Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23...
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| description | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. The differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involved in encoding components of metabolic pathways, The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most represented in metabolic pathways. In the transcriptome of purple pericarp in Gy115, most structural and regulatory genes biosynthesizing anthocyanin were identified, and had higher expression levels than in white pericarp. The largestunigene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gy115 was longer than the reference genes, which implies that high-throughput sequencing could isolate the genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tissues or organs with high anthocyanin content. Based on present and previous results, three unigenes of MYB gene on chromosome 7BL and three unigenes of MYC on chromosome 2AL were predicted as candidate genes for the purple grain trait. This article was the first to provide a systematic overview comparing the transcriptomes of purple and white pericarps in common wheat, which should be very valuable for identifying the key genes for the purple pericarp trait. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0155428 |
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Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. The differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involved in encoding components of metabolic pathways, The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most represented in metabolic pathways. In the transcriptome of purple pericarp in Gy115, most structural and regulatory genes biosynthesizing anthocyanin were identified, and had higher expression levels than in white pericarp. The largestunigene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gy115 was longer than the reference genes, which implies that high-throughput sequencing could isolate the genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tissues or organs with high anthocyanin content. Based on present and previous results, three unigenes of MYB gene on chromosome 7BL and three unigenes of MYC on chromosome 2AL were predicted as candidate genes for the purple grain trait. This article was the first to provide a systematic overview comparing the transcriptomes of purple and white pericarps in common wheat, which should be very valuable for identifying the key genes for the purple pericarp trait.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155428</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27171148</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agropyron ; Analysis ; Anthocyanins - biosynthesis ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biosynthesis ; Chromosome 7 ; Corn ; Cultivars ; DNA sequencing ; Endosperm - genetics ; Enzymes ; Evolution ; Flavonoids ; Flavonoids - biosynthesis ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Ontology ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetics ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Grain ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Laboratories ; Metabolic pathways ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; MYB gene ; Myc protein ; Next-generation sequencing ; Organs ; Oryza ; Pericarp ; Pigmentation - genetics ; Reference Standards ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rice ; Tissues ; Transcription (Genetics) ; Triticum - genetics ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-05, Vol.11 (5), p.e0155428-e0155428</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Liu et al 2016 Liu et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c9f203fe2724550e07fbb7c08739e73a8e94cdae6abd5915294f29168e5325953</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c9f203fe2724550e07fbb7c08739e73a8e94cdae6abd5915294f29168e5325953</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0531-6480</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4865117/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4865117/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27171148$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ma, Wujun</contributor><creatorcontrib>Liu, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shiming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Wenjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Dengcai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Baolong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Huaigang</creatorcontrib><title>Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. The differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involved in encoding components of metabolic pathways, The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most represented in metabolic pathways. In the transcriptome of purple pericarp in Gy115, most structural and regulatory genes biosynthesizing anthocyanin were identified, and had higher expression levels than in white pericarp. The largestunigene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gy115 was longer than the reference genes, which implies that high-throughput sequencing could isolate the genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tissues or organs with high anthocyanin content. Based on present and previous results, three unigenes of MYB gene on chromosome 7BL and three unigenes of MYC on chromosome 2AL were predicted as candidate genes for the purple grain trait. This article was the first to provide a systematic overview comparing the transcriptomes of purple and white pericarps in common wheat, which should be very valuable for identifying the key genes for the purple pericarp trait.</description><subject>Agropyron</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anthocyanins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biosynthesis</subject><subject>Chromosome 7</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>DNA sequencing</subject><subject>Endosperm - genetics</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Flavonoids - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Gene Ontology</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetic Association Studies</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Metabolic pathways</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Annotation</subject><subject>MYB gene</subject><subject>Myc protein</subject><subject>Next-generation sequencing</subject><subject>Organs</subject><subject>Oryza</subject><subject>Pericarp</subject><subject>Pigmentation - genetics</subject><subject>Reference Standards</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Tissues</subject><subject>Transcription (Genetics)</subject><subject>Triticum - genetics</subject><subject>Triticum aestivum</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1v0zAUhiMEYmPwDxBEQkLbRUv8Fcc3SFXFR6VKG1Dg0nLc49ZVEmd2MrF_j7tmU4N2gXzhI_s5r885fpPkNcqmiHD0Yed636hq2roGphlijOLiSXKKBMGTHGfk6VF8krwIYZdljBR5_jw5wRxxhGhxmnxbedUE7W3buRrSWVS8DTakzqRXvW8rSK_AW618G1LbpHNX165Jf29Bden5ytvO6r5OFYTO3sRgOb14mTwzqgrwatjPkp-fP63mXyfLyy-L-Ww50bnA3UQLEwszgDmmjGWQcVOWXGcFJwI4UQUIqtcKclWumUAMC2qwQHkBjGAmGDlL3h5028oFOUwjSMSLglGCCxqJxYFYO7WTrbe18rfSKSvvDpzfSOVjAxVIZjgYpQwtBabYKMFEAVpoxECXhmZR6-PwWl_WsNbQdF5VI9HxTWO3cuNuJC1yhhCPAueDgHfXfZyXrG3QUFWqAdff1S1obCsXEX33D_p4dwO1UbEB2xgX39V7UTmjjBCeYZRHavoIFdcaaqujdYyN56OEi1FCZDr4021UH4Jc_Pj-_-zlrzH7_oiN_qm6bXBV31nXhDFID6D2LgQP5mHIKJN7599PQ-6dLwfnx7Q3xx_0kHRvdfIXRi_86A</recordid><startdate>20160512</startdate><enddate>20160512</enddate><creator>Liu, Di</creator><creator>Li, Shiming</creator><creator>Chen, Wenjie</creator><creator>Zhang, Bo</creator><creator>Liu, Dengcai</creator><creator>Liu, Baolong</creator><creator>Zhang, Huaigang</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-6480</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20160512</creationdate><title>Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)</title><author>Liu, Di ; Li, Shiming ; Chen, Wenjie ; Zhang, Bo ; Liu, Dengcai ; Liu, Baolong ; Zhang, Huaigang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c9f203fe2724550e07fbb7c08739e73a8e94cdae6abd5915294f29168e5325953</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Agropyron</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anthocyanins - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Di</au><au>Li, Shiming</au><au>Chen, Wenjie</au><au>Zhang, Bo</au><au>Liu, Dengcai</au><au>Liu, Baolong</au><au>Zhang, Huaigang</au><au>Ma, Wujun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-05-12</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0155428</spage><epage>e0155428</epage><pages>e0155428-e0155428</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. The differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involved in encoding components of metabolic pathways, The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most represented in metabolic pathways. In the transcriptome of purple pericarp in Gy115, most structural and regulatory genes biosynthesizing anthocyanin were identified, and had higher expression levels than in white pericarp. The largestunigene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gy115 was longer than the reference genes, which implies that high-throughput sequencing could isolate the genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tissues or organs with high anthocyanin content. Based on present and previous results, three unigenes of MYB gene on chromosome 7BL and three unigenes of MYC on chromosome 2AL were predicted as candidate genes for the purple grain trait. This article was the first to provide a systematic overview comparing the transcriptomes of purple and white pericarps in common wheat, which should be very valuable for identifying the key genes for the purple pericarp trait.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27171148</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0155428</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-6480</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agropyron Analysis Anthocyanins - biosynthesis Biology Biology and Life Sciences Biosynthesis Chromosome 7 Corn Cultivars DNA sequencing Endosperm - genetics Enzymes Evolution Flavonoids Flavonoids - biosynthesis Gene expression Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene Ontology Gene sequencing Genes Genes, Plant Genetic aspects Genetic Association Studies Genetics Genomes Genomics Grain High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Laboratories Metabolic pathways Molecular Sequence Annotation MYB gene Myc protein Next-generation sequencing Organs Oryza Pericarp Pigmentation - genetics Reference Standards Research and Analysis Methods Rice Tissues Transcription (Genetics) Triticum - genetics Triticum aestivum Wheat |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) |
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