Nomogram Incorporating CD44v6 and Clinicopathological Factors to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis for Early Gastric Cancer
Treatment strategy for early gastric cancer depends on the probability of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to develop a nomogram predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer using clinicopathological factors and biomarkers. A literature review was performed to identify bio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0159424-e0159424 |
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| creator | Eom, Bang Wool Joo, Jungnam Park, Boram Jo, Min Jung Choi, Seung Ho Cho, Soo-Jeong Ryu, Keun Won Kim, Young-Woo Kook, Myeong-Cherl |
| description | Treatment strategy for early gastric cancer depends on the probability of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to develop a nomogram predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer using clinicopathological factors and biomarkers.
A literature review was performed to identify biomarkers related to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Seven markers were selected and immunohistochemistry was performed in 336 early gastric cancer tissues. Based on the multivariable analysis, a prediction model including clinicopatholgical factors and biomarkers was developed, and benefit of adding biomarkers was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve and net reclassification improvement. Functional study in gastric cancer cell line was performed to evaluate mechanism of biomarker.
Of the seven biomarkers studied, α1 catenin and CD44v6 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. A conventional prediction model, including tumor size, histological type, lymphatic blood vessel invasion, and depth of invasion, was developed. Then, a new prediction model including both clinicopathological factors and CD44v6 was developed. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed a significant improvement of predictive performance by the addition of CD44v6, and a similar result was shown in the internal validation using bootstrapping. Prediction nomograms were then constructed based on these models. In the functional study, CD44v6 was revealed to affect cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Overexpression of CD44v6 was a significant predictor of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. The prediction nomograms incorporating CD44v6 can be useful to determine treatment plans in patients with early gastric cancer. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0159424 |
| format | Article |
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A literature review was performed to identify biomarkers related to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Seven markers were selected and immunohistochemistry was performed in 336 early gastric cancer tissues. Based on the multivariable analysis, a prediction model including clinicopatholgical factors and biomarkers was developed, and benefit of adding biomarkers was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve and net reclassification improvement. Functional study in gastric cancer cell line was performed to evaluate mechanism of biomarker.
Of the seven biomarkers studied, α1 catenin and CD44v6 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. A conventional prediction model, including tumor size, histological type, lymphatic blood vessel invasion, and depth of invasion, was developed. Then, a new prediction model including both clinicopathological factors and CD44v6 was developed. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed a significant improvement of predictive performance by the addition of CD44v6, and a similar result was shown in the internal validation using bootstrapping. Prediction nomograms were then constructed based on these models. In the functional study, CD44v6 was revealed to affect cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Overexpression of CD44v6 was a significant predictor of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. The prediction nomograms incorporating CD44v6 can be useful to determine treatment plans in patients with early gastric cancer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159424</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27482895</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Analysis ; Biological markers ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis ; Blood vessels ; Brain cancer ; Cancer ; Cancer metastasis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell migration ; Cell proliferation ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastric cancer ; Genetic aspects ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors - analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Literature reviews ; Lymph ; Lymph nodes ; Lymph Nodes - pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis - diagnosis ; Lymphatic Metastasis - pathology ; Lymphatic system ; Male ; Mathematical models ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Nomograms ; Patient outcomes ; Performance prediction ; Physiological aspects ; Prediction models ; Prognosis ; R&D ; Reclassification ; Research & development ; Risk factors ; Stomach - pathology ; Stomach cancer ; Stomach Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Stomach Neoplasms - pathology ; Studies ; Tissues ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0159424-e0159424</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Eom et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Eom et al 2016 Eom et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-fb69bb63661b0ff82b3ba3a7b9751696073818a83457795c2b08a2f5ac4a646a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-fb69bb63661b0ff82b3ba3a7b9751696073818a83457795c2b08a2f5ac4a646a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970798/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970798/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27482895$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Suzuki, Hiromu</contributor><creatorcontrib>Eom, Bang Wool</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joo, Jungnam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Boram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jo, Min Jung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Soo-Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryu, Keun Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young-Woo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kook, Myeong-Cherl</creatorcontrib><title>Nomogram Incorporating CD44v6 and Clinicopathological Factors to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis for Early Gastric Cancer</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Treatment strategy for early gastric cancer depends on the probability of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to develop a nomogram predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer using clinicopathological factors and biomarkers.
A literature review was performed to identify biomarkers related to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Seven markers were selected and immunohistochemistry was performed in 336 early gastric cancer tissues. Based on the multivariable analysis, a prediction model including clinicopatholgical factors and biomarkers was developed, and benefit of adding biomarkers was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve and net reclassification improvement. Functional study in gastric cancer cell line was performed to evaluate mechanism of biomarker.
Of the seven biomarkers studied, α1 catenin and CD44v6 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. A conventional prediction model, including tumor size, histological type, lymphatic blood vessel invasion, and depth of invasion, was developed. Then, a new prediction model including both clinicopathological factors and CD44v6 was developed. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed a significant improvement of predictive performance by the addition of CD44v6, and a similar result was shown in the internal validation using bootstrapping. Prediction nomograms were then constructed based on these models. In the functional study, CD44v6 was revealed to affect cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Overexpression of CD44v6 was a significant predictor of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. The prediction nomograms incorporating CD44v6 can be useful to determine treatment plans in patients with early gastric cancer.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biological markers</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis</subject><subject>Blood vessels</subject><subject>Brain cancer</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer metastasis</subject><subject>Cell Line, Tumor</subject><subject>Cell migration</subject><subject>Cell proliferation</subject><subject>Early Detection of Cancer</subject><subject>Endoscopy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastric cancer</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyaluronan Receptors - analysis</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Lymph</subject><subject>Lymph nodes</subject><subject>Lymph Nodes - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Eom, Bang Wool</au><au>Joo, Jungnam</au><au>Park, Boram</au><au>Jo, Min Jung</au><au>Choi, Seung Ho</au><au>Cho, Soo-Jeong</au><au>Ryu, Keun Won</au><au>Kim, Young-Woo</au><au>Kook, Myeong-Cherl</au><au>Suzuki, Hiromu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nomogram Incorporating CD44v6 and Clinicopathological Factors to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis for Early Gastric Cancer</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-08-02</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0159424</spage><epage>e0159424</epage><pages>e0159424-e0159424</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Treatment strategy for early gastric cancer depends on the probability of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to develop a nomogram predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer using clinicopathological factors and biomarkers.
A literature review was performed to identify biomarkers related to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Seven markers were selected and immunohistochemistry was performed in 336 early gastric cancer tissues. Based on the multivariable analysis, a prediction model including clinicopatholgical factors and biomarkers was developed, and benefit of adding biomarkers was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve and net reclassification improvement. Functional study in gastric cancer cell line was performed to evaluate mechanism of biomarker.
Of the seven biomarkers studied, α1 catenin and CD44v6 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. A conventional prediction model, including tumor size, histological type, lymphatic blood vessel invasion, and depth of invasion, was developed. Then, a new prediction model including both clinicopathological factors and CD44v6 was developed. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed a significant improvement of predictive performance by the addition of CD44v6, and a similar result was shown in the internal validation using bootstrapping. Prediction nomograms were then constructed based on these models. In the functional study, CD44v6 was revealed to affect cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Overexpression of CD44v6 was a significant predictor of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. The prediction nomograms incorporating CD44v6 can be useful to determine treatment plans in patients with early gastric cancer.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27482895</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0159424</doi><tpages>e0159424</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0159424-e0159424 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Aged Analysis Biological markers Biology and Life Sciences Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis Blood vessels Brain cancer Cancer Cancer metastasis Cell Line, Tumor Cell migration Cell proliferation Early Detection of Cancer Endoscopy Female Gastric cancer Genetic aspects Hospitals Humans Hyaluronan Receptors - analysis Immunohistochemistry Literature reviews Lymph Lymph nodes Lymph Nodes - pathology Lymphatic Metastasis - diagnosis Lymphatic Metastasis - pathology Lymphatic system Male Mathematical models Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Metastases Metastasis Middle Aged Nomograms Patient outcomes Performance prediction Physiological aspects Prediction models Prognosis R&D Reclassification Research & development Risk factors Stomach - pathology Stomach cancer Stomach Neoplasms - diagnosis Stomach Neoplasms - pathology Studies Tissues Tumors |
| title | Nomogram Incorporating CD44v6 and Clinicopathological Factors to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis for Early Gastric Cancer |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T22%3A25%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nomogram%20Incorporating%20CD44v6%20and%20Clinicopathological%20Factors%20to%20Predict%20Lymph%20Node%20Metastasis%20for%20Early%20Gastric%20Cancer&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Eom,%20Bang%20Wool&rft.date=2016-08-02&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0159424&rft.epage=e0159424&rft.pages=e0159424-e0159424&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0159424&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA459772004%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1808344137&rft_id=info:pmid/27482895&rft_galeid=A459772004&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_839969b8468245a1a6907f5baf16817a&rfr_iscdi=true |