Reproductive Hormone and Transcriptomic Responses of Pituitary Tissue in Anestrus Gilts Induced by Nutrient Restriction
The onset of estrus is a critical sign of female sexual maturity. The pituitary plays a vital role in this process by the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the effects of nutrient restriction on reproductive function and the underlying mechanisms involved, deep RNA sequencing of pit...
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| description | The onset of estrus is a critical sign of female sexual maturity. The pituitary plays a vital role in this process by the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the effects of nutrient restriction on reproductive function and the underlying mechanisms involved, deep RNA sequencing of pituitary gland tissue was carried out to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gilts in normal estrus, and gilts in which anestrus was induced by nutrient restriction. Gilts which had gone through two estrus cycles were fed a normal (CON, 2.86kg/d, n = 10) or nutrient restricted (NR, 1kg/d, n = 10) diet. The NR gilts experienced another three estrus cycles, but did not express estrus symptoms at the anticipated 6th and 7th cycles. Body weight gain in NR gilts was significantly decreased by nutrient restriction. Gilts were considered as anestrus when blood progesterone concentrations lower than 1.0 ng/mL from three consecutive blood samples were recorded. Circulating concentrations of progesterone (< 1.0 ng/mL vs. 2.1 ng/mL) and estradiol (208.6 ng/mL vs. 371.8 ng/mL) were significantly lower in the NR gilts than in the CON gilts. Between 5,360,000 and 5,370,000 sequence reads per sample from the CON and NR gilts' pituitaries were obtained and mapped to the porcine genome. Analysis of read counts revealed 185 DEGs. Expression of selected genes was validated by the use of quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis identified that the genes identified were enriched in the GO terms "neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction", "GnRH signaling pathway" and "immune response system". Our findings provide a new perspective for understanding the nutrient restriction-induced reproductive impairment at the pituitary transcriptional level, and how this is linked to hormone secretion. Moreover, the transcriptomic changes in anestrus gilts associated with nutrient restriction could be a resource for targeted studies of genes and pathways potentially involved in the regulation of reproductive function and animal health. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0143219 |
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The pituitary plays a vital role in this process by the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the effects of nutrient restriction on reproductive function and the underlying mechanisms involved, deep RNA sequencing of pituitary gland tissue was carried out to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gilts in normal estrus, and gilts in which anestrus was induced by nutrient restriction. Gilts which had gone through two estrus cycles were fed a normal (CON, 2.86kg/d, n = 10) or nutrient restricted (NR, 1kg/d, n = 10) diet. The NR gilts experienced another three estrus cycles, but did not express estrus symptoms at the anticipated 6th and 7th cycles. Body weight gain in NR gilts was significantly decreased by nutrient restriction. Gilts were considered as anestrus when blood progesterone concentrations lower than 1.0 ng/mL from three consecutive blood samples were recorded. Circulating concentrations of progesterone (< 1.0 ng/mL vs. 2.1 ng/mL) and estradiol (208.6 ng/mL vs. 371.8 ng/mL) were significantly lower in the NR gilts than in the CON gilts. Between 5,360,000 and 5,370,000 sequence reads per sample from the CON and NR gilts' pituitaries were obtained and mapped to the porcine genome. Analysis of read counts revealed 185 DEGs. Expression of selected genes was validated by the use of quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis identified that the genes identified were enriched in the GO terms "neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction", "GnRH signaling pathway" and "immune response system". Our findings provide a new perspective for understanding the nutrient restriction-induced reproductive impairment at the pituitary transcriptional level, and how this is linked to hormone secretion. Moreover, the transcriptomic changes in anestrus gilts associated with nutrient restriction could be a resource for targeted studies of genes and pathways potentially involved in the regulation of reproductive function and animal health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143219</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26580562</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>17β-Estradiol ; Analysis ; Anestrus ; Anestrus - genetics ; Animal diseases ; Animal Feed ; Animal health ; Animals ; Blood ; Blood circulation ; Body weight ; Body weight gain ; Caloric Restriction ; Diet ; Dietary restrictions ; Education ; Estradiol - blood ; Estrus ; Estrus - genetics ; Female ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Ontology ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Genome ; Genomes ; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ; Growth hormones ; Hogs ; Hormones ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Kinases ; Laboratories ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Nutrient concentrations ; Nutrient cycles ; Nutrients ; Nutrition ; Ovary - metabolism ; Physiological aspects ; Pituitary ; Pituitary gland ; Pituitary Gland - chemistry ; Pituitary Gland - metabolism ; Pituitary hormones ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Progesterone ; Progesterone - blood ; Puberty ; Reproduction - genetics ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; RNA sequencing ; Sex hormones ; Sexual maturity ; Signal transduction ; Signaling ; Swine ; Transcription ; Transcriptome</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e0143219-e0143219</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Xu et al 2015 Xu et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-561f238c6ac5c385b1995b39e32c0cdcc1c79ead5463c05a7159af4af068190b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-561f238c6ac5c385b1995b39e32c0cdcc1c79ead5463c05a7159af4af068190b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4651501/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4651501/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26580562$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Shen, Wei</contributor><creatorcontrib>Xu, Shengyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Dingyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Dongsheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Che, Lianqiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Zhengfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, De</creatorcontrib><title>Reproductive Hormone and Transcriptomic Responses of Pituitary Tissue in Anestrus Gilts Induced by Nutrient Restriction</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The onset of estrus is a critical sign of female sexual maturity. The pituitary plays a vital role in this process by the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the effects of nutrient restriction on reproductive function and the underlying mechanisms involved, deep RNA sequencing of pituitary gland tissue was carried out to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gilts in normal estrus, and gilts in which anestrus was induced by nutrient restriction. Gilts which had gone through two estrus cycles were fed a normal (CON, 2.86kg/d, n = 10) or nutrient restricted (NR, 1kg/d, n = 10) diet. The NR gilts experienced another three estrus cycles, but did not express estrus symptoms at the anticipated 6th and 7th cycles. Body weight gain in NR gilts was significantly decreased by nutrient restriction. Gilts were considered as anestrus when blood progesterone concentrations lower than 1.0 ng/mL from three consecutive blood samples were recorded. 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Moreover, the transcriptomic changes in anestrus gilts associated with nutrient restriction could be a resource for targeted studies of genes and pathways potentially involved in the regulation of reproductive function and animal health.</description><subject>17β-Estradiol</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anestrus</subject><subject>Anestrus - genetics</subject><subject>Animal diseases</subject><subject>Animal Feed</subject><subject>Animal health</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood circulation</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Body weight gain</subject><subject>Caloric Restriction</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary restrictions</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>Estrus</subject><subject>Estrus - genetics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation</subject><subject>Gene Ontology</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genome</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone</subject><subject>Growth hormones</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Annotation</subject><subject>Nutrient concentrations</subject><subject>Nutrient cycles</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Ovary - metabolism</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Pituitary</subject><subject>Pituitary gland</subject><subject>Pituitary Gland - chemistry</subject><subject>Pituitary Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Pituitary hormones</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Progesterone</subject><subject>Progesterone - blood</subject><subject>Puberty</subject><subject>Reproduction - genetics</subject><subject>Ribonucleic acid</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>RNA sequencing</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Sexual maturity</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Signaling</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Transcription</subject><subject>Transcriptome</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk19v0zAUxSMEYqPwDRBYQkLw0OI_sZO8IFUTbJUmhkrh1XKcm9ZVGne2M9i3x1mzqUF7QHmI5fzuOTnXvknymuAZYRn5tLWda1Uz29sWZpikjJLiSXJKCkangmL29Gh9krzwfosxZ7kQz5MTKniOuaCnye8l7J2tOh3MDaAL63ZRDqm2QiunWq-d2Qe7MxotwUcnDx7ZGn03oTNBuVu0Mt53gEyL5i344DqPzk0TPFq0URQqVN6ib11wBtrQa8RVtLLty-RZrRoPr4b3JPn59cvq7GJ6eXW-OJtfTrUoaJhyQWrKci2U5prlvCRFwUtWAKMa60prorMCVMVTwTTmKiO8UHWqaixyUuCSTZK3B919Y70ceuYlyVhKs0ywPBKLA1FZtZV7Z3Yxl7TKyLsN69ZSuWB0AzIrKSlBR98sTZVKS8Ux1RRywLXg0Gt9Hty6cgeVjqGdakai4y-t2ci1vZGp4IRjEgU-DALOXnexXXJnvIamUS3Y7u6_eYE5jXEnybt_0MfTDdRaxQCmrW301b2onKcsLbIsz1mkZo9Q8akgnn28EbWJ-6OCj6OCyAT4E9aq814ufiz_n736NWbfH7EbUE3YeNt0_ZXxYzA9gNpZ7x3UD00mWPbzcd8N2c-HHOYjlr05PqCHovuBYH8BDlkNQQ</recordid><startdate>20151118</startdate><enddate>20151118</enddate><creator>Xu, Shengyu</creator><creator>Wang, Dingyue</creator><creator>Zhou, Dongsheng</creator><creator>Lin, Yan</creator><creator>Che, Lianqiang</creator><creator>Fang, Zhengfeng</creator><creator>Wu, De</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151118</creationdate><title>Reproductive Hormone and Transcriptomic Responses of Pituitary Tissue in Anestrus Gilts Induced by Nutrient Restriction</title><author>Xu, Shengyu ; Wang, Dingyue ; Zhou, Dongsheng ; Lin, Yan ; Che, Lianqiang ; Fang, Zhengfeng ; Wu, De</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-561f238c6ac5c385b1995b39e32c0cdcc1c79ead5463c05a7159af4af068190b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>17β-Estradiol</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anestrus</topic><topic>Anestrus - genetics</topic><topic>Animal diseases</topic><topic>Animal Feed</topic><topic>Animal health</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood circulation</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body weight gain</topic><topic>Caloric Restriction</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary restrictions</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>Estrus</topic><topic>Estrus - genetics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation</topic><topic>Gene Ontology</topic><topic>Gene sequencing</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genome</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone</topic><topic>Growth hormones</topic><topic>Hogs</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Annotation</topic><topic>Nutrient concentrations</topic><topic>Nutrient cycles</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Ovary - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xu, Shengyu</au><au>Wang, Dingyue</au><au>Zhou, Dongsheng</au><au>Lin, Yan</au><au>Che, Lianqiang</au><au>Fang, Zhengfeng</au><au>Wu, De</au><au>Shen, Wei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reproductive Hormone and Transcriptomic Responses of Pituitary Tissue in Anestrus Gilts Induced by Nutrient Restriction</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-11-18</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e0143219</spage><epage>e0143219</epage><pages>e0143219-e0143219</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The onset of estrus is a critical sign of female sexual maturity. The pituitary plays a vital role in this process by the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the effects of nutrient restriction on reproductive function and the underlying mechanisms involved, deep RNA sequencing of pituitary gland tissue was carried out to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gilts in normal estrus, and gilts in which anestrus was induced by nutrient restriction. Gilts which had gone through two estrus cycles were fed a normal (CON, 2.86kg/d, n = 10) or nutrient restricted (NR, 1kg/d, n = 10) diet. The NR gilts experienced another three estrus cycles, but did not express estrus symptoms at the anticipated 6th and 7th cycles. Body weight gain in NR gilts was significantly decreased by nutrient restriction. Gilts were considered as anestrus when blood progesterone concentrations lower than 1.0 ng/mL from three consecutive blood samples were recorded. Circulating concentrations of progesterone (< 1.0 ng/mL vs. 2.1 ng/mL) and estradiol (208.6 ng/mL vs. 371.8 ng/mL) were significantly lower in the NR gilts than in the CON gilts. Between 5,360,000 and 5,370,000 sequence reads per sample from the CON and NR gilts' pituitaries were obtained and mapped to the porcine genome. Analysis of read counts revealed 185 DEGs. Expression of selected genes was validated by the use of quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis identified that the genes identified were enriched in the GO terms "neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction", "GnRH signaling pathway" and "immune response system". Our findings provide a new perspective for understanding the nutrient restriction-induced reproductive impairment at the pituitary transcriptional level, and how this is linked to hormone secretion. Moreover, the transcriptomic changes in anestrus gilts associated with nutrient restriction could be a resource for targeted studies of genes and pathways potentially involved in the regulation of reproductive function and animal health.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26580562</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0143219</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2015-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e0143219-e0143219 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1734277638 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | 17β-Estradiol Analysis Anestrus Anestrus - genetics Animal diseases Animal Feed Animal health Animals Blood Blood circulation Body weight Body weight gain Caloric Restriction Diet Dietary restrictions Education Estradiol - blood Estrus Estrus - genetics Female Gene expression Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation Gene Ontology Gene sequencing Genes Genetic aspects Genome Genomes Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Growth hormones Hogs Hormones Immune response Immune system Kinases Laboratories Molecular Sequence Annotation Nutrient concentrations Nutrient cycles Nutrients Nutrition Ovary - metabolism Physiological aspects Pituitary Pituitary gland Pituitary Gland - chemistry Pituitary Gland - metabolism Pituitary hormones Polymerase chain reaction Progesterone Progesterone - blood Puberty Reproduction - genetics Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA sequencing Sex hormones Sexual maturity Signal transduction Signaling Swine Transcription Transcriptome |
| title | Reproductive Hormone and Transcriptomic Responses of Pituitary Tissue in Anestrus Gilts Induced by Nutrient Restriction |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-29T13%3A48%3A03IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reproductive%20Hormone%20and%20Transcriptomic%20Responses%20of%20Pituitary%20Tissue%20in%20Anestrus%20Gilts%20Induced%20by%20Nutrient%20Restriction&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Xu,%20Shengyu&rft.date=2015-11-18&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e0143219&rft.epage=e0143219&rft.pages=e0143219-e0143219&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0143219&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA434977883%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1734277638&rft_id=info:pmid/26580562&rft_galeid=A434977883&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_7b21beccdc744aa4ba502c2e8e0f65e8&rfr_iscdi=true |