Feathered Detectives: Real-Time GPS Tracking of Scavenging Gulls Pinpoints Illegal Waste Dumping
Urban waste impacts human and environmental health, and waste management has become one of the major challenges of humanity. Concurrently with new directives due to manage this human by-product, illegal dumping has become one of the most lucrative activities of organized crime. Beyond economic fraud...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2016-07, Vol.11 (7), p.e0159974-e0159974 |
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| creator | Navarro, Joan Grémillet, David Afán, Isabel Ramírez, Francisco Bouten, Willem Forero, Manuela G |
| description | Urban waste impacts human and environmental health, and waste management has become one of the major challenges of humanity. Concurrently with new directives due to manage this human by-product, illegal dumping has become one of the most lucrative activities of organized crime. Beyond economic fraud, illegal waste disposal strongly enhances uncontrolled dissemination of human pathogens, pollutants and invasive species. Here, we demonstrate the potential of novel real-time GPS tracking of scavenging species to detect environmental crime. Specifically, we were able to detect illegal activities at an officially closed dump, which was visited recurrently by 5 of 19 GPS-tracked yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis). In comparison with conventional land-based surveys, GPS tracking allows a much wider and cost-efficient spatiotemporal coverage, even of the most hazardous sites, while GPS data accessibility through the internet enables rapid intervention. Our results suggest that multi-species guilds of feathered detectives equipped with GPS and cameras could help fight illegal dumping at continental scales. We encourage further experimental studies, to infer waste detection thresholds in gulls and other scavenging species exploiting human waste dumps. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0159974 |
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Concurrently with new directives due to manage this human by-product, illegal dumping has become one of the most lucrative activities of organized crime. Beyond economic fraud, illegal waste disposal strongly enhances uncontrolled dissemination of human pathogens, pollutants and invasive species. Here, we demonstrate the potential of novel real-time GPS tracking of scavenging species to detect environmental crime. Specifically, we were able to detect illegal activities at an officially closed dump, which was visited recurrently by 5 of 19 GPS-tracked yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis). In comparison with conventional land-based surveys, GPS tracking allows a much wider and cost-efficient spatiotemporal coverage, even of the most hazardous sites, while GPS data accessibility through the internet enables rapid intervention. Our results suggest that multi-species guilds of feathered detectives equipped with GPS and cameras could help fight illegal dumping at continental scales. We encourage further experimental studies, to infer waste detection thresholds in gulls and other scavenging species exploiting human waste dumps.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159974</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27448048</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Animal radio tracking ; Animals ; Aquaculture ; Behavior ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bird migration ; Cameras ; Charadriiformes ; Crime ; Dumping ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental crimes ; Environmental health ; Environmental impact ; Environmental management ; Environmental Monitoring ; Ethical aspects ; Field study ; Fraud ; Geographic Information Systems ; Global positioning systems ; GPS ; Greenhouse gases ; Guilds ; Gulls ; Habitats ; Human wastes ; Humans ; Information systems ; International aspects ; Introduced species ; Invasive species ; Investigations ; Landfill ; Landfills ; Larus ; Larus michahellis ; Marine conservation ; Municipal waste management ; Organized crime ; People and Places ; Pollutants ; Pollution violations ; Public health ; Real time ; Scavenging ; Social Sciences ; Solid waste disposal ; Spain ; Spatial Analysis ; Tracking ; Urban waste ; Waste disposal ; Waste Disposal Facilities ; Waste Management</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-07, Vol.11 (7), p.e0159974-e0159974</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Navarro et al. 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environmental health, and waste management has become one of the major challenges of humanity. Concurrently with new directives due to manage this human by-product, illegal dumping has become one of the most lucrative activities of organized crime. Beyond economic fraud, illegal waste disposal strongly enhances uncontrolled dissemination of human pathogens, pollutants and invasive species. Here, we demonstrate the potential of novel real-time GPS tracking of scavenging species to detect environmental crime. Specifically, we were able to detect illegal activities at an officially closed dump, which was visited recurrently by 5 of 19 GPS-tracked yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis). In comparison with conventional land-based surveys, GPS tracking allows a much wider and cost-efficient spatiotemporal coverage, even of the most hazardous sites, while GPS data accessibility through the internet enables rapid intervention. Our results suggest that multi-species guilds of feathered detectives equipped with GPS and cameras could help fight illegal dumping at continental scales. We encourage further experimental studies, to infer waste detection thresholds in gulls and other scavenging species exploiting human waste dumps.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27448048</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0159974</doi><tpages>e0159974</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5756-9543</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Analysis Animal radio tracking Animals Aquaculture Behavior Biology and Life Sciences Bird migration Cameras Charadriiformes Crime Dumping Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Environmental aspects Environmental crimes Environmental health Environmental impact Environmental management Environmental Monitoring Ethical aspects Field study Fraud Geographic Information Systems Global positioning systems GPS Greenhouse gases Guilds Gulls Habitats Human wastes Humans Information systems International aspects Introduced species Invasive species Investigations Landfill Landfills Larus Larus michahellis Marine conservation Municipal waste management Organized crime People and Places Pollutants Pollution violations Public health Real time Scavenging Social Sciences Solid waste disposal Spain Spatial Analysis Tracking Urban waste Waste disposal Waste Disposal Facilities Waste Management |
| title | Feathered Detectives: Real-Time GPS Tracking of Scavenging Gulls Pinpoints Illegal Waste Dumping |
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