Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin
Using a large, passive, clinic-based surveillance program in Iquitos, Peru, we characterized the prevalence of rickettsial infections among undifferentiated febrile cases and obtained evidence of pathogen transmission in potential domestic reservoir contacts and their ectoparasites. Blood specimens...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0004843-e0004843 |
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| creator | Kocher, Claudine Morrison, Amy C Leguia, Mariana Loyola, Steev Castillo, Roger M Galvez, Hugo A Astete, Helvio Flores-Mendoza, Carmen Ampuero, Julia S Bausch, Daniel G Halsey, Eric S Cespedes, Manuel Zevallos, Karine Jiang, Ju Richards, Allen L |
| description | Using a large, passive, clinic-based surveillance program in Iquitos, Peru, we characterized the prevalence of rickettsial infections among undifferentiated febrile cases and obtained evidence of pathogen transmission in potential domestic reservoir contacts and their ectoparasites. Blood specimens from humans and animals were assayed for spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and typhus group rickettsiae (TGR) by ELISA and/or PCR; ectoparasites were screened by PCR. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between patient history, demographic characteristics of participants and symptoms, clinical findings and outcome of rickettsial infection. Of the 2,054 enrolled participants, almost 2% showed evidence of seroconversion or a 4-fold rise in antibody titers specific for rickettsiae between acute and convalescent blood samples. Of 190 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and 60 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) tested, 185 (97.4%) and 3 (5%), respectively, were positive for Rickettsia spp. Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis was identified in 100% and 33% of the fleas and ticks tested, respectively. Collectively, our serologic data indicates that human pathogenic SFGR are present in the Peruvian Amazon and pose a significant risk of infection to individuals exposed to wild, domestic and peri-domestic animals and their ectoparasites. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004843 |
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Blood specimens from humans and animals were assayed for spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and typhus group rickettsiae (TGR) by ELISA and/or PCR; ectoparasites were screened by PCR. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between patient history, demographic characteristics of participants and symptoms, clinical findings and outcome of rickettsial infection. Of the 2,054 enrolled participants, almost 2% showed evidence of seroconversion or a 4-fold rise in antibody titers specific for rickettsiae between acute and convalescent blood samples. Of 190 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and 60 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) tested, 185 (97.4%) and 3 (5%), respectively, were positive for Rickettsia spp. Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis was identified in 100% and 33% of the fleas and ticks tested, respectively. Collectively, our serologic data indicates that human pathogenic SFGR are present in the Peruvian Amazon and pose a significant risk of infection to individuals exposed to wild, domestic and peri-domestic animals and their ectoparasites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004843</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27416029</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Child ; Copyright ; Disease ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Illnesses ; Infections ; Investigations ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Military service ; Pathogens ; People and Places ; Peru - epidemiology ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Rickettsia - genetics ; Rickettsia - isolation & purification ; Rickettsia - physiology ; Rickettsia Infections - blood ; Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology ; Rickettsia Infections - microbiology ; Rickettsia Infections - transmission ; Rickettsial diseases ; Siphonaptera - classification ; Siphonaptera - microbiology ; Statistics ; Surveillance ; Tropical diseases ; Typhus ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0004843-e0004843</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Kocher C, Morrison AC, Leguia M, Loyola S, Castillo RM, Galvez HA, et al. (2016) Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(7): e0004843. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004843</rights><rights>2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Kocher C, Morrison AC, Leguia M, Loyola S, Castillo RM, Galvez HA, et al. (2016) Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. 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Blood specimens from humans and animals were assayed for spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and typhus group rickettsiae (TGR) by ELISA and/or PCR; ectoparasites were screened by PCR. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between patient history, demographic characteristics of participants and symptoms, clinical findings and outcome of rickettsial infection. Of the 2,054 enrolled participants, almost 2% showed evidence of seroconversion or a 4-fold rise in antibody titers specific for rickettsiae between acute and convalescent blood samples. Of 190 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and 60 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) tested, 185 (97.4%) and 3 (5%), respectively, were positive for Rickettsia spp. Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis was identified in 100% and 33% of the fleas and ticks tested, respectively. 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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Animals Antibodies, Bacterial - blood Biology and Life Sciences Child Copyright Disease Female Fever Humans Illnesses Infections Investigations Male Medicine and Health Sciences Military service Pathogens People and Places Peru - epidemiology Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Rickettsia - genetics Rickettsia - isolation & purification Rickettsia - physiology Rickettsia Infections - blood Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology Rickettsia Infections - microbiology Rickettsia Infections - transmission Rickettsial diseases Siphonaptera - classification Siphonaptera - microbiology Statistics Surveillance Tropical diseases Typhus Young Adult |
| title | Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin |
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