Changes in the Cytoplasmic Composition of Amino Acids and Proteins Observed in Staphylococcus aureus during Growth under Variable Growth Conditions Representative of the Human Wound Site
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a high proportion of nosocomial infections. This study was conducted to assess the bacterial responses in the cytoplasmic composition of amino acids and ribosomal proteins under various environmental conditions designed to mimic thos...
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| creator | Alreshidi, Mousa M Dunstan, R Hugh Gottfries, Johan Macdonald, Margaret M Crompton, Marcus J Ang, Ching-Seng Williamson, Nicholas A Roberts, Tim K |
| description | Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a high proportion of nosocomial infections. This study was conducted to assess the bacterial responses in the cytoplasmic composition of amino acids and ribosomal proteins under various environmental conditions designed to mimic those on the human skin or within a wound site: pH6-8, temperature 35-37°C, and additional 0-5% NaCl. It was found that each set of environmental conditions elicited substantial adjustments in cytoplasmic levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, alanine and glycine (P< 0.05). These alterations generated characteristic amino acid profiles assessed by principle component analysis (PCA). Substantial alterations in cytoplasmic amino acid and protein composition occurred during growth under conditions of higher salinity stress implemented via additional levels of NaCl in the growth medium. The cells responded to additional NaCl at pH 6 by reducing levels of ribosomal proteins, whereas at pH 8 there was an upregulation of ribosomal proteins compared with the reference control. The levels of two ribosomal proteins, L32 and S19, remained constant across all experimental conditions. The data supported the hypothesis that the bacterium was continually responding to the dynamic environment by modifying the proteome and optimising metabolic homeostasis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0159662 |
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This study was conducted to assess the bacterial responses in the cytoplasmic composition of amino acids and ribosomal proteins under various environmental conditions designed to mimic those on the human skin or within a wound site: pH6-8, temperature 35-37°C, and additional 0-5% NaCl. It was found that each set of environmental conditions elicited substantial adjustments in cytoplasmic levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, alanine and glycine (P< 0.05). These alterations generated characteristic amino acid profiles assessed by principle component analysis (PCA). Substantial alterations in cytoplasmic amino acid and protein composition occurred during growth under conditions of higher salinity stress implemented via additional levels of NaCl in the growth medium. The cells responded to additional NaCl at pH 6 by reducing levels of ribosomal proteins, whereas at pH 8 there was an upregulation of ribosomal proteins compared with the reference control. The levels of two ribosomal proteins, L32 and S19, remained constant across all experimental conditions. The data supported the hypothesis that the bacterium was continually responding to the dynamic environment by modifying the proteome and optimising metabolic homeostasis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159662</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27442022</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Alanine ; Amino acid composition ; Amino acids ; Amino Acids - metabolism ; Aspartic acid ; Bacteria ; Bacterial proteins ; Biological Sciences ; Biologiska vetenskaper ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cytoplasm - metabolism ; Encyclopedias ; Environmental conditions ; escherichia-coli ; Fourier transforms ; Genetic aspects ; Glutamic acid ; Glycine ; Growth ; Growth conditions ; Health aspects ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Information technology ; Life sciences ; Listeria ; Listeria monocytogenes ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metabolism ; metabolome ; Nosocomial infection ; Opportunist infection ; osmoregulation ; osmotic-stress ; pH effects ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Principal Component Analysis ; Principal components analysis ; Proline ; Protein composition ; Proteins ; Proteomes ; proteomic analysis ; Reference Standards ; Research and Analysis Methods ; responses ; Ribosomal proteins ; Ribosomal Proteins - metabolism ; Salinity ; Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Skin ; small-colony variants ; Sodium chloride ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus aureus - growth & development ; Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism ; temperature ; Wounds ; Wounds and Injuries - microbiology ; Wounds and Injuries - pathology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-07, Vol.11 (7), p.e0159662-e0159662</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Alreshidi et al. 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metabolism</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Science & Technology - Other Topics</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>small-colony variants</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus - growth & development</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism</subject><subject>temperature</subject><subject>Wounds</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - microbiology</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - pathology</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk9tu1DAQhiMEolB4AwSWkBBc7OLEOTg3SKsVtJUqFbVQLi3HniSusnbwoaWvxtPhdLdVg3pR-cLJ5Pt_T8YzSfImxcuUVOnnCxOs5sNyNBqWOC3qssyeJC_SmmSLMsPk6b3nveSlcxcYF4SW5fNkL6vyPMNZ9iL5u-657sAhpZHvAa2vvRkH7jZKoLXZjMYpr4xGpkWrjdIGrYSSDnEt0XdrPCjt0EnjwF6CnDzOPB_768EII0SIXLAQNxms0h06sObK9yhoCRadc6t4M8BtdG20vDnLoVMYLTjQnnt1CdPZU2qHYcM1-mWiHJ0pD6-SZy0fHLze7fvJz29ff6wPF8cnB0fr1fFCVCXxC0Io5mVKZUU5Ibhp41sm2wpoSQk0QMq2jkHAwGUjRNO2tKEtp21cqYSM7Cfvtr7jYBzbld2xlOIS06KIh-wnR1tCGn7BRqs23F4zwxW7CRjbMW69EgOwsiK8oRnOG1nkDaZcSBwzaGglU0loEb0WWy93BWNoZm5dGFkMdYE5YFmeUUIi_2WXXWg2IEWsmuXDTDb_olXPOnPJ8rooSZZHg487A2t-B3CebZQTMAxcgwnTf6YppTXB1SNQXOaE0nRyff8f-nDhdlTHY22Ubk1MUUymbJUXtKa4LnGklg9QcUmIbRrbv1UxPhN8mgki4-GP73hwjh2dnT6ePTmfsx_usT3wwffODOGma-dgvgWFNc5ZaO_uI8Vsmt7barBpetlueqPs7f27vBPdjiv5B35FRHM</recordid><startdate>20160721</startdate><enddate>20160721</enddate><creator>Alreshidi, Mousa M</creator><creator>Dunstan, R Hugh</creator><creator>Gottfries, Johan</creator><creator>Macdonald, Margaret M</creator><creator>Crompton, Marcus J</creator><creator>Ang, Ching-Seng</creator><creator>Williamson, Nicholas A</creator><creator>Roberts, Tim K</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>F1U</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160721</creationdate><title>Changes in the Cytoplasmic Composition of Amino Acids and Proteins Observed in Staphylococcus aureus during Growth under Variable Growth Conditions Representative of the Human Wound Site</title><author>Alreshidi, Mousa M ; Dunstan, R Hugh ; Gottfries, Johan ; Macdonald, Margaret M ; Crompton, Marcus J ; Ang, Ching-Seng ; Williamson, Nicholas A ; Roberts, Tim K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c763t-3380a618d78a330bf0a62df7e8683ebe36f9bf0e0eadbccbff8b8fa8f8f81de23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Amino acid composition</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Amino Acids - 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This study was conducted to assess the bacterial responses in the cytoplasmic composition of amino acids and ribosomal proteins under various environmental conditions designed to mimic those on the human skin or within a wound site: pH6-8, temperature 35-37°C, and additional 0-5% NaCl. It was found that each set of environmental conditions elicited substantial adjustments in cytoplasmic levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, alanine and glycine (P< 0.05). These alterations generated characteristic amino acid profiles assessed by principle component analysis (PCA). Substantial alterations in cytoplasmic amino acid and protein composition occurred during growth under conditions of higher salinity stress implemented via additional levels of NaCl in the growth medium. The cells responded to additional NaCl at pH 6 by reducing levels of ribosomal proteins, whereas at pH 8 there was an upregulation of ribosomal proteins compared with the reference control. The levels of two ribosomal proteins, L32 and S19, remained constant across all experimental conditions. The data supported the hypothesis that the bacterium was continually responding to the dynamic environment by modifying the proteome and optimising metabolic homeostasis.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27442022</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0159662</doi><tpages>e0159662</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1806085576 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Alanine Amino acid composition Amino acids Amino Acids - metabolism Aspartic acid Bacteria Bacterial proteins Biological Sciences Biologiska vetenskaper Biology Biology and Life Sciences Cytoplasm - metabolism Encyclopedias Environmental conditions escherichia-coli Fourier transforms Genetic aspects Glutamic acid Glycine Growth Growth conditions Health aspects Homeostasis Humans Information technology Life sciences Listeria Listeria monocytogenes Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolism metabolome Nosocomial infection Opportunist infection osmoregulation osmotic-stress pH effects Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Principal Component Analysis Principal components analysis Proline Protein composition Proteins Proteomes proteomic analysis Reference Standards Research and Analysis Methods responses Ribosomal proteins Ribosomal Proteins - metabolism Salinity Science & Technology - Other Topics Skin small-colony variants Sodium chloride Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus - growth & development Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism temperature Wounds Wounds and Injuries - microbiology Wounds and Injuries - pathology |
| title | Changes in the Cytoplasmic Composition of Amino Acids and Proteins Observed in Staphylococcus aureus during Growth under Variable Growth Conditions Representative of the Human Wound Site |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-04T10%3A36%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Changes%20in%20the%20Cytoplasmic%20Composition%20of%20Amino%20Acids%20and%20Proteins%20Observed%20in%20Staphylococcus%20aureus%20during%20Growth%20under%20Variable%20Growth%20Conditions%20Representative%20of%20the%20Human%20Wound%20Site&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Alreshidi,%20Mousa%20M&rft.date=2016-07-21&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0159662&rft.epage=e0159662&rft.pages=e0159662-e0159662&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0159662&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA458980960%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1806085576&rft_id=info:pmid/27442022&rft_galeid=A458980960&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_673ab8204bd54b08acd036fb87d1d385&rfr_iscdi=true |