Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences
Consumers are living longer, creating more pressure on the health system and increasing their requirement for self-care of chronic conditions. Despite rapidly-increasing numbers of mobile health applications ('apps') for consumers' self-care, there is a paucity of research into consum...
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description | Consumers are living longer, creating more pressure on the health system and increasing their requirement for self-care of chronic conditions. Despite rapidly-increasing numbers of mobile health applications ('apps') for consumers' self-care, there is a paucity of research into consumer engagement with electronic self-monitoring. This paper presents a qualitative exploration of how health consumers use apps for health monitoring, their perceived benefits from use of health apps, and suggestions for improvement of health apps.
'Health app' was defined as any commercially-available health or fitness app with capacity for self-monitoring. English-speaking consumers aged 18 years and older using any health app for self-monitoring were recruited for interview from the metropolitan area of Perth, Australia. The semi-structured interview guide comprised questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Health Information Technology Acceptance Model, and the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and is the only study to do so. These models also facilitated deductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Implicit and explicit responses not aligned to these models were analyzed inductively.
Twenty-two consumers (15 female, seven male) participated, 13 of whom were aged 26-35 years. Eighteen participants reported on apps used on iPhones. Apps were used to monitor diabetes, asthma, depression, celiac disease, blood pressure, chronic migraine, pain management, menstrual cycle irregularity, and fitness. Most were used approximately weekly for several minutes per session, and prior to meeting initial milestones, with significantly decreased usage thereafter. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis reduced the data to four dominant themes: engagement in use of the app; technical functionality of the app; ease of use and design features; and management of consumers' data.
The semi-structured interviews provided insight into usage, benefits and challenges of health monitoring using apps. Understanding the range of consumer experiences and expectations can inform design of health apps to encourage persistence in self-monitoring. |
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'Health app' was defined as any commercially-available health or fitness app with capacity for self-monitoring. English-speaking consumers aged 18 years and older using any health app for self-monitoring were recruited for interview from the metropolitan area of Perth, Australia. The semi-structured interview guide comprised questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Health Information Technology Acceptance Model, and the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and is the only study to do so. These models also facilitated deductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Implicit and explicit responses not aligned to these models were analyzed inductively.
Twenty-two consumers (15 female, seven male) participated, 13 of whom were aged 26-35 years. Eighteen participants reported on apps used on iPhones. Apps were used to monitor diabetes, asthma, depression, celiac disease, blood pressure, chronic migraine, pain management, menstrual cycle irregularity, and fitness. Most were used approximately weekly for several minutes per session, and prior to meeting initial milestones, with significantly decreased usage thereafter. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis reduced the data to four dominant themes: engagement in use of the app; technical functionality of the app; ease of use and design features; and management of consumers' data.
The semi-structured interviews provided insight into usage, benefits and challenges of health monitoring using apps. Understanding the range of consumer experiences and expectations can inform design of health apps to encourage persistence in self-monitoring.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156164</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27214203</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Activities of daily living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Applications programs ; Asthma ; Autoimmune diseases ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blood pressure ; Celiac disease ; Cell Phone ; Chronic conditions ; Chronic Disease - therapy ; Chronic illnesses ; Chronic pain ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Consumer Behavior ; Consumers ; Data processing ; Design ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Disease control ; Engineering and Technology ; Feasibility studies ; Female ; Fitness ; Headache ; Health ; Humans ; Information technology ; Internet ; Intervention ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Menstrual cycle ; Mental depression ; Methods ; Metropolitan areas ; Middle Aged ; Migraine ; Mobile Applications ; Mobile computing ; Monitoring ; Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation ; Monitoring, Physiologic - methods ; Pain ; Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data ; Pharmacy ; Physical fitness ; Qualitative research ; Researchers ; Self care (Health) ; Self Care - instrumentation ; Self Care - methods ; Smartphones ; Technology ; Technology Acceptance Model ; Technology utilization ; Telemedicine - instrumentation ; Telemedicine - methods ; Usability ; User-Computer Interface ; Weight control ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-05, Vol.11 (5), p.e0156164-e0156164</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Anderson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Anderson et al 2016 Anderson et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-348842b738fde151293c723d355a81c7bad3b3cb20d0bf4494787b5c832d77183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-348842b738fde151293c723d355a81c7bad3b3cb20d0bf4494787b5c832d77183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4876999/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4876999/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27214203$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burford, Oksana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Emmerton, Lynne</creatorcontrib><title>Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Consumers are living longer, creating more pressure on the health system and increasing their requirement for self-care of chronic conditions. Despite rapidly-increasing numbers of mobile health applications ('apps') for consumers' self-care, there is a paucity of research into consumer engagement with electronic self-monitoring. This paper presents a qualitative exploration of how health consumers use apps for health monitoring, their perceived benefits from use of health apps, and suggestions for improvement of health apps.
'Health app' was defined as any commercially-available health or fitness app with capacity for self-monitoring. English-speaking consumers aged 18 years and older using any health app for self-monitoring were recruited for interview from the metropolitan area of Perth, Australia. The semi-structured interview guide comprised questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Health Information Technology Acceptance Model, and the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and is the only study to do so. These models also facilitated deductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Implicit and explicit responses not aligned to these models were analyzed inductively.
Twenty-two consumers (15 female, seven male) participated, 13 of whom were aged 26-35 years. Eighteen participants reported on apps used on iPhones. Apps were used to monitor diabetes, asthma, depression, celiac disease, blood pressure, chronic migraine, pain management, menstrual cycle irregularity, and fitness. Most were used approximately weekly for several minutes per session, and prior to meeting initial milestones, with significantly decreased usage thereafter. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis reduced the data to four dominant themes: engagement in use of the app; technical functionality of the app; ease of use and design features; and management of consumers' data.
The semi-structured interviews provided insight into usage, benefits and challenges of health monitoring using apps. Understanding the range of consumer experiences and expectations can inform design of health apps to encourage persistence in self-monitoring.</description><subject>Activities of daily living</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Applications programs</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Autoimmune diseases</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Celiac disease</subject><subject>Cell Phone</subject><subject>Chronic conditions</subject><subject>Chronic Disease - therapy</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Chronic pain</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Consumer Behavior</subject><subject>Consumers</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Design</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Engineering and Technology</subject><subject>Feasibility studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fitness</subject><subject>Headache</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information technology</subject><subject>Internet</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Interviews as Topic</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Menstrual cycle</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Metropolitan areas</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Migraine</subject><subject>Mobile Applications</subject><subject>Mobile computing</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation</subject><subject>Monitoring, Physiologic - methods</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Qualitative research</subject><subject>Researchers</subject><subject>Self care (Health)</subject><subject>Self Care - instrumentation</subject><subject>Self Care - methods</subject><subject>Smartphones</subject><subject>Technology</subject><subject>Technology Acceptance Model</subject><subject>Technology utilization</subject><subject>Telemedicine - instrumentation</subject><subject>Telemedicine - methods</subject><subject>Usability</subject><subject>User-Computer Interface</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1v0zAUhiMEYmPwDxBEQkJw0RJ_xQ4XSFW1sUpDE5RxaznOSevJjTM7mbZ_j9tmU4N2gXxh6_g57zk-fpPkLcqmiHD05dr1vlF22roGphliOcrps-QYFQRPcpyR5wfno-RVCNdZxojI85fJEeYY0Rg_TpY_XGkspOegbLdOZ20b0s6lZ0obazrVQboEW0_mysPXdJb-7NUubG7jRddX96mr06sAPj29a8EbaDSE18mLWtkAb4b9JLk6O_09P59cXH5fzGcXE82Z6CaECkFxyYmoK0AM4YJojklFGFMCaV6qipRElzirsrKmtKBc8JJpQXDFORLkJHm_122tC3KYR5CIF5koOMqLSCz2ROXUtWy92Sh_L50ychdwfiWV74y2IPOcAdKM54RgylCsojCgGhgXWVYLGrW-DdX6cgOVhqbzyo5ExzeNWcuVu5VU8Lwots18GgS8u-khdHJjggZrVQOu3_WNCEE5RxH98A_69OsGaqXiA0xTu1hXb0XljDJCWFFgHqnpE1RcFWyMjuap4_-PEz6PEiLTwV23Un0IcrH89f_s5Z8x-_GAXe8MF5ztO-OaMAbpHtTeheChfhwyyuTW-w_TkFvvy8H7Me3d4Qc9Jj2YnfwFLmP7cQ</recordid><startdate>20160523</startdate><enddate>20160523</enddate><creator>Anderson, Kevin</creator><creator>Burford, Oksana</creator><creator>Emmerton, Lynne</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160523</creationdate><title>Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences</title><author>Anderson, Kevin ; Burford, Oksana ; Emmerton, Lynne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-348842b738fde151293c723d355a81c7bad3b3cb20d0bf4494787b5c832d77183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Activities of daily living</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Applications programs</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Autoimmune diseases</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Celiac disease</topic><topic>Cell Phone</topic><topic>Chronic conditions</topic><topic>Chronic Disease - therapy</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Chronic pain</topic><topic>Computer and Information Sciences</topic><topic>Consumer Behavior</topic><topic>Consumers</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Design</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Engineering and Technology</topic><topic>Feasibility studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fitness</topic><topic>Headache</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Information technology</topic><topic>Internet</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>Interviews as Topic</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Menstrual cycle</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Metropolitan areas</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Migraine</topic><topic>Mobile Applications</topic><topic>Mobile computing</topic><topic>Monitoring</topic><topic>Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation</topic><topic>Monitoring, Physiologic - methods</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Qualitative research</topic><topic>Researchers</topic><topic>Self care (Health)</topic><topic>Self Care - instrumentation</topic><topic>Self Care - methods</topic><topic>Smartphones</topic><topic>Technology</topic><topic>Technology Acceptance Model</topic><topic>Technology utilization</topic><topic>Telemedicine - instrumentation</topic><topic>Telemedicine - methods</topic><topic>Usability</topic><topic>User-Computer Interface</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burford, Oksana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Emmerton, Lynne</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Anderson, Kevin</au><au>Burford, Oksana</au><au>Emmerton, Lynne</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-05-23</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0156164</spage><epage>e0156164</epage><pages>e0156164-e0156164</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Consumers are living longer, creating more pressure on the health system and increasing their requirement for self-care of chronic conditions. Despite rapidly-increasing numbers of mobile health applications ('apps') for consumers' self-care, there is a paucity of research into consumer engagement with electronic self-monitoring. This paper presents a qualitative exploration of how health consumers use apps for health monitoring, their perceived benefits from use of health apps, and suggestions for improvement of health apps.
'Health app' was defined as any commercially-available health or fitness app with capacity for self-monitoring. English-speaking consumers aged 18 years and older using any health app for self-monitoring were recruited for interview from the metropolitan area of Perth, Australia. The semi-structured interview guide comprised questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Health Information Technology Acceptance Model, and the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and is the only study to do so. These models also facilitated deductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Implicit and explicit responses not aligned to these models were analyzed inductively.
Twenty-two consumers (15 female, seven male) participated, 13 of whom were aged 26-35 years. Eighteen participants reported on apps used on iPhones. Apps were used to monitor diabetes, asthma, depression, celiac disease, blood pressure, chronic migraine, pain management, menstrual cycle irregularity, and fitness. Most were used approximately weekly for several minutes per session, and prior to meeting initial milestones, with significantly decreased usage thereafter. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis reduced the data to four dominant themes: engagement in use of the app; technical functionality of the app; ease of use and design features; and management of consumers' data.
The semi-structured interviews provided insight into usage, benefits and challenges of health monitoring using apps. Understanding the range of consumer experiences and expectations can inform design of health apps to encourage persistence in self-monitoring.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27214203</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0156164</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Activities of daily living Adolescent Adult Applications programs Asthma Autoimmune diseases Biology and Life Sciences Blood pressure Celiac disease Cell Phone Chronic conditions Chronic Disease - therapy Chronic illnesses Chronic pain Computer and Information Sciences Consumer Behavior Consumers Data processing Design Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Disease control Engineering and Technology Feasibility studies Female Fitness Headache Health Humans Information technology Internet Intervention Interviews as Topic Male Medicine and Health Sciences Menstrual cycle Mental depression Methods Metropolitan areas Middle Aged Migraine Mobile Applications Mobile computing Monitoring Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation Monitoring, Physiologic - methods Pain Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data Pharmacy Physical fitness Qualitative research Researchers Self care (Health) Self Care - instrumentation Self Care - methods Smartphones Technology Technology Acceptance Model Technology utilization Telemedicine - instrumentation Telemedicine - methods Usability User-Computer Interface Weight control Young Adult |
title | Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences |
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