Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses
Hendra virus (HeV) is an important emergent virus in Australia known to infect horses and humans in certain regions of the east coast. Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a...
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| creator | Burroughs, A L Durr, P A Boyd, V Graham, K White, J R Todd, S Barr, J Smith, I Baverstock, G Meers, J Crameri, G Wang, L-F |
| description | Hendra virus (HeV) is an important emergent virus in Australia known to infect horses and humans in certain regions of the east coast. Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a source of ongoing debate, particularly as shared roosting is common. To help resolve this, we sampled a colony consisting of just one of these species, the grey-headed flying fox, (Pteropus poliocephalus), at the southernmost extent of its range. Using the pooled urine sampling technique at approximately weekly intervals over a two year period, we determined the prevalence of HeV and related paramyxoviruses using a novel multiplex (Luminex) platform. Whilst all the pooled urine samples were negative for HeV nucleic acid, we successfully identified four other paramyxoviruses, including Cedar virus; a henipavirus closely related to HeV. Collection of serum from individually caught bats from the colony showed that antibodies to HeV, as estimated by a serological Luminex assay, were present in between 14.6% and 44.5% of animals. The wide range of the estimate reflects uncertainties in interpreting intermediate results. Interpreting the study in the context of HeV studies from states to the north, we add support for an arising consensus that it is the black flying fox and not the grey-headed flying fox that is the principal source of HeV in spillover events to horses. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0155252 |
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Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a source of ongoing debate, particularly as shared roosting is common. To help resolve this, we sampled a colony consisting of just one of these species, the grey-headed flying fox, (Pteropus poliocephalus), at the southernmost extent of its range. Using the pooled urine sampling technique at approximately weekly intervals over a two year period, we determined the prevalence of HeV and related paramyxoviruses using a novel multiplex (Luminex) platform. Whilst all the pooled urine samples were negative for HeV nucleic acid, we successfully identified four other paramyxoviruses, including Cedar virus; a henipavirus closely related to HeV. Collection of serum from individually caught bats from the colony showed that antibodies to HeV, as estimated by a serological Luminex assay, were present in between 14.6% and 44.5% of animals. The wide range of the estimate reflects uncertainties in interpreting intermediate results. Interpreting the study in the context of HeV studies from states to the north, we add support for an arising consensus that it is the black flying fox and not the grey-headed flying fox that is the principal source of HeV in spillover events to horses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155252</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27304985</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; Antibodies, Viral - immunology ; Antibodies, Viral - urine ; Australia - epidemiology ; Bats ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cedar ; Chiroptera ; Chiroptera - virology ; Colonies ; Disease ; Disease Reservoirs - virology ; Endangered & extinct species ; Genomes ; Geography ; Hendra virus ; Hendra Virus - immunology ; Hendra Virus - physiology ; Henipavirus Infections - epidemiology ; Henipavirus Infections - transmission ; Henipavirus Infections - virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; Horse Diseases - virology ; Horses ; Horses - virology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Industrial research ; Infections ; Laboratories ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Multiplexing ; Paramyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology ; Paramyxoviridae Infections - transmission ; Paramyxoviridae Infections - virology ; Paramyxovirinae - immunology ; Paramyxovirinae - physiology ; Prevalence ; Pteropus ; Pteropus alecto ; Pteropus poliocephalus ; Sampling techniques ; Seasons ; Species ; Time Factors ; Urine ; Viruses ; Zoonoses ; Zoonoses - virology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-06, Vol.11 (6), p.e0155252-e0155252</ispartof><rights>2016 Burroughs et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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epidemiology</subject><subject>Henipavirus Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Henipavirus Infections - virology</subject><subject>Hepatitis E virus</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Horses - virology</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interactions</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Industrial research</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Multiplexing</subject><subject>Paramyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Paramyxoviridae Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Paramyxoviridae Infections - virology</subject><subject>Paramyxovirinae - immunology</subject><subject>Paramyxovirinae - physiology</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Pteropus</subject><subject>Pteropus alecto</subject><subject>Pteropus poliocephalus</subject><subject>Sampling techniques</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Urine</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><subject>Zoonoses - 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Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a source of ongoing debate, particularly as shared roosting is common. To help resolve this, we sampled a colony consisting of just one of these species, the grey-headed flying fox, (Pteropus poliocephalus), at the southernmost extent of its range. Using the pooled urine sampling technique at approximately weekly intervals over a two year period, we determined the prevalence of HeV and related paramyxoviruses using a novel multiplex (Luminex) platform. Whilst all the pooled urine samples were negative for HeV nucleic acid, we successfully identified four other paramyxoviruses, including Cedar virus; a henipavirus closely related to HeV. Collection of serum from individually caught bats from the colony showed that antibodies to HeV, as estimated by a serological Luminex assay, were present in between 14.6% and 44.5% of animals. The wide range of the estimate reflects uncertainties in interpreting intermediate results. Interpreting the study in the context of HeV studies from states to the north, we add support for an arising consensus that it is the black flying fox and not the grey-headed flying fox that is the principal source of HeV in spillover events to horses.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27304985</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0155252</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1797237835 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Antibodies Antibodies, Viral - blood Antibodies, Viral - immunology Antibodies, Viral - urine Australia - epidemiology Bats Biology and Life Sciences Cedar Chiroptera Chiroptera - virology Colonies Disease Disease Reservoirs - virology Endangered & extinct species Genomes Geography Hendra virus Hendra Virus - immunology Hendra Virus - physiology Henipavirus Infections - epidemiology Henipavirus Infections - transmission Henipavirus Infections - virology Hepatitis E virus Horse Diseases - virology Horses Horses - virology Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Industrial research Infections Laboratories Medicine and Health Sciences Multiplexing Paramyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology Paramyxoviridae Infections - transmission Paramyxoviridae Infections - virology Paramyxovirinae - immunology Paramyxovirinae - physiology Prevalence Pteropus Pteropus alecto Pteropus poliocephalus Sampling techniques Seasons Species Time Factors Urine Viruses Zoonoses Zoonoses - virology |
| title | Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T23%3A57%3A52IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hendra%20Virus%20Infection%20Dynamics%20in%20the%20Grey-Headed%20Flying%20Fox%20(Pteropus%20poliocephalus)%20at%20the%20Southern-Most%20Extent%20of%20Its%20Range:%20Further%20Evidence%20This%20Species%20Does%20Not%20Readily%20Transmit%20the%20Virus%20to%20Horses&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Burroughs,%20A%20L&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0155252&rft.epage=e0155252&rft.pages=e0155252-e0155252&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155252&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_plos_%3E4090425651%3C/proquest_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1797237835&rft_id=info:pmid/27304985&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_ad5400ca15e8419fb8c9a1b27451e7e1&rfr_iscdi=true |