Increase in the Prevalence of Resistance Determinants to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in China
This study was carried to reveal the genetic mechanisms of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistance. Among 300 clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from China, resistance determinants such as sul and dfrA genes, integrons and transposase were examined using PCR, DNA sequencing and th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0157693-e0157693 |
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| creator | Hu, Li-Fen Chen, Guo-Sheng Kong, Qin-Xiang Gao, Li-Ping Chen, Xi Ye, Ying Li, Jia-Bin |
| description | This study was carried to reveal the genetic mechanisms of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistance.
Among 300 clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from China, resistance determinants such as sul and dfrA genes, integrons and transposase were examined using PCR, DNA sequencing and thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.
Of the 300 isolates, 116 (38.7%) were resistant to SXT. An alarming trend of increased resistance to SXT were found over the 10-year period. The positive rates of sul and class 1 integrase (intI1) increased gradually with the development of SXT resistance over the 10-year period. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the genes of qacEΔ1-sul1 (81% vs 46.2%, p = 0.000), sul2 (50.9% vs 9.8%, p = 0.000), intI1 (83.6% vs 65.8%, p = 0.000), dfrA12 (25% vs 3.3%, p = 0.000), dfrA17 (15.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.000) and dfrA27 (4.3% vs 1.6%, p = 0.01) were more prevalent in SXT-resistant isolates than SXT-susceptible isolates except dfrA1(p = 0.83) and dfrA5(p = 0.18). Sequencing data revealed 12 types of resistance gene cassettes (aar-3-dfrA27, dfrA12-aadA2, dfrA17-aadA5, cmlA1, aacA4, aadA5, arr-3-aacA4, aadA1, aadB-aadA4, aacA4-catB8-aadA1, aadB-aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8 and aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8) located in the class 1 integron in 163 isolates (87% SXT-resistant vs 33.7% SXT-susceptible isolates, p = 0.000). A novel finding was the aar-3-dfrA27 (KC748137) gene cassette. The gene of sul2 linked to transposase in 50 SXT- resistant and 7 SXT- susceptible isolates was detected by TAIL-PCR.
The findings demonstrated a higher prevalence of sul, dfrA, intI1 and resistance gene cassettes in class 1 integron in SXT-resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates in China. The sul1 and dfrA genes located in integrons and the sul2 linked to transposase may imply wide and rapid dissemination of resistance gene in bacteria. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0157693 |
| format | Article |
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Among 300 clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from China, resistance determinants such as sul and dfrA genes, integrons and transposase were examined using PCR, DNA sequencing and thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.
Of the 300 isolates, 116 (38.7%) were resistant to SXT. An alarming trend of increased resistance to SXT were found over the 10-year period. The positive rates of sul and class 1 integrase (intI1) increased gradually with the development of SXT resistance over the 10-year period. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the genes of qacEΔ1-sul1 (81% vs 46.2%, p = 0.000), sul2 (50.9% vs 9.8%, p = 0.000), intI1 (83.6% vs 65.8%, p = 0.000), dfrA12 (25% vs 3.3%, p = 0.000), dfrA17 (15.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.000) and dfrA27 (4.3% vs 1.6%, p = 0.01) were more prevalent in SXT-resistant isolates than SXT-susceptible isolates except dfrA1(p = 0.83) and dfrA5(p = 0.18). Sequencing data revealed 12 types of resistance gene cassettes (aar-3-dfrA27, dfrA12-aadA2, dfrA17-aadA5, cmlA1, aacA4, aadA5, arr-3-aacA4, aadA1, aadB-aadA4, aacA4-catB8-aadA1, aadB-aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8 and aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8) located in the class 1 integron in 163 isolates (87% SXT-resistant vs 33.7% SXT-susceptible isolates, p = 0.000). A novel finding was the aar-3-dfrA27 (KC748137) gene cassette. The gene of sul2 linked to transposase in 50 SXT- resistant and 7 SXT- susceptible isolates was detected by TAIL-PCR.
The findings demonstrated a higher prevalence of sul, dfrA, intI1 and resistance gene cassettes in class 1 integron in SXT-resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates in China. The sul1 and dfrA genes located in integrons and the sul2 linked to transposase may imply wide and rapid dissemination of resistance gene in bacteria.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157693</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27310255</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Antibiotics ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacterial Proteins - genetics ; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cassettes ; China - epidemiology ; Data processing ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA sequencing ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics ; E coli ; Escherichia coli ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genomes ; Genotype ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - drug therapy ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - epidemiology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Integrase ; Integrases - genetics ; Integrases - metabolism ; Integrons ; Laboratories ; Logistic Models ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Prevalence ; Quality control ; Regression analysis ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - classification ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - drug effects ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - genetics ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - isolation & purification ; Sulfamethoxazole ; Surveillance ; Transposase ; Transposases - genetics ; Transposases - metabolism ; Trimethoprim ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0157693-e0157693</ispartof><rights>2016 Hu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Hu et al 2016 Hu et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c559t-9bfd6709830a51b1f81a8a2e25553e43a470c67c0aa03117ba62dbd707a1b3163</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c559t-9bfd6709830a51b1f81a8a2e25553e43a470c67c0aa03117ba62dbd707a1b3163</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4911037/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4911037/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27310255$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Hozbor, Daniela Flavia</contributor><creatorcontrib>Hu, Li-Fen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Guo-Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kong, Qin-Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Li-Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ye, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jia-Bin</creatorcontrib><title>Increase in the Prevalence of Resistance Determinants to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in China</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>This study was carried to reveal the genetic mechanisms of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistance.
Among 300 clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from China, resistance determinants such as sul and dfrA genes, integrons and transposase were examined using PCR, DNA sequencing and thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.
Of the 300 isolates, 116 (38.7%) were resistant to SXT. An alarming trend of increased resistance to SXT were found over the 10-year period. The positive rates of sul and class 1 integrase (intI1) increased gradually with the development of SXT resistance over the 10-year period. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the genes of qacEΔ1-sul1 (81% vs 46.2%, p = 0.000), sul2 (50.9% vs 9.8%, p = 0.000), intI1 (83.6% vs 65.8%, p = 0.000), dfrA12 (25% vs 3.3%, p = 0.000), dfrA17 (15.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.000) and dfrA27 (4.3% vs 1.6%, p = 0.01) were more prevalent in SXT-resistant isolates than SXT-susceptible isolates except dfrA1(p = 0.83) and dfrA5(p = 0.18). Sequencing data revealed 12 types of resistance gene cassettes (aar-3-dfrA27, dfrA12-aadA2, dfrA17-aadA5, cmlA1, aacA4, aadA5, arr-3-aacA4, aadA1, aadB-aadA4, aacA4-catB8-aadA1, aadB-aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8 and aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8) located in the class 1 integron in 163 isolates (87% SXT-resistant vs 33.7% SXT-susceptible isolates, p = 0.000). A novel finding was the aar-3-dfrA27 (KC748137) gene cassette. The gene of sul2 linked to transposase in 50 SXT- resistant and 7 SXT- susceptible isolates was detected by TAIL-PCR.
The findings demonstrated a higher prevalence of sul, dfrA, intI1 and resistance gene cassettes in class 1 integron in SXT-resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates in China. The sul1 and dfrA genes located in integrons and the sul2 linked to transposase may imply wide and rapid dissemination of resistance gene in bacteria.</description><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cassettes</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA sequencing</subject><subject>Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - drug therapy</subject><subject>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Integrase</subject><subject>Integrases - genetics</subject><subject>Integrases - metabolism</subject><subject>Integrons</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</subject><subject>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - classification</subject><subject>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - drug effects</subject><subject>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - genetics</subject><subject>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Sulfamethoxazole</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>Transposase</subject><subject>Transposases - genetics</subject><subject>Transposases - metabolism</subject><subject>Trimethoprim</subject><subject>Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - pharmacology</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUl1rFDEUHUSxtfoPRAd88WW3yWQySV4EWb8WCoqtz-FO9k43SyZZk2yx_Rf-Y7MfLa0IPt3c5JyTey6nql5SMqVM0NNV2EQPbroOHqeEctEp9qg6poo1k64h7PG981H1LKUVIZzJrntaHTWCUdJwflz9nnsTERLW1td5ifW3iFfg0Busw1B_x2RThm33ATPG0XrwOdU51BfRjpiXYV3q6fnGDbBrf8FNcDu1mbPeGnD1eUYfcgzrZRiDh1SP4HLprLNQz1NwkDHtGMsi_7x6MoBL-OJQT6ofnz5ezL5Mzr5-ns_en00M5ypPVD8sOkGUZAQ47ekgKUhosLjiDFsGrSCmE4YAEEap6KFrFv1CEAG0Z7RjJ9Xrve7ahaQP20yaCiU4J4q0BTHfIxYBVnrrE-K1DmD17iLESw0xW-NQt4wx0ivZKRha6KE3jAIRPUWjWjn0Revd4bdNP-LCoM8R3APRhy_eLvVluNKtopQwUQTeHgRi-LnBlPVok0HnwGPYlLklkR1rGiL_Dy0WpZBM8QJ98xf034to9ygTQ0oRh7u5KdHbMN6y9DaM-hDGQnt13_Md6TZ97A9I8uBZ</recordid><startdate>20160601</startdate><enddate>20160601</enddate><creator>Hu, Li-Fen</creator><creator>Chen, Guo-Sheng</creator><creator>Kong, Qin-Xiang</creator><creator>Gao, Li-Ping</creator><creator>Chen, Xi</creator><creator>Ye, Ying</creator><creator>Li, Jia-Bin</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160601</creationdate><title>Increase in the Prevalence of Resistance Determinants to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in China</title><author>Hu, Li-Fen ; Chen, Guo-Sheng ; Kong, Qin-Xiang ; Gao, Li-Ping ; Chen, Xi ; Ye, Ying ; Li, Jia-Bin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c559t-9bfd6709830a51b1f81a8a2e25553e43a470c67c0aa03117ba62dbd707a1b3163</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cassettes</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA sequencing</topic><topic>Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial</topic><topic>Gene sequencing</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - drug therapy</topic><topic>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Integrase</topic><topic>Integrases - genetics</topic><topic>Integrases - metabolism</topic><topic>Integrons</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>People and Places</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Quality control</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</topic><topic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - classification</topic><topic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - drug effects</topic><topic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - genetics</topic><topic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Sulfamethoxazole</topic><topic>Surveillance</topic><topic>Transposase</topic><topic>Transposases - genetics</topic><topic>Transposases - metabolism</topic><topic>Trimethoprim</topic><topic>Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hu, Li-Fen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Guo-Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kong, Qin-Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Li-Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ye, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jia-Bin</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hu, Li-Fen</au><au>Chen, Guo-Sheng</au><au>Kong, Qin-Xiang</au><au>Gao, Li-Ping</au><au>Chen, Xi</au><au>Ye, Ying</au><au>Li, Jia-Bin</au><au>Hozbor, Daniela Flavia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increase in the Prevalence of Resistance Determinants to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in China</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-06-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0157693</spage><epage>e0157693</epage><pages>e0157693-e0157693</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study was carried to reveal the genetic mechanisms of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistance.
Among 300 clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from China, resistance determinants such as sul and dfrA genes, integrons and transposase were examined using PCR, DNA sequencing and thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.
Of the 300 isolates, 116 (38.7%) were resistant to SXT. An alarming trend of increased resistance to SXT were found over the 10-year period. The positive rates of sul and class 1 integrase (intI1) increased gradually with the development of SXT resistance over the 10-year period. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the genes of qacEΔ1-sul1 (81% vs 46.2%, p = 0.000), sul2 (50.9% vs 9.8%, p = 0.000), intI1 (83.6% vs 65.8%, p = 0.000), dfrA12 (25% vs 3.3%, p = 0.000), dfrA17 (15.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.000) and dfrA27 (4.3% vs 1.6%, p = 0.01) were more prevalent in SXT-resistant isolates than SXT-susceptible isolates except dfrA1(p = 0.83) and dfrA5(p = 0.18). Sequencing data revealed 12 types of resistance gene cassettes (aar-3-dfrA27, dfrA12-aadA2, dfrA17-aadA5, cmlA1, aacA4, aadA5, arr-3-aacA4, aadA1, aadB-aadA4, aacA4-catB8-aadA1, aadB-aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8 and aac(6')-II-blaCARB-8) located in the class 1 integron in 163 isolates (87% SXT-resistant vs 33.7% SXT-susceptible isolates, p = 0.000). A novel finding was the aar-3-dfrA27 (KC748137) gene cassette. The gene of sul2 linked to transposase in 50 SXT- resistant and 7 SXT- susceptible isolates was detected by TAIL-PCR.
The findings demonstrated a higher prevalence of sul, dfrA, intI1 and resistance gene cassettes in class 1 integron in SXT-resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates in China. The sul1 and dfrA genes located in integrons and the sul2 linked to transposase may imply wide and rapid dissemination of resistance gene in bacteria.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27310255</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0157693</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0157693-e0157693 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1797550904 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibiotics Antimicrobial agents Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Biology and Life Sciences Cassettes China - epidemiology Data processing Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA sequencing Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics E coli Escherichia coli Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Gene sequencing Genes Genomes Genotype Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - drug therapy Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - epidemiology Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology Hospitals Humans Infections Infectious diseases Integrase Integrases - genetics Integrases - metabolism Integrons Laboratories Logistic Models Medicine and Health Sciences Microbial Sensitivity Tests People and Places Physical Sciences Polymerase chain reaction Prevalence Quality control Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Sequence Analysis, DNA Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - classification Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - drug effects Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - genetics Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - isolation & purification Sulfamethoxazole Surveillance Transposase Transposases - genetics Transposases - metabolism Trimethoprim Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - pharmacology |
| title | Increase in the Prevalence of Resistance Determinants to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in China |
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