Neurocognitive Impairments in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia and Their Relationships with Symptom Dimensions and Other Clinical Variables

Deficit schizophrenia (DS) has been proposed as a pathophysiologically distinct subgroup within schizophrenia. Earlier studies focusing on neurocognitive function of DS patients have yielded inconsistent findings ranging from substantial deficits to no significant difference relative to non-deficit...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2015-09, Vol.10 (9), p.e0138357-e0138357
Hauptverfasser: Yu, Miao, Tang, XiaoWei, Wang, Xiang, Zhang, XiangRong, Zhang, XiaoBin, Sha, WeiWei, Yao, ShuQiao, Shu, Ni, Zhang, XiangYang, Zhang, ZhiJun
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creator Yu, Miao
Tang, XiaoWei
Wang, Xiang
Zhang, XiangRong
Zhang, XiaoBin
Sha, WeiWei
Yao, ShuQiao
Shu, Ni
Zhang, XiangYang
Zhang, ZhiJun
description Deficit schizophrenia (DS) has been proposed as a pathophysiologically distinct subgroup within schizophrenia. Earlier studies focusing on neurocognitive function of DS patients have yielded inconsistent findings ranging from substantial deficits to no significant difference relative to non-deficit schizophrenia patients (NDS). The present study investigated the severity and characteristic patterns of neurocognitive impairments in DS and NDS patients and their relationships with clinical variables. Attention, ideation fluency, cognitive flexibility and visuospatial memory function were assessed in 40 DS patients, 57 NDS patients, and 52 healthy controls by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Both schizophrenia subgroups had overall more severe cognitive impairments than controls while DS performed worse on every neuropsychological measure except the Stroop interference than the NDS patients with age and education as the covariates. Profile analysis found significantly different patterns of cognitive profiles between two patients group mainly due to their differences in attention and cognitive flexibility functions. Age, education, illness duration and negative symptoms were found to have the correlations with cognitive impairments in the NDS group, while only age and the negative symptoms were correlated with the cognitive impairments in the DS group. Multiple regression analyses revealed that sustained attention and cognitive flexibility were the core impaired cognitive domains mediating other cognitive functions in DS and NDS patients respectively. DS patients exemplified worse in almost all cognitive domains than NDS patients. Sustained attention and cognitive flexibility might be the key impaired cognitive domains for DS and NDS patients respectively. The present study suggested the DS as a specific subgroup of schizophrenia.
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Earlier studies focusing on neurocognitive function of DS patients have yielded inconsistent findings ranging from substantial deficits to no significant difference relative to non-deficit schizophrenia patients (NDS). The present study investigated the severity and characteristic patterns of neurocognitive impairments in DS and NDS patients and their relationships with clinical variables. Attention, ideation fluency, cognitive flexibility and visuospatial memory function were assessed in 40 DS patients, 57 NDS patients, and 52 healthy controls by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Both schizophrenia subgroups had overall more severe cognitive impairments than controls while DS performed worse on every neuropsychological measure except the Stroop interference than the NDS patients with age and education as the covariates. Profile analysis found significantly different patterns of cognitive profiles between two patients group mainly due to their differences in attention and cognitive flexibility functions. Age, education, illness duration and negative symptoms were found to have the correlations with cognitive impairments in the NDS group, while only age and the negative symptoms were correlated with the cognitive impairments in the DS group. Multiple regression analyses revealed that sustained attention and cognitive flexibility were the core impaired cognitive domains mediating other cognitive functions in DS and NDS patients respectively. DS patients exemplified worse in almost all cognitive domains than NDS patients. Sustained attention and cognitive flexibility might be the key impaired cognitive domains for DS and NDS patients respectively. The present study suggested the DS as a specific subgroup of schizophrenia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138357</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26381645</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Analysis ; Behavioral sciences ; Care and treatment ; Case-Control Studies ; Cognition ; Cognition - physiology ; Cognition Disorders - complications ; Cognition Disorders - epidemiology ; Cognitive ability ; Education ; Emotional behavior ; Flexibility ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematical analysis ; Medical imaging ; Medicine ; Memory - physiology ; Mental disorders ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Patients ; Psychiatry ; Regression analysis ; Risk factors ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia - complications ; Schizophrenia - epidemiology ; Schizophrenia - physiopathology ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Signs and symptoms ; Spatial memory ; Speech disorders ; Studies ; Subgroups ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-09, Vol.10 (9), p.e0138357-e0138357</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Yu et al. 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Earlier studies focusing on neurocognitive function of DS patients have yielded inconsistent findings ranging from substantial deficits to no significant difference relative to non-deficit schizophrenia patients (NDS). The present study investigated the severity and characteristic patterns of neurocognitive impairments in DS and NDS patients and their relationships with clinical variables. Attention, ideation fluency, cognitive flexibility and visuospatial memory function were assessed in 40 DS patients, 57 NDS patients, and 52 healthy controls by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Both schizophrenia subgroups had overall more severe cognitive impairments than controls while DS performed worse on every neuropsychological measure except the Stroop interference than the NDS patients with age and education as the covariates. Profile analysis found significantly different patterns of cognitive profiles between two patients group mainly due to their differences in attention and cognitive flexibility functions. Age, education, illness duration and negative symptoms were found to have the correlations with cognitive impairments in the NDS group, while only age and the negative symptoms were correlated with the cognitive impairments in the DS group. Multiple regression analyses revealed that sustained attention and cognitive flexibility were the core impaired cognitive domains mediating other cognitive functions in DS and NDS patients respectively. DS patients exemplified worse in almost all cognitive domains than NDS patients. Sustained attention and cognitive flexibility might be the key impaired cognitive domains for DS and NDS patients respectively. The present study suggested the DS as a specific subgroup of schizophrenia.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26381645</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0138357</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Age
Aged
Analysis
Behavioral sciences
Care and treatment
Case-Control Studies
Cognition
Cognition - physiology
Cognition Disorders - complications
Cognition Disorders - epidemiology
Cognitive ability
Education
Emotional behavior
Flexibility
Hospitals
Humans
Male
Mathematical analysis
Medical imaging
Medicine
Memory - physiology
Mental disorders
Middle Aged
Neuropsychological Tests
Patients
Psychiatry
Regression analysis
Risk factors
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - complications
Schizophrenia - epidemiology
Schizophrenia - physiopathology
Schizophrenic Psychology
Severity of Illness Index
Signs and symptoms
Spatial memory
Speech disorders
Studies
Subgroups
Young Adult
title Neurocognitive Impairments in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia and Their Relationships with Symptom Dimensions and Other Clinical Variables
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