No Acute Effects of Choline Bitartrate Food Supplements on Memory in Healthy, Young, Human Adults
Choline is a dietary component and precursor of acetylcholine, a crucial neurotransmitter for memory-related brain functions. In two double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over experiments, we investigated whether the food supplement choline bitartrate improved declarative memory and working memory...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0157714-e0157714 |
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| creator | Lippelt, D P van der Kint, S van Herk, K Naber, M |
| description | Choline is a dietary component and precursor of acetylcholine, a crucial neurotransmitter for memory-related brain functions. In two double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over experiments, we investigated whether the food supplement choline bitartrate improved declarative memory and working memory in healthy, young students one to two hours after supplementation. In experiment 1, 28 participants performed a visuospatial working memory task. In experiment 2, 26 participants performed a declarative picture memorization task. In experiment 3, 40 participants performed a verbal working memory task in addition to the visuospatial working memory and declarative picture task. All tasks were conducted approximately 60 minutes after the ingestion of 2.0-2.5g of either choline bitartrate or placebo. We found that choline did not significantly enhance memory performance during any of the tasks. The null hypothesis that choline does not improve memory performance as compared to placebo was strongly supported by Bayesian statistics. These results are in contrast with animal studies suggesting that choline supplementation boosts memory performance and learning. We conclude that choline likely has no acute effects on cholinergic memory functions in healthy human participants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0157714 |
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In two double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over experiments, we investigated whether the food supplement choline bitartrate improved declarative memory and working memory in healthy, young students one to two hours after supplementation. In experiment 1, 28 participants performed a visuospatial working memory task. In experiment 2, 26 participants performed a declarative picture memorization task. In experiment 3, 40 participants performed a verbal working memory task in addition to the visuospatial working memory and declarative picture task. All tasks were conducted approximately 60 minutes after the ingestion of 2.0-2.5g of either choline bitartrate or placebo. We found that choline did not significantly enhance memory performance during any of the tasks. The null hypothesis that choline does not improve memory performance as compared to placebo was strongly supported by Bayesian statistics. These results are in contrast with animal studies suggesting that choline supplementation boosts memory performance and learning. We conclude that choline likely has no acute effects on cholinergic memory functions in healthy human participants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157714</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27341028</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acetylcholine ; Acute effects ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Analysis ; Animal cognition ; Bayesian analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brain ; Brain research ; Caffeine ; Choline ; Choline - administration & dosage ; Choline - adverse effects ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive psychology ; Dementia ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Evaluation ; Experiments ; Female ; Humans ; Ingestion ; Language ; Learning ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Memory ; Memory - drug effects ; Memory, Short-Term - drug effects ; Mental task performance ; Null hypothesis ; Nutrition research ; Older people ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Public Health Surveillance ; Short term memory ; Spatial memory ; Studies ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0157714-e0157714</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Lippelt et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Lippelt et al 2016 Lippelt et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-b92373ea14bbbdc3fca94f152d5a82923d08ebbb5b4f479082cd1493075843223</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-b92373ea14bbbdc3fca94f152d5a82923d08ebbb5b4f479082cd1493075843223</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4920398/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4920398/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27341028$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ito, Etsuro</contributor><creatorcontrib>Lippelt, D P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Kint, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Herk, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naber, M</creatorcontrib><title>No Acute Effects of Choline Bitartrate Food Supplements on Memory in Healthy, Young, Human Adults</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Choline is a dietary component and precursor of acetylcholine, a crucial neurotransmitter for memory-related brain functions. In two double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over experiments, we investigated whether the food supplement choline bitartrate improved declarative memory and working memory in healthy, young students one to two hours after supplementation. In experiment 1, 28 participants performed a visuospatial working memory task. In experiment 2, 26 participants performed a declarative picture memorization task. In experiment 3, 40 participants performed a verbal working memory task in addition to the visuospatial working memory and declarative picture task. All tasks were conducted approximately 60 minutes after the ingestion of 2.0-2.5g of either choline bitartrate or placebo. We found that choline did not significantly enhance memory performance during any of the tasks. The null hypothesis that choline does not improve memory performance as compared to placebo was strongly supported by Bayesian statistics. These results are in contrast with animal studies suggesting that choline supplementation boosts memory performance and learning. We conclude that choline likely has no acute effects on cholinergic memory functions in healthy human participants.</description><subject>Acetylcholine</subject><subject>Acute effects</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animal cognition</subject><subject>Bayesian analysis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain research</subject><subject>Caffeine</subject><subject>Choline</subject><subject>Choline - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Choline - adverse effects</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cognitive psychology</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ingestion</subject><subject>Language</subject><subject>Learning</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Memory - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lippelt, D P</au><au>van der Kint, S</au><au>van Herk, K</au><au>Naber, M</au><au>Ito, Etsuro</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>No Acute Effects of Choline Bitartrate Food Supplements on Memory in Healthy, Young, Human Adults</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-06-24</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0157714</spage><epage>e0157714</epage><pages>e0157714-e0157714</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Choline is a dietary component and precursor of acetylcholine, a crucial neurotransmitter for memory-related brain functions. In two double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over experiments, we investigated whether the food supplement choline bitartrate improved declarative memory and working memory in healthy, young students one to two hours after supplementation. In experiment 1, 28 participants performed a visuospatial working memory task. In experiment 2, 26 participants performed a declarative picture memorization task. In experiment 3, 40 participants performed a verbal working memory task in addition to the visuospatial working memory and declarative picture task. All tasks were conducted approximately 60 minutes after the ingestion of 2.0-2.5g of either choline bitartrate or placebo. We found that choline did not significantly enhance memory performance during any of the tasks. The null hypothesis that choline does not improve memory performance as compared to placebo was strongly supported by Bayesian statistics. These results are in contrast with animal studies suggesting that choline supplementation boosts memory performance and learning. We conclude that choline likely has no acute effects on cholinergic memory functions in healthy human participants.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27341028</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0157714</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acetylcholine Acute effects Adolescent Adult Adults Analysis Animal cognition Bayesian analysis Biology and Life Sciences Brain Brain research Caffeine Choline Choline - administration & dosage Choline - adverse effects Cognitive ability Cognitive psychology Dementia Diet Dietary Supplements Evaluation Experiments Female Humans Ingestion Language Learning Male Medicine and Health Sciences Memory Memory - drug effects Memory, Short-Term - drug effects Mental task performance Null hypothesis Nutrition research Older people Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Physiology Public Health Surveillance Short term memory Spatial memory Studies Young Adult |
| title | No Acute Effects of Choline Bitartrate Food Supplements on Memory in Healthy, Young, Human Adults |
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