The Effect of Propofol on Mitochondrial Fission during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hippocampal Neurons

The neuroprotective role of propofol in transient global and focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) animal model has recently been highlighted. However, no studies have conducted to explore the relationship between mitochondrial fission/fusion and I/R injury under the intervention of propofol. Mo...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2016-10, Vol.11 (10), p.e0165052-e0165052
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Haibin, Zheng, Shengfa, Liu, Maodong, Jia, Changxin, Wang, Shilei, Wang, Xue, Xue, Sha, Guo, Yunliang
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Zheng, Shengfa
Liu, Maodong
Jia, Changxin
Wang, Shilei
Wang, Xue
Xue, Sha
Guo, Yunliang
description The neuroprotective role of propofol in transient global and focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) animal model has recently been highlighted. However, no studies have conducted to explore the relationship between mitochondrial fission/fusion and I/R injury under the intervention of propofol. Moreover, neuroprotective mechanism of propofol is yet unclear. Culturing primary hippocampal cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model, as a model of cerebral I/R in vitro. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to test the effect of propofol on cell viability. We examined the effect of propofol on mitochondrial ultrastructure and mitochondrial fission evoked by OGD/R with transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence assay. To investigate possible neuroprotective mechanisms, the authors then examined whether propofol could inhibit calcium-overload, calcineurin (CaN) activation and the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) during the period of OGD/R, as well as the combination of Drp1-ser 637 and fission 1 (Fis1) protein by immunofluorescence assay, ELISA and double-labeling immunofluorescence analysis. Finally, the expression of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were detected by western blot. When added in culture media during OGD period, propofol (0.1μM-50μM) could alleviate neurons injury and protect mitochondrial ultrastructure, meanwhile inhibit mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+, CaN activition and the phosphorylation of Drp1-ser637 were suppressed, as well as the translocation and combination of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1. The authors also found that the expression of Cyt C, AIF, Drp1-ser637 and Fis1 were down-regulated. Notably, high dose of propofol (100μM-200μM) were confirmed to decrease the survival of neurons based on results of cell viability. Propofol could inhibit mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway evoked by OGD/R in rat hippocampal neurons, which may be via depressing calcium-overload.
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However, no studies have conducted to explore the relationship between mitochondrial fission/fusion and I/R injury under the intervention of propofol. Moreover, neuroprotective mechanism of propofol is yet unclear. Culturing primary hippocampal cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model, as a model of cerebral I/R in vitro. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to test the effect of propofol on cell viability. We examined the effect of propofol on mitochondrial ultrastructure and mitochondrial fission evoked by OGD/R with transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence assay. To investigate possible neuroprotective mechanisms, the authors then examined whether propofol could inhibit calcium-overload, calcineurin (CaN) activation and the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) during the period of OGD/R, as well as the combination of Drp1-ser 637 and fission 1 (Fis1) protein by immunofluorescence assay, ELISA and double-labeling immunofluorescence analysis. Finally, the expression of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were detected by western blot. When added in culture media during OGD period, propofol (0.1μM-50μM) could alleviate neurons injury and protect mitochondrial ultrastructure, meanwhile inhibit mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+, CaN activition and the phosphorylation of Drp1-ser637 were suppressed, as well as the translocation and combination of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1. The authors also found that the expression of Cyt C, AIF, Drp1-ser637 and Fis1 were down-regulated. Notably, high dose of propofol (100μM-200μM) were confirmed to decrease the survival of neurons based on results of cell viability. Propofol could inhibit mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway evoked by OGD/R in rat hippocampal neurons, which may be via depressing calcium-overload.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165052</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27788177</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Anesthesia ; Anesthesiology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis-inducing factor ; Assaying ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Calcineurin ; Calcium ; Calcium (intracellular) ; Calcium - metabolism ; Calcium ions ; Cell culture ; Cell survival ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholecystokinin ; Culture media ; Cytochrome ; Cytochrome c ; Deprivation ; Dynamin ; Electron microscopy ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Fission ; Glucose ; Glucose - deficiency ; Hippocampus ; Hippocampus - drug effects ; Hippocampus - physiopathology ; Hippocampus - ultrastructure ; Hospitals ; Hypoxia - drug therapy ; Immunofluorescence ; In vitro methods and tests ; Injuries ; Ischemia ; Kinases ; Media (culture) ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondria - drug effects ; Mitochondria - ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Dynamics - drug effects ; Neurons ; Neuroprotection ; Oxygen ; Oxygenation ; Permeability ; Phenols (Class of compounds) ; Phosphorylation ; Propofol ; Propofol - pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury - prevention &amp; control ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rodents ; Translocation ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Traumatic brain injury ; Ultrastructure</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-10, Vol.11 (10), p.e0165052-e0165052</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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However, no studies have conducted to explore the relationship between mitochondrial fission/fusion and I/R injury under the intervention of propofol. Moreover, neuroprotective mechanism of propofol is yet unclear. Culturing primary hippocampal cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model, as a model of cerebral I/R in vitro. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to test the effect of propofol on cell viability. We examined the effect of propofol on mitochondrial ultrastructure and mitochondrial fission evoked by OGD/R with transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence assay. To investigate possible neuroprotective mechanisms, the authors then examined whether propofol could inhibit calcium-overload, calcineurin (CaN) activation and the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) during the period of OGD/R, as well as the combination of Drp1-ser 637 and fission 1 (Fis1) protein by immunofluorescence assay, ELISA and double-labeling immunofluorescence analysis. Finally, the expression of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were detected by western blot. When added in culture media during OGD period, propofol (0.1μM-50μM) could alleviate neurons injury and protect mitochondrial ultrastructure, meanwhile inhibit mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+, CaN activition and the phosphorylation of Drp1-ser637 were suppressed, as well as the translocation and combination of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1. The authors also found that the expression of Cyt C, AIF, Drp1-ser637 and Fis1 were down-regulated. Notably, high dose of propofol (100μM-200μM) were confirmed to decrease the survival of neurons based on results of cell viability. Propofol could inhibit mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway evoked by OGD/R in rat hippocampal neurons, which may be via depressing calcium-overload.</description><subject>Anesthesia</subject><subject>Anesthesiology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Apoptosis-inducing factor</subject><subject>Assaying</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Calcineurin</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium (intracellular)</subject><subject>Calcium - metabolism</subject><subject>Calcium ions</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Cell survival</subject><subject>Cell Survival - drug effects</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Cholecystokinin</subject><subject>Culture media</subject><subject>Cytochrome</subject><subject>Cytochrome c</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>Dynamin</subject><subject>Electron microscopy</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Fission</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Glucose - deficiency</subject><subject>Hippocampus</subject><subject>Hippocampus - drug effects</subject><subject>Hippocampus - physiopathology</subject><subject>Hippocampus - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Hypoxia - drug therapy</subject><subject>Immunofluorescence</subject><subject>In vitro methods and tests</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Ischemia</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Media (culture)</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>Mitochondria - drug effects</subject><subject>Mitochondria - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Mitochondrial Dynamics - drug effects</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neuroprotection</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Oxygenation</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Phenols (Class of compounds)</subject><subject>Phosphorylation</subject><subject>Propofol</subject><subject>Propofol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Reperfusion</subject><subject>Reperfusion Injury - prevention &amp; 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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological &amp; Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Haibin</au><au>Zheng, Shengfa</au><au>Liu, Maodong</au><au>Jia, Changxin</au><au>Wang, Shilei</au><au>Wang, Xue</au><au>Xue, Sha</au><au>Guo, Yunliang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Effect of Propofol on Mitochondrial Fission during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hippocampal Neurons</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-10-27</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e0165052</spage><epage>e0165052</epage><pages>e0165052-e0165052</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The neuroprotective role of propofol in transient global and focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) animal model has recently been highlighted. However, no studies have conducted to explore the relationship between mitochondrial fission/fusion and I/R injury under the intervention of propofol. Moreover, neuroprotective mechanism of propofol is yet unclear. Culturing primary hippocampal cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model, as a model of cerebral I/R in vitro. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to test the effect of propofol on cell viability. We examined the effect of propofol on mitochondrial ultrastructure and mitochondrial fission evoked by OGD/R with transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence assay. To investigate possible neuroprotective mechanisms, the authors then examined whether propofol could inhibit calcium-overload, calcineurin (CaN) activation and the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) during the period of OGD/R, as well as the combination of Drp1-ser 637 and fission 1 (Fis1) protein by immunofluorescence assay, ELISA and double-labeling immunofluorescence analysis. Finally, the expression of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were detected by western blot. When added in culture media during OGD period, propofol (0.1μM-50μM) could alleviate neurons injury and protect mitochondrial ultrastructure, meanwhile inhibit mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+, CaN activition and the phosphorylation of Drp1-ser637 were suppressed, as well as the translocation and combination of Drp1-ser 637 and Fis1. The authors also found that the expression of Cyt C, AIF, Drp1-ser637 and Fis1 were down-regulated. Notably, high dose of propofol (100μM-200μM) were confirmed to decrease the survival of neurons based on results of cell viability. Propofol could inhibit mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway evoked by OGD/R in rat hippocampal neurons, which may be via depressing calcium-overload.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27788177</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0165052</doi><tpages>e0165052</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2016-10, Vol.11 (10), p.e0165052-e0165052
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
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source MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
subjects Anesthesia
Anesthesiology
Animals
Apoptosis
Apoptosis-inducing factor
Assaying
Biology and Life Sciences
Calcineurin
Calcium
Calcium (intracellular)
Calcium - metabolism
Calcium ions
Cell culture
Cell survival
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Cholecystokinin
Culture media
Cytochrome
Cytochrome c
Deprivation
Dynamin
Electron microscopy
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Fission
Glucose
Glucose - deficiency
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - drug effects
Hippocampus - physiopathology
Hippocampus - ultrastructure
Hospitals
Hypoxia - drug therapy
Immunofluorescence
In vitro methods and tests
Injuries
Ischemia
Kinases
Media (culture)
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - ultrastructure
Mitochondrial Dynamics - drug effects
Neurons
Neuroprotection
Oxygen
Oxygenation
Permeability
Phenols (Class of compounds)
Phosphorylation
Propofol
Propofol - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Reperfusion
Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control
Research and Analysis Methods
Rodents
Translocation
Transmission electron microscopy
Traumatic brain injury
Ultrastructure
title The Effect of Propofol on Mitochondrial Fission during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hippocampal Neurons
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