The High Prevalence of Low HDL-Cholesterol Levels and Dyslipidemia in Rural Populations in Northwestern China
Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in China and an important modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and associated risk factors among adults in rural northwest...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2015-12, Vol.10 (12), p.e0144104-e0144104 |
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| creator | Ge, Pengfei Dong, Caixia Ren, Xiaolan Weiderpass, Elisabete Zhang, Chouji Fan, Haoqiang Zhang, Jing Zhang, Yongrui Xi, Jinen |
| description | Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in China and an important modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and associated risk factors among adults in rural northwest China.
In a cross-sectional analyses involving 2,980 adults aged >18 years, information on the demographics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and medical history was collected via face-to-face interviews. Blood samples were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), and HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) levels.
The prevalence of high TC, high LDL-cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, and high TG were 1.0%, 0.6%, 60.9%, and 13.7%, respectively. TC, LDL-cholesterol, and TG increased with age in females. Elevated TC was more common in females than in males. The prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% in males and 55.4% in females. Current smokers, those with less education, those who were overweight or obese, and those with large waist circumference were more likely to have low HDL-cholesterol (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0144104 |
| format | Article |
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In a cross-sectional analyses involving 2,980 adults aged >18 years, information on the demographics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and medical history was collected via face-to-face interviews. Blood samples were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), and HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) levels.
The prevalence of high TC, high LDL-cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, and high TG were 1.0%, 0.6%, 60.9%, and 13.7%, respectively. TC, LDL-cholesterol, and TG increased with age in females. Elevated TC was more common in females than in males. The prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% in males and 55.4% in females. Current smokers, those with less education, those who were overweight or obese, and those with large waist circumference were more likely to have low HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05). Multivariable regression showed that male gender showed an association with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.68-2.61), age ≥60 years (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99), BMI (BMI = 24-27.9, OR 1.27, 95%CI 1.04-1.54, p = 0.02 and BMI≥28, OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.10-2.20, p = 0.01) and enlarged waist circumference (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.51-2.92). Non-alcohol drinker was associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels (OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.53-0.99, p = 0.04).
This study found that the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% and 55.4% for males and females. Male gender, non-alcohol drinker, BMI and central obesity were important risk factors for low HDL-cholesterol in Chinese adults.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144104</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26640891</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adults ; Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology ; Alcohols ; Analysis ; Blood cholesterol ; Blood Pressure ; Body mass ; Body Mass Index ; Body weight ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Care and treatment ; China - epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL - blood ; Cholesterol, LDL - blood ; Chronic illnesses ; Cigarette smoking ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demographics ; Demography ; Diabetes ; Dyslipidemia ; Dyslipidemias - blood ; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology ; Education ; Female ; Females ; Health aspects ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; High density lipoprotein ; Humans ; Lipids ; Low density lipoprotein ; Low density lipoproteins ; Male ; Males ; Metabolic disorders ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition ; Obesity ; Obesity - epidemiology ; Overweight ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Regression analysis ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Rural populations ; Sex differences ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Triglycerides ; Triglycerides - blood ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-12, Vol.10 (12), p.e0144104-e0144104</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Ge et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><rights>2015 Ge et al 2015 Ge et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c754t-59b750a56fd8e0b1f7835ac826657ea84b2a0a89ed02ff78c8ffd387bbcbdcfa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c754t-59b750a56fd8e0b1f7835ac826657ea84b2a0a89ed02ff78c8ffd387bbcbdcfa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4671591/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4671591/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,550,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,26544,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26640891$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:132667201$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ge, Pengfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Caixia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ren, Xiaolan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiderpass, Elisabete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Chouji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Haoqiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yongrui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Jinen</creatorcontrib><title>The High Prevalence of Low HDL-Cholesterol Levels and Dyslipidemia in Rural Populations in Northwestern China</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in China and an important modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and associated risk factors among adults in rural northwest China.
In a cross-sectional analyses involving 2,980 adults aged >18 years, information on the demographics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and medical history was collected via face-to-face interviews. Blood samples were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), and HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) levels.
The prevalence of high TC, high LDL-cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, and high TG were 1.0%, 0.6%, 60.9%, and 13.7%, respectively. TC, LDL-cholesterol, and TG increased with age in females. Elevated TC was more common in females than in males. The prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% in males and 55.4% in females. Current smokers, those with less education, those who were overweight or obese, and those with large waist circumference were more likely to have low HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05). Multivariable regression showed that male gender showed an association with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.68-2.61), age ≥60 years (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99), BMI (BMI = 24-27.9, OR 1.27, 95%CI 1.04-1.54, p = 0.02 and BMI≥28, OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.10-2.20, p = 0.01) and enlarged waist circumference (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.51-2.92). Non-alcohol drinker was associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels (OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.53-0.99, p = 0.04).
This study found that the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% and 55.4% for males and females. Male gender, non-alcohol drinker, BMI and central obesity were important risk factors for low HDL-cholesterol in Chinese adults.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Alcohols</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Blood cholesterol</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Dyslipidemia</subject><subject>Dyslipidemias - blood</subject><subject>Dyslipidemias - epidemiology</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>High density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Low density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Low density lipoproteins</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Rural Population</subject><subject>Rural populations</subject><subject>Sex differences</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Triglycerides - 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epidemiology</topic><topic>Alcohols</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Blood cholesterol</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Dyslipidemia</topic><topic>Dyslipidemias - blood</topic><topic>Dyslipidemias - epidemiology</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>High density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Low density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Low density lipoproteins</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - 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Academic</collection><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ge, Pengfei</au><au>Dong, Caixia</au><au>Ren, Xiaolan</au><au>Weiderpass, Elisabete</au><au>Zhang, Chouji</au><au>Fan, Haoqiang</au><au>Zhang, Jing</au><au>Zhang, Yongrui</au><au>Xi, Jinen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The High Prevalence of Low HDL-Cholesterol Levels and Dyslipidemia in Rural Populations in Northwestern China</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-12-07</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e0144104</spage><epage>e0144104</epage><pages>e0144104-e0144104</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in China and an important modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and associated risk factors among adults in rural northwest China.
In a cross-sectional analyses involving 2,980 adults aged >18 years, information on the demographics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and medical history was collected via face-to-face interviews. Blood samples were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), and HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) levels.
The prevalence of high TC, high LDL-cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, and high TG were 1.0%, 0.6%, 60.9%, and 13.7%, respectively. TC, LDL-cholesterol, and TG increased with age in females. Elevated TC was more common in females than in males. The prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% in males and 55.4% in females. Current smokers, those with less education, those who were overweight or obese, and those with large waist circumference were more likely to have low HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05). Multivariable regression showed that male gender showed an association with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.68-2.61), age ≥60 years (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99), BMI (BMI = 24-27.9, OR 1.27, 95%CI 1.04-1.54, p = 0.02 and BMI≥28, OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.10-2.20, p = 0.01) and enlarged waist circumference (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.51-2.92). Non-alcohol drinker was associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels (OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.53-0.99, p = 0.04).
This study found that the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was 67.6% and 55.4% for males and females. Male gender, non-alcohol drinker, BMI and central obesity were important risk factors for low HDL-cholesterol in Chinese adults.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26640891</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0144104</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2015-12, Vol.10 (12), p.e0144104-e0144104 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1746586218 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; SWEPUB Freely available online; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Adults Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology Alcohols Analysis Blood cholesterol Blood Pressure Body mass Body Mass Index Body weight Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Care and treatment China - epidemiology Cholesterol Cholesterol, HDL - blood Cholesterol, LDL - blood Chronic illnesses Cigarette smoking Cross-Sectional Studies Demographics Demography Diabetes Dyslipidemia Dyslipidemias - blood Dyslipidemias - epidemiology Education Female Females Health aspects Health risk assessment Health risks High density lipoprotein Humans Lipids Low density lipoprotein Low density lipoproteins Male Males Metabolic disorders Middle Aged Nutrition Obesity Obesity - epidemiology Overweight Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Regression analysis Risk analysis Risk Factors Rural Population Rural populations Sex differences Sex Factors Smoking Smoking - epidemiology Surveys and Questionnaires Triglycerides Triglycerides - blood Young Adult |
| title | The High Prevalence of Low HDL-Cholesterol Levels and Dyslipidemia in Rural Populations in Northwestern China |
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