Iontophoresis Improved Growth Reduction of Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Topical Photodynamic Therapy
This study examined the potential of iontophoresis in topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human invasive squamous cells carcinomas (SCC). SCC was induced in nude BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells. Tumor penetration and distribution of the photosensitizer tetrasulfonated zinc phth...
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| creator | Lemos, Camila Nunes de Souza, Joel Gonçalves Simão, Patrícia Sper Lopez, Renata Fonseca Vianna |
| description | This study examined the potential of iontophoresis in topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human invasive squamous cells carcinomas (SCC). SCC was induced in nude BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells. Tumor penetration and distribution of the photosensitizer tetrasulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS4) was investigated after 10 and 30 min of in vivo iontophoresis of a gel containing ZnPcS4. PDT was performed immediately after iontophoresis using laser at 660 nm with a dose of irradiation of 100 J/cm(2) and irradiance of 48 mW/cm(2) while tumor growth was measured for 30 days. Iontophoresis increased ZnPcS4 penetration into tumors by 6-fold after 30 min when compared with passive delivery. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that ZnPcS4 was homogeneous distributed within deep regions of the tumor after iontophoresis. Irradiation of the tumors immediately after iontophoresis showed reduction in tumor size by more than 2-fold when compared to non-treated tumors. Iontophoretic-PDT treated tumors presented large areas of necrosis. The study concluded that iontophoretic delivery of photosensitizers could be a valuable strategy for topical PDT of invasive SCC. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0145922 |
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SCC was induced in nude BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells. Tumor penetration and distribution of the photosensitizer tetrasulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS4) was investigated after 10 and 30 min of in vivo iontophoresis of a gel containing ZnPcS4. PDT was performed immediately after iontophoresis using laser at 660 nm with a dose of irradiation of 100 J/cm(2) and irradiance of 48 mW/cm(2) while tumor growth was measured for 30 days. Iontophoresis increased ZnPcS4 penetration into tumors by 6-fold after 30 min when compared with passive delivery. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that ZnPcS4 was homogeneous distributed within deep regions of the tumor after iontophoresis. Irradiation of the tumors immediately after iontophoresis showed reduction in tumor size by more than 2-fold when compared to non-treated tumors. Iontophoretic-PDT treated tumors presented large areas of necrosis. The study concluded that iontophoretic delivery of photosensitizers could be a valuable strategy for topical PDT of invasive SCC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145922</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26752697</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acids ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cancer therapies ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology ; Cell cycle ; Confocal microscopy ; Female ; Humans ; In vivo methods and tests ; Indoles - metabolism ; Indoles - pharmacokinetics ; Indoles - pharmacology ; Invasiveness ; Iontophoresis ; Iontophoresis - methods ; Irradiance ; Irradiation ; Medical research ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy ; Necrosis ; Organometallic Compounds - metabolism ; Organometallic Compounds - pharmacokinetics ; Organometallic Compounds - pharmacology ; Penetration ; Permeability ; Pharmaceutical sciences ; Photochemotherapy - methods ; Photodynamic therapy ; Photosensitizing Agents - metabolism ; Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacokinetics ; Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology ; Radiation dosage ; Reduction ; Skin cancer ; Skin Neoplasms - drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms - metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms - pathology ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Transdermal medication ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Burden - drug effects ; Tumors ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016, Vol.11 (1), p.e0145922-e0145922</ispartof><rights>2016 Lemos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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SCC was induced in nude BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells. Tumor penetration and distribution of the photosensitizer tetrasulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS4) was investigated after 10 and 30 min of in vivo iontophoresis of a gel containing ZnPcS4. PDT was performed immediately after iontophoresis using laser at 660 nm with a dose of irradiation of 100 J/cm(2) and irradiance of 48 mW/cm(2) while tumor growth was measured for 30 days. Iontophoresis increased ZnPcS4 penetration into tumors by 6-fold after 30 min when compared with passive delivery. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that ZnPcS4 was homogeneous distributed within deep regions of the tumor after iontophoresis. Irradiation of the tumors immediately after iontophoresis showed reduction in tumor size by more than 2-fold when compared to non-treated tumors. Iontophoretic-PDT treated tumors presented large areas of necrosis. The study concluded that iontophoretic delivery of photosensitizers could be a valuable strategy for topical PDT of invasive SCC.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological Transport</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology</subject><subject>Cell cycle</subject><subject>Confocal microscopy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>In vivo methods and tests</subject><subject>Indoles - metabolism</subject><subject>Indoles - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Indoles - pharmacology</subject><subject>Invasiveness</subject><subject>Iontophoresis</subject><subject>Iontophoresis - methods</subject><subject>Irradiance</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Nude</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Necrosis</subject><subject>Organometallic Compounds - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lemos, Camila Nunes</au><au>de Souza, Joel Gonçalves</au><au>Simão, Patrícia Sper</au><au>Lopez, Renata Fonseca Vianna</au><au>Hamblin, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Iontophoresis Improved Growth Reduction of Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Topical Photodynamic Therapy</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0145922</spage><epage>e0145922</epage><pages>e0145922-e0145922</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study examined the potential of iontophoresis in topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human invasive squamous cells carcinomas (SCC). SCC was induced in nude BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells. Tumor penetration and distribution of the photosensitizer tetrasulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS4) was investigated after 10 and 30 min of in vivo iontophoresis of a gel containing ZnPcS4. PDT was performed immediately after iontophoresis using laser at 660 nm with a dose of irradiation of 100 J/cm(2) and irradiance of 48 mW/cm(2) while tumor growth was measured for 30 days. Iontophoresis increased ZnPcS4 penetration into tumors by 6-fold after 30 min when compared with passive delivery. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that ZnPcS4 was homogeneous distributed within deep regions of the tumor after iontophoresis. Irradiation of the tumors immediately after iontophoresis showed reduction in tumor size by more than 2-fold when compared to non-treated tumors. Iontophoretic-PDT treated tumors presented large areas of necrosis. The study concluded that iontophoretic delivery of photosensitizers could be a valuable strategy for topical PDT of invasive SCC.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26752697</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0145922</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acids Animals Biological Transport Cancer therapies Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology Cell cycle Confocal microscopy Female Humans In vivo methods and tests Indoles - metabolism Indoles - pharmacokinetics Indoles - pharmacology Invasiveness Iontophoresis Iontophoresis - methods Irradiance Irradiation Medical research Mice Mice, Nude Microscopy Necrosis Organometallic Compounds - metabolism Organometallic Compounds - pharmacokinetics Organometallic Compounds - pharmacology Penetration Permeability Pharmaceutical sciences Photochemotherapy - methods Photodynamic therapy Photosensitizing Agents - metabolism Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacokinetics Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology Radiation dosage Reduction Skin cancer Skin Neoplasms - drug therapy Skin Neoplasms - metabolism Skin Neoplasms - pathology Squamous cell carcinoma Transdermal medication Treatment Outcome Tumor Burden - drug effects Tumors Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays Zinc |
| title | Iontophoresis Improved Growth Reduction of Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Topical Photodynamic Therapy |
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