Genome-Wide Analysis of the Lysine Biosynthesis Pathway Network during Maize Seed Development

Lysine is one of the most limiting essential amino acids for humans and livestock. The nutritional value of maize (Zea mays L.) is reduced by its poor lysine content. To better understand the lysine biosynthesis pathway in maize seed, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes involved in lysi...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2016-02, Vol.11 (2), p.e0148287-e0148287
Hauptverfasser: Liu, Yuwei, Xie, Shaojun, Yu, Jingjuan
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description Lysine is one of the most limiting essential amino acids for humans and livestock. The nutritional value of maize (Zea mays L.) is reduced by its poor lysine content. To better understand the lysine biosynthesis pathway in maize seed, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes involved in lysine biosynthesis. We identified lysine biosynthesis pathway genes (LBPGs) and investigated whether a diaminopimelate pathway variant exists in maize. We analyzed two genes encoding the key enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase, and determined that they contribute differently to lysine synthesis during maize seed development. A coexpression network of LBPGs was constructed using RNA-sequencing data from 21 developmental stages of B73 maize seed. We found a large set of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, elongation factors and zein proteins that were coexpressed with LBPGs. The coexpressed genes were enriched in cellular metabolism terms and protein related terms. A phylogenetic analysis of the LBPGs from different plant species revealed different relationships. Additionally, six transcription factor (TF) families containing 13 TFs were identified as the Hub TFs of the LBPGs modules. Several expression quantitative trait loci of LBPGs were also identified. Our results should help to elucidate the lysine biosynthesis pathway network in maize seed.
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The nutritional value of maize (Zea mays L.) is reduced by its poor lysine content. To better understand the lysine biosynthesis pathway in maize seed, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes involved in lysine biosynthesis. We identified lysine biosynthesis pathway genes (LBPGs) and investigated whether a diaminopimelate pathway variant exists in maize. We analyzed two genes encoding the key enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase, and determined that they contribute differently to lysine synthesis during maize seed development. A coexpression network of LBPGs was constructed using RNA-sequencing data from 21 developmental stages of B73 maize seed. We found a large set of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, elongation factors and zein proteins that were coexpressed with LBPGs. The coexpressed genes were enriched in cellular metabolism terms and protein related terms. A phylogenetic analysis of the LBPGs from different plant species revealed different relationships. 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Our results should help to elucidate the lysine biosynthesis pathway network in maize seed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148287</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26829553</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Analysis ; Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Barley ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biosynthesis ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Computational Biology - methods ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Corn ; Dehydrogenases ; Developmental stages ; Dihydrodipicolinate synthase ; Elongation ; Enzymes ; Feedback ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic aspects ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genomes ; Kinases ; Laboratories ; Livestock ; Lysine ; Lysine - biosynthesis ; Metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Nucleotide Motifs ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Plant development ; Position-Specific Scoring Matrices ; Protein turnover ; Proteins ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Ribonucleic acid ; Ribosomal proteins ; RNA ; Seeds ; Seeds - genetics ; Seeds - metabolism ; Transcription factors ; Zea mays ; Zea mays - genetics ; Zea mays - metabolism ; Zein</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-02, Vol.11 (2), p.e0148287-e0148287</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 Liu et al. 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The nutritional value of maize (Zea mays L.) is reduced by its poor lysine content. To better understand the lysine biosynthesis pathway in maize seed, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes involved in lysine biosynthesis. We identified lysine biosynthesis pathway genes (LBPGs) and investigated whether a diaminopimelate pathway variant exists in maize. We analyzed two genes encoding the key enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase, and determined that they contribute differently to lysine synthesis during maize seed development. A coexpression network of LBPGs was constructed using RNA-sequencing data from 21 developmental stages of B73 maize seed. We found a large set of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, elongation factors and zein proteins that were coexpressed with LBPGs. The coexpressed genes were enriched in cellular metabolism terms and protein related terms. A phylogenetic analysis of the LBPGs from different plant species revealed different relationships. 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The nutritional value of maize (Zea mays L.) is reduced by its poor lysine content. To better understand the lysine biosynthesis pathway in maize seed, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes involved in lysine biosynthesis. We identified lysine biosynthesis pathway genes (LBPGs) and investigated whether a diaminopimelate pathway variant exists in maize. We analyzed two genes encoding the key enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase, and determined that they contribute differently to lysine synthesis during maize seed development. A coexpression network of LBPGs was constructed using RNA-sequencing data from 21 developmental stages of B73 maize seed. We found a large set of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, elongation factors and zein proteins that were coexpressed with LBPGs. The coexpressed genes were enriched in cellular metabolism terms and protein related terms. A phylogenetic analysis of the LBPGs from different plant species revealed different relationships. Additionally, six transcription factor (TF) families containing 13 TFs were identified as the Hub TFs of the LBPGs modules. Several expression quantitative trait loci of LBPGs were also identified. Our results should help to elucidate the lysine biosynthesis pathway network in maize seed.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26829553</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0148287</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Amino acids
Analysis
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis thaliana
Barley
Biology and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Biosynthetic Pathways
Computational Biology - methods
Computer and Information Sciences
Corn
Dehydrogenases
Developmental stages
Dihydrodipicolinate synthase
Elongation
Enzymes
Feedback
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Gene Regulatory Networks
Gene sequencing
Genes
Genes, Plant
Genetic aspects
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genomes
Kinases
Laboratories
Livestock
Lysine
Lysine - biosynthesis
Metabolism
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Nucleotide Motifs
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Physical Sciences
Physiological aspects
Plant development
Position-Specific Scoring Matrices
Protein turnover
Proteins
Quantitative Trait Loci
Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Research and Analysis Methods
Ribonucleic acid
Ribosomal proteins
RNA
Seeds
Seeds - genetics
Seeds - metabolism
Transcription factors
Zea mays
Zea mays - genetics
Zea mays - metabolism
Zein
title Genome-Wide Analysis of the Lysine Biosynthesis Pathway Network during Maize Seed Development
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