Expert Opinion on the Perceived Effectiveness and Importance of On-Farm Biosecurity Measures for Cattle and Swine Farms in Switzerland
Biosecurity is crucial for safeguarding livestock from infectious diseases. Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts...
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| description | Biosecurity is crucial for safeguarding livestock from infectious diseases. Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts about the effectiveness and importance of individual on-farm biosecurity measures for cattle and swine farms (31 and 30 measures, respectively). Using a modified Delphi method, 16 Swiss livestock disease specialists (8 for each species) were interviewed. The experts were asked to rank biosecurity measures that were written on cards, by allocating a score from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest). Experts ranked biosecurity measures based on their importance related to Swiss legislation, feasibility, as well as the effort required for implementation and the benefit of each biosecurity measure. The experts also ranked biosecurity measures based on their effectiveness in preventing an infectious agent from entering and spreading on a farm, solely based on transmission characteristics of specific pathogens. The pathogens considered by cattle experts were those causing Bluetongue (BT), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Swine experts expressed their opinion on the pathogens causing African Swine Fever (ASF), Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), as well as FMD. For cattle farms, biosecurity measures that improve disease awareness of farmers were ranked as both most important and most effective. For swine farms, the most important and effective measures identified were those related to animal movements. Among all single measures evaluated, education of farmers was perceived by the experts to be the most important and effective for protecting both Swiss cattle and swine farms from disease. The findings of this study provide an important basis for recommendation to farmers and policy makers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0144533 |
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Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts about the effectiveness and importance of individual on-farm biosecurity measures for cattle and swine farms (31 and 30 measures, respectively). Using a modified Delphi method, 16 Swiss livestock disease specialists (8 for each species) were interviewed. The experts were asked to rank biosecurity measures that were written on cards, by allocating a score from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest). Experts ranked biosecurity measures based on their importance related to Swiss legislation, feasibility, as well as the effort required for implementation and the benefit of each biosecurity measure. The experts also ranked biosecurity measures based on their effectiveness in preventing an infectious agent from entering and spreading on a farm, solely based on transmission characteristics of specific pathogens. The pathogens considered by cattle experts were those causing Bluetongue (BT), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Swine experts expressed their opinion on the pathogens causing African Swine Fever (ASF), Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), as well as FMD. For cattle farms, biosecurity measures that improve disease awareness of farmers were ranked as both most important and most effective. For swine farms, the most important and effective measures identified were those related to animal movements. Among all single measures evaluated, education of farmers was perceived by the experts to be the most important and effective for protecting both Swiss cattle and swine farms from disease. The findings of this study provide an important basis for recommendation to farmers and policy makers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144533</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26656893</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>African swine fever ; Agriculture ; Animal diseases ; Animal Husbandry - legislation & jurisprudence ; Animal Husbandry - methods ; Animal Husbandry - standards ; Animals ; Aquaculture ; Biosecurity ; Bluetongue ; Bovine rhinotracheitis ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases - prevention & control ; Delphi method ; Delphi Technique ; Diarrhea ; Disease control ; Enzootic pneumonia ; Epidemics ; Epidemiology ; Experts ; Farmers ; Farms ; Feasibility studies ; Fever ; Foot & mouth disease ; Guidelines as Topic ; Hogs ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Legislation ; Legislation, Veterinary - standards ; Livestock ; Livestock farming ; Livestock farms ; Methods ; Pathogens ; Population ; Public health ; Safety and security measures ; Studies ; Swine ; Swine Diseases - prevention & control ; Switzerland ; Veterinary Medicine - methods ; Veterinary Medicine - standards</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-12, Vol.10 (12), p.e0144533</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Kuster et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Kuster et al 2015 Kuster et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d3a767b18370a5f6fd621e607ed96c3b85bd52660ee1b53123c947730176b17c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d3a767b18370a5f6fd621e607ed96c3b85bd52660ee1b53123c947730176b17c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686079/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686079/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26656893$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Browning, Glenn F.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Kuster, Karin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cousin, Marie-Eve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jemmi, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schüpbach-Regula, Gertraud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magouras, Ioannis</creatorcontrib><title>Expert Opinion on the Perceived Effectiveness and Importance of On-Farm Biosecurity Measures for Cattle and Swine Farms in Switzerland</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Biosecurity is crucial for safeguarding livestock from infectious diseases. 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The experts also ranked biosecurity measures based on their effectiveness in preventing an infectious agent from entering and spreading on a farm, solely based on transmission characteristics of specific pathogens. The pathogens considered by cattle experts were those causing Bluetongue (BT), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Swine experts expressed their opinion on the pathogens causing African Swine Fever (ASF), Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), as well as FMD. For cattle farms, biosecurity measures that improve disease awareness of farmers were ranked as both most important and most effective. For swine farms, the most important and effective measures identified were those related to animal movements. Among all single measures evaluated, education of farmers was perceived by the experts to be the most important and effective for protecting both Swiss cattle and swine farms from disease. 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Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts about the effectiveness and importance of individual on-farm biosecurity measures for cattle and swine farms (31 and 30 measures, respectively). Using a modified Delphi method, 16 Swiss livestock disease specialists (8 for each species) were interviewed. The experts were asked to rank biosecurity measures that were written on cards, by allocating a score from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest). Experts ranked biosecurity measures based on their importance related to Swiss legislation, feasibility, as well as the effort required for implementation and the benefit of each biosecurity measure. The experts also ranked biosecurity measures based on their effectiveness in preventing an infectious agent from entering and spreading on a farm, solely based on transmission characteristics of specific pathogens. The pathogens considered by cattle experts were those causing Bluetongue (BT), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Swine experts expressed their opinion on the pathogens causing African Swine Fever (ASF), Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), as well as FMD. For cattle farms, biosecurity measures that improve disease awareness of farmers were ranked as both most important and most effective. For swine farms, the most important and effective measures identified were those related to animal movements. Among all single measures evaluated, education of farmers was perceived by the experts to be the most important and effective for protecting both Swiss cattle and swine farms from disease. The findings of this study provide an important basis for recommendation to farmers and policy makers.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26656893</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0144533</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2015-12, Vol.10 (12), p.e0144533 |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | African swine fever Agriculture Animal diseases Animal Husbandry - legislation & jurisprudence Animal Husbandry - methods Animal Husbandry - standards Animals Aquaculture Biosecurity Bluetongue Bovine rhinotracheitis Cattle Cattle Diseases - prevention & control Delphi method Delphi Technique Diarrhea Disease control Enzootic pneumonia Epidemics Epidemiology Experts Farmers Farms Feasibility studies Fever Foot & mouth disease Guidelines as Topic Hogs Humans Infectious diseases Legislation Legislation, Veterinary - standards Livestock Livestock farming Livestock farms Methods Pathogens Population Public health Safety and security measures Studies Swine Swine Diseases - prevention & control Switzerland Veterinary Medicine - methods Veterinary Medicine - standards |
| title | Expert Opinion on the Perceived Effectiveness and Importance of On-Farm Biosecurity Measures for Cattle and Swine Farms in Switzerland |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T17%3A51%3A50IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Expert%20Opinion%20on%20the%20Perceived%20Effectiveness%20and%20Importance%20of%20On-Farm%20Biosecurity%20Measures%20for%20Cattle%20and%20Swine%20Farms%20in%20Switzerland&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Kuster,%20Karin&rft.date=2015-12-10&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0144533&rft.pages=e0144533-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144533&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA437105845%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1747584148&rft_id=info:pmid/26656893&rft_galeid=A437105845&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_79034ce85673448687ffb73fc9b32e1c&rfr_iscdi=true |