Cerebral Metabolic Differences Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
To characterize cerebral glucose metabolism associated with different cognitive states in Parkinson's disease (PD) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Three groups of patients were recruited in this study including PD patients with dementia (PDD; n = 10),...
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creator | Tang, Yilin Ge, Jingjie Liu, Fengtao Wu, Ping Guo, Sisi Liu, Zhenyang Wang, Yixuan Wang, Ying Ding, Zhengtong Wu, Jianjun Zuo, Chuantao Wang, Jian |
description | To characterize cerebral glucose metabolism associated with different cognitive states in Parkinson's disease (PD) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Three groups of patients were recruited in this study including PD patients with dementia (PDD; n = 10), with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 20), and with no cognitive impairment (PD-NC; n = 30). The groups were matched for age, sex, education, disease duration, motor disability, levodopa equivalent dose and Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS) score. All subjects underwent a FDG-PET study. Maps of regional metabolism in the three groups were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM5).
PD-MCI patients exhibited limited areas of hypometabolism in the frontal, temporal and parahippocampal gyrus compared with the PD-NC patients (p < 0.01). PDD patients had bilateral areas of hypometabolism in the frontal and posterior parietal-occipital lobes compared with PD-MCI patients (p < 0.01), and exhibited greater metabolic reductions in comparison with PD-NC patients (p < 0.01).
Compared with PD-NC patients, hypometabolism was much higher in the PDD patients than in PD-MCI patients, mainly in the posterior cortical areas. The result might suggest an association between posterior cortical hypometabolism and more severe cognitive impairment. PD-MCI might be important for early targeted therapeutic intervention and disease modification. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0152716 |
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Three groups of patients were recruited in this study including PD patients with dementia (PDD; n = 10), with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 20), and with no cognitive impairment (PD-NC; n = 30). The groups were matched for age, sex, education, disease duration, motor disability, levodopa equivalent dose and Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS) score. All subjects underwent a FDG-PET study. Maps of regional metabolism in the three groups were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM5).
PD-MCI patients exhibited limited areas of hypometabolism in the frontal, temporal and parahippocampal gyrus compared with the PD-NC patients (p < 0.01). PDD patients had bilateral areas of hypometabolism in the frontal and posterior parietal-occipital lobes compared with PD-MCI patients (p < 0.01), and exhibited greater metabolic reductions in comparison with PD-NC patients (p < 0.01).
Compared with PD-NC patients, hypometabolism was much higher in the PDD patients than in PD-MCI patients, mainly in the posterior cortical areas. The result might suggest an association between posterior cortical hypometabolism and more severe cognitive impairment. PD-MCI might be important for early targeted therapeutic intervention and disease modification.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152716</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27064684</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aged ; Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brain - metabolism ; Brain - physiopathology ; Cerebral Cortex - metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism ; Cortex ; Dementia ; Dementia - etiology ; Dementia - metabolism ; Dementia disorders ; Dopamine ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Glucose metabolism ; Humans ; Hypometabolism ; Impairment ; Levodopa ; Levodopa - metabolism ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Middle Aged ; Movement disorders ; Neurodegenerative diseases ; Neurology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Nuclear medicine ; Occipital lobes ; Parahippocampal gyrus ; Parkinson disease ; Parkinson Disease - complications ; Parkinson Disease - metabolism ; Parkinson's disease ; Patients ; Positron emission ; Positron emission tomography ; Positron-Emission Tomography - methods ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk factors ; Social Sciences ; Studies ; Tomography</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-04, Vol.11 (4), p.e0152716-e0152716</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Tang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2016 Tang et al 2016 Tang et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c96048af595bcce0ac3ca612658dc933fe31a583bc15559bc51a602ccf042fff3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c96048af595bcce0ac3ca612658dc933fe31a583bc15559bc51a602ccf042fff3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4827825/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4827825/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27064684$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tang, Yilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ge, Jingjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Fengtao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Sisi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Zhenyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yixuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Zhengtong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Chuantao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jian</creatorcontrib><title>Cerebral Metabolic Differences Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To characterize cerebral glucose metabolism associated with different cognitive states in Parkinson's disease (PD) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Three groups of patients were recruited in this study including PD patients with dementia (PDD; n = 10), with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 20), and with no cognitive impairment (PD-NC; n = 30). The groups were matched for age, sex, education, disease duration, motor disability, levodopa equivalent dose and Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS) score. All subjects underwent a FDG-PET study. Maps of regional metabolism in the three groups were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM5).
PD-MCI patients exhibited limited areas of hypometabolism in the frontal, temporal and parahippocampal gyrus compared with the PD-NC patients (p < 0.01). PDD patients had bilateral areas of hypometabolism in the frontal and posterior parietal-occipital lobes compared with PD-MCI patients (p < 0.01), and exhibited greater metabolic reductions in comparison with PD-NC patients (p < 0.01).
Compared with PD-NC patients, hypometabolism was much higher in the PDD patients than in PD-MCI patients, mainly in the posterior cortical areas. The result might suggest an association between posterior cortical hypometabolism and more severe cognitive impairment. PD-MCI might be important for early targeted therapeutic intervention and disease modification.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Brain - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - metabolism</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism</subject><subject>Cortex</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Dementia - etiology</subject><subject>Dementia - metabolism</subject><subject>Dementia disorders</subject><subject>Dopamine</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</subject><subject>Glucose metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypometabolism</subject><subject>Impairment</subject><subject>Levodopa</subject><subject>Levodopa - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Movement disorders</subject><subject>Neurodegenerative diseases</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Nuclear medicine</subject><subject>Occipital lobes</subject><subject>Parahippocampal gyrus</subject><subject>Parkinson disease</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - complications</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - metabolism</subject><subject>Parkinson's disease</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Positron emission</subject><subject>Positron emission tomography</subject><subject>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tomography</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1tv0zAUxyMEYmPwDRBEQuLy0OJ7nBekqtwqDQ1xe-DFchy7dZfYxXYGfHtcmk0L2gNKpFjHv___5Bz7FMVDCOYQV_Dl1g_ByW6-807PAaSoguxWcQxrjGYMAXz72vqouBfjFgCKOWN3iyNUAUYYJ8fF96UOugmyKz_oJBvfWVW-tsbkqFM6losYvbIy6bb8adOmXPq1s8le6HLV76QNvXaptK78KMO5ddG7ZzHro5ZR3y_uGNlF_WD8nhRf3775snw_Oz17t1ouTmeK1SjNVM0A4dLQmjZKaSAVVpJBxChvVY2x0RhKynGjIKW0bhSFkgGklAEEGWPwSfH44LvrfBRjW6KAFQeQ5Cp5JlYHovVyK3bB9jL8Fl5a8Tfgw1rIkKzqtCCaAiJrld-GGIRqWRFEW1RXjQGsbbPXqzHb0PS6Vbn-3L2J6XTH2Y1Y-wtBOKo4otng-WgQ_I9BxyR6G5XuOum0Hw7_zSGGBGX0yT_ozdWN1FrmAqwzPudVe1OxIBQTwgnfp53fQOWn1b1V-Q4Zm-MTwYuJIDNJ_0prOcQoVp8__T979m3KPr3GbrTs0ib6bkjWuzgFyQFUwccYtLlqMgRiPwKX3RD7ERDjCGTZo-sHdCW6vPP4D0SUAXE</recordid><startdate>20160411</startdate><enddate>20160411</enddate><creator>Tang, Yilin</creator><creator>Ge, Jingjie</creator><creator>Liu, Fengtao</creator><creator>Wu, Ping</creator><creator>Guo, Sisi</creator><creator>Liu, Zhenyang</creator><creator>Wang, Yixuan</creator><creator>Wang, Ying</creator><creator>Ding, Zhengtong</creator><creator>Wu, Jianjun</creator><creator>Zuo, Chuantao</creator><creator>Wang, Jian</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160411</creationdate><title>Cerebral Metabolic Differences Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease</title><author>Tang, Yilin ; Ge, Jingjie ; Liu, Fengtao ; Wu, Ping ; Guo, Sisi ; Liu, Zhenyang ; Wang, Yixuan ; Wang, Ying ; Ding, Zhengtong ; Wu, Jianjun ; Zuo, Chuantao ; Wang, Jian</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c96048af595bcce0ac3ca612658dc933fe31a583bc15559bc51a602ccf042fff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Brain - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - metabolism</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism</topic><topic>Cortex</topic><topic>Dementia</topic><topic>Dementia - etiology</topic><topic>Dementia - metabolism</topic><topic>Dementia disorders</topic><topic>Dopamine</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</topic><topic>Glucose metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypometabolism</topic><topic>Impairment</topic><topic>Levodopa</topic><topic>Levodopa - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Movement disorders</topic><topic>Neurodegenerative diseases</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests</topic><topic>Nuclear medicine</topic><topic>Occipital lobes</topic><topic>Parahippocampal gyrus</topic><topic>Parkinson disease</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - complications</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - metabolism</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Positron emission</topic><topic>Positron emission tomography</topic><topic>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Social Sciences</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tomography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tang, Yilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ge, Jingjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Fengtao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Sisi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Zhenyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yixuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Zhengtong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Chuantao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jian</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tang, Yilin</au><au>Ge, Jingjie</au><au>Liu, Fengtao</au><au>Wu, Ping</au><au>Guo, Sisi</au><au>Liu, Zhenyang</au><au>Wang, Yixuan</au><au>Wang, Ying</au><au>Ding, Zhengtong</au><au>Wu, Jianjun</au><au>Zuo, Chuantao</au><au>Wang, Jian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cerebral Metabolic Differences Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-04-11</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0152716</spage><epage>e0152716</epage><pages>e0152716-e0152716</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>To characterize cerebral glucose metabolism associated with different cognitive states in Parkinson's disease (PD) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Three groups of patients were recruited in this study including PD patients with dementia (PDD; n = 10), with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 20), and with no cognitive impairment (PD-NC; n = 30). The groups were matched for age, sex, education, disease duration, motor disability, levodopa equivalent dose and Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS) score. All subjects underwent a FDG-PET study. Maps of regional metabolism in the three groups were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM5).
PD-MCI patients exhibited limited areas of hypometabolism in the frontal, temporal and parahippocampal gyrus compared with the PD-NC patients (p < 0.01). PDD patients had bilateral areas of hypometabolism in the frontal and posterior parietal-occipital lobes compared with PD-MCI patients (p < 0.01), and exhibited greater metabolic reductions in comparison with PD-NC patients (p < 0.01).
Compared with PD-NC patients, hypometabolism was much higher in the PDD patients than in PD-MCI patients, mainly in the posterior cortical areas. The result might suggest an association between posterior cortical hypometabolism and more severe cognitive impairment. PD-MCI might be important for early targeted therapeutic intervention and disease modification.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27064684</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0152716</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aged Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Brain - metabolism Brain - physiopathology Cerebral Cortex - metabolism Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism Cortex Dementia Dementia - etiology Dementia - metabolism Dementia disorders Dopamine Female Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Glucose metabolism Humans Hypometabolism Impairment Levodopa Levodopa - metabolism Male Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Metabolism Metabolites Middle Aged Movement disorders Neurodegenerative diseases Neurology Neuropsychological Tests Nuclear medicine Occipital lobes Parahippocampal gyrus Parkinson disease Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - metabolism Parkinson's disease Patients Positron emission Positron emission tomography Positron-Emission Tomography - methods Research and Analysis Methods Risk factors Social Sciences Studies Tomography |
title | Cerebral Metabolic Differences Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease |
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