Influence of Season and Feedlot Location on Prevalence and Virulence Factors of Seven Serogroups of Escherichia coli in Feces of Western-Canadian Slaughter Cattle
Pooled feces collected over two years from 1749 transport trailers hauling western-Canadian slaughter cattle were analysed by PCR for detection of Escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157. Sequential immunomagnetic separation was then used to collect bacterial isolates...
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| description | Pooled feces collected over two years from 1749 transport trailers hauling western-Canadian slaughter cattle were analysed by PCR for detection of Escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157. Sequential immunomagnetic separation was then used to collect bacterial isolates (n = 1035) from feces positive for target serogroups. Isolated bacteria were tested by PCR to confirm serogroup and the presence of eae, ehxA, stx1, and stx2 virulence genes. Based on PCR screening, serogroup prevalence in feces ranged from 7.0% (O145) to 94.4% (O103) with at least 3 serogroups present in 79.5% of samples. Origin of cattle affected serogroup PCR prevalence and O157 was most prevalent in feces from south-west Alberta (P < 0.001). All serogroups demonstrated seasonal variations in PCR prevalence, with O26, O45, O103, O121, and O157 least prevalent (P < 0.001) in cooler winter months, while uncommon serogroups O111 and O145 increased in prevalence during winter (P < 0.001). However, isolates collected during winter were predominantly from serogroups O103 and O45. No seasonal variation was noted in proportion of isolates which were Shiga toxin containing E. coli (STEC; P = 0.18) or positive for Shiga toxin and eae (enterohemorrhagic E. coli; EHEC; P = 0.29). Isolates of serogroups O111, O145, and O157 were more frequently EHEC than were others, although 37.6-54.3% of isolates from other serogroups were also EHEC. Shiga-toxin genes present also varied by geographic origin of cattle (P < 0.05) in all serogroups except O157. As cattle within feedlots are sourced from multiple regions, locational differences in serogroup prevalence and virulence genes imply existence of selection pressures for E. coli and their virulence in western-Canadian cattle. Factors which reduce carriage or expression of virulence genes, particularly in non-O157 serogroups, should be investigated. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0159866 |
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Sequential immunomagnetic separation was then used to collect bacterial isolates (n = 1035) from feces positive for target serogroups. Isolated bacteria were tested by PCR to confirm serogroup and the presence of eae, ehxA, stx1, and stx2 virulence genes. Based on PCR screening, serogroup prevalence in feces ranged from 7.0% (O145) to 94.4% (O103) with at least 3 serogroups present in 79.5% of samples. Origin of cattle affected serogroup PCR prevalence and O157 was most prevalent in feces from south-west Alberta (P < 0.001). All serogroups demonstrated seasonal variations in PCR prevalence, with O26, O45, O103, O121, and O157 least prevalent (P < 0.001) in cooler winter months, while uncommon serogroups O111 and O145 increased in prevalence during winter (P < 0.001). However, isolates collected during winter were predominantly from serogroups O103 and O45. No seasonal variation was noted in proportion of isolates which were Shiga toxin containing E. coli (STEC; P = 0.18) or positive for Shiga toxin and eae (enterohemorrhagic E. coli; EHEC; P = 0.29). Isolates of serogroups O111, O145, and O157 were more frequently EHEC than were others, although 37.6-54.3% of isolates from other serogroups were also EHEC. Shiga-toxin genes present also varied by geographic origin of cattle (P < 0.05) in all serogroups except O157. As cattle within feedlots are sourced from multiple regions, locational differences in serogroup prevalence and virulence genes imply existence of selection pressures for E. coli and their virulence in western-Canadian cattle. Factors which reduce carriage or expression of virulence genes, particularly in non-O157 serogroups, should be investigated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159866</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27482711</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bacteria ; Beef ; Beef cattle ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bovidae ; Canada - epidemiology ; Cattle ; Cattle - microbiology ; Cattle Diseases - epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases - microbiology ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; E coli ; Earth Sciences ; Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - genetics ; Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli Infections - epidemiology ; Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology ; Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary ; Escherichia coli Proteins - genetics ; Feces ; Feces - microbiology ; Feedlots ; Food safety ; Gene expression ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Glycerol ; Hauling ; Health aspects ; Hemolysin Proteins - genetics ; Immunomagnetic separation ; Infections ; Intensive farming ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Prevalence ; Seasonal variations ; Seasons ; Serogroup ; Shiga toxin ; Shiga Toxin 1 - genetics ; Shiga Toxin 2 - genetics ; Slaughter ; Toxins ; Trailers ; Virulence ; Virulence factors ; Virulence Factors - genetics ; Winter</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0159866-e0159866</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Stanford et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Factors which reduce carriage or expression of virulence genes, particularly in non-O157 serogroups, should be investigated.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Beef</subject><subject>Beef cattle</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bovidae</subject><subject>Canada - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Cattle - microbiology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - genetics</subject><subject>Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Proteins - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stanford, Kim</au><au>Johnson, Roger P</au><au>Alexander, Trevor W</au><au>McAllister, Tim A</au><au>Reuter, Tim</au><au>Fratamico, Pina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of Season and Feedlot Location on Prevalence and Virulence Factors of Seven Serogroups of Escherichia coli in Feces of Western-Canadian Slaughter Cattle</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-08-02</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0159866</spage><epage>e0159866</epage><pages>e0159866-e0159866</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Pooled feces collected over two years from 1749 transport trailers hauling western-Canadian slaughter cattle were analysed by PCR for detection of Escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157. Sequential immunomagnetic separation was then used to collect bacterial isolates (n = 1035) from feces positive for target serogroups. Isolated bacteria were tested by PCR to confirm serogroup and the presence of eae, ehxA, stx1, and stx2 virulence genes. Based on PCR screening, serogroup prevalence in feces ranged from 7.0% (O145) to 94.4% (O103) with at least 3 serogroups present in 79.5% of samples. Origin of cattle affected serogroup PCR prevalence and O157 was most prevalent in feces from south-west Alberta (P < 0.001). All serogroups demonstrated seasonal variations in PCR prevalence, with O26, O45, O103, O121, and O157 least prevalent (P < 0.001) in cooler winter months, while uncommon serogroups O111 and O145 increased in prevalence during winter (P < 0.001). However, isolates collected during winter were predominantly from serogroups O103 and O45. No seasonal variation was noted in proportion of isolates which were Shiga toxin containing E. coli (STEC; P = 0.18) or positive for Shiga toxin and eae (enterohemorrhagic E. coli; EHEC; P = 0.29). Isolates of serogroups O111, O145, and O157 were more frequently EHEC than were others, although 37.6-54.3% of isolates from other serogroups were also EHEC. Shiga-toxin genes present also varied by geographic origin of cattle (P < 0.05) in all serogroups except O157. As cattle within feedlots are sourced from multiple regions, locational differences in serogroup prevalence and virulence genes imply existence of selection pressures for E. coli and their virulence in western-Canadian cattle. Factors which reduce carriage or expression of virulence genes, particularly in non-O157 serogroups, should be investigated.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27482711</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0159866</doi><tpages>e0159866</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-0042</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0159866-e0159866 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1808344607 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Bacteria Beef Beef cattle Biology and Life Sciences Bovidae Canada - epidemiology Cattle Cattle - microbiology Cattle Diseases - epidemiology Cattle Diseases - microbiology Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA E coli Earth Sciences Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - genetics Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli - isolation & purification Escherichia coli Escherichia coli Infections - epidemiology Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary Escherichia coli Proteins - genetics Feces Feces - microbiology Feedlots Food safety Gene expression Genes Genetic aspects Glycerol Hauling Health aspects Hemolysin Proteins - genetics Immunomagnetic separation Infections Intensive farming Medicine and Health Sciences Physiological aspects Prevalence Seasonal variations Seasons Serogroup Shiga toxin Shiga Toxin 1 - genetics Shiga Toxin 2 - genetics Slaughter Toxins Trailers Virulence Virulence factors Virulence Factors - genetics Winter |
| title | Influence of Season and Feedlot Location on Prevalence and Virulence Factors of Seven Serogroups of Escherichia coli in Feces of Western-Canadian Slaughter Cattle |
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