Identification of Cryptosporidium Species in Fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France
Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite that can cause severe diarrhea in a wide range of vertebrates including humans, is increasingly recognized as a parasite of a diverse range of wildlife species. However, little data are available regarding the identification of Cryptosporidium species and genoty...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS ONE 2015-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0133047-e0133047 |
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| creator | Certad, Gabriela Dupouy-Camet, Jean Gantois, Nausicaa Hammouma-Ghelboun, Ourida Pottier, Muriel Guyot, Karine Benamrouz, Sadia Osman, Marwan Delaire, Baptiste Creusy, Colette Viscogliosi, Eric Dei-Cas, Eduardo Aliouat-Denis, Cecile Marie Follet, Jérôme |
| description | Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite that can cause severe diarrhea in a wide range of vertebrates including humans, is increasingly recognized as a parasite of a diverse range of wildlife species. However, little data are available regarding the identification of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in wild aquatic environments, and more particularly in edible freshwater fish. To evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidiumspp. in fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France, 41 entire fish and 100 fillets (cuts of fish flesh) were collected from fishery suppliers around the lake. Nested PCR using degenerate primers followed by sequence analysis was used. Five fish species were identified as potential hosts of Cryptosporidium: Salvelinus alpinus, Esox lucius, Coregonus lavaretus, Perca fluviatilis, and Rutilus rutilus. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 15 out of 41 fish (37%), distributed as follows: 13 (87%) C. parvum, 1 (7%) C. molnari, and 1 (7%) mixed infection (C. parvum and C. molnari). C. molnari was identified in the stomach, while C. parvum was found in the stomach and intestine. C. molnari was also detected in 1 out of 100 analyzed fillets. In order to identify Cryptosporidium subtypes, sequencing of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) was performed. Among the C. parvum positive samples, three gp60 subtypes were identified: IIaA15G2R1, IIaA16G2R1, and IIaA17G2R1. Histological examination confirmed the presence of potential developmental stages of C. parvum within digestive epithelial cells. These observations suggest that C. parvum is infecting fish, rather than being passively carried. Since C. parvum is a zoonotic species, fish potentially contaminated by the same subtypes found in terrestrial mammals would be an additional source of infection for humans and animals, and may also contribute to the contamination of the environment with this parasite. Moreover, the risk of human transmission is strengthened by the observation of edible fillet contamination. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0133047 |
| format | Article |
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However, little data are available regarding the identification of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in wild aquatic environments, and more particularly in edible freshwater fish. To evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidiumspp. in fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France, 41 entire fish and 100 fillets (cuts of fish flesh) were collected from fishery suppliers around the lake. Nested PCR using degenerate primers followed by sequence analysis was used. Five fish species were identified as potential hosts of Cryptosporidium: Salvelinus alpinus, Esox lucius, Coregonus lavaretus, Perca fluviatilis, and Rutilus rutilus. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 15 out of 41 fish (37%), distributed as follows: 13 (87%) C. parvum, 1 (7%) C. molnari, and 1 (7%) mixed infection (C. parvum and C. molnari). C. molnari was identified in the stomach, while C. parvum was found in the stomach and intestine. C. molnari was also detected in 1 out of 100 analyzed fillets. In order to identify Cryptosporidium subtypes, sequencing of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) was performed. Among the C. parvum positive samples, three gp60 subtypes were identified: IIaA15G2R1, IIaA16G2R1, and IIaA17G2R1. Histological examination confirmed the presence of potential developmental stages of C. parvum within digestive epithelial cells. These observations suggest that C. parvum is infecting fish, rather than being passively carried. Since C. parvum is a zoonotic species, fish potentially contaminated by the same subtypes found in terrestrial mammals would be an additional source of infection for humans and animals, and may also contribute to the contamination of the environment with this parasite. Moreover, the risk of human transmission is strengthened by the observation of edible fillet contamination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26213992</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Aquatic environment ; Contamination ; Cryptosporidium ; Cryptosporidium - classification ; Cryptosporidium - genetics ; Cryptosporidium hominis ; Cryptosporidium molnari ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; Developmental stages ; Diarrhea ; Epidemiology ; Epithelial cells ; Fillets ; Fish ; Fisheries ; Fishes - parasitology ; France ; Freshwater fish ; Genetic Loci ; Genotype & phenotype ; Genotypes ; Geography ; Glycoproteins ; Infections ; Intestine ; Lakes ; Life Sciences ; Mixed infection ; Parasites ; Parasitology ; Primers ; Protozoa ; Reptiles & amphibians ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics ; Salvelinus alpinus ; Sequences ; Stomach ; Terrestrial environments ; Vertebrates ; Wildlife ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>PLoS ONE, 2015-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0133047-e0133047</ispartof><rights>2015 Certad et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><rights>2015 Certad et al 2015 Certad et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c560t-b4e6fa798283d5b2609cd9d3929ea4ac1d437c9558f18049e3dda62f71ca5a133</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c560t-b4e6fa798283d5b2609cd9d3929ea4ac1d437c9558f18049e3dda62f71ca5a133</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0827-3188 ; 0000-0002-5805-7179</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4516323/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4516323/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2104,2930,23873,27931,27932,53798,53800</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26213992$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-04466364$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Langsley, Gordon</contributor><creatorcontrib>Certad, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dupouy-Camet, Jean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gantois, Nausicaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammouma-Ghelboun, Ourida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pottier, Muriel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guyot, Karine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benamrouz, Sadia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osman, Marwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delaire, Baptiste</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Creusy, Colette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viscogliosi, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dei-Cas, Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aliouat-Denis, Cecile Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Follet, Jérôme</creatorcontrib><title>Identification of Cryptosporidium Species in Fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France</title><title>PLoS ONE</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite that can cause severe diarrhea in a wide range of vertebrates including humans, is increasingly recognized as a parasite of a diverse range of wildlife species. However, little data are available regarding the identification of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in wild aquatic environments, and more particularly in edible freshwater fish. To evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidiumspp. in fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France, 41 entire fish and 100 fillets (cuts of fish flesh) were collected from fishery suppliers around the lake. Nested PCR using degenerate primers followed by sequence analysis was used. Five fish species were identified as potential hosts of Cryptosporidium: Salvelinus alpinus, Esox lucius, Coregonus lavaretus, Perca fluviatilis, and Rutilus rutilus. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 15 out of 41 fish (37%), distributed as follows: 13 (87%) C. parvum, 1 (7%) C. molnari, and 1 (7%) mixed infection (C. parvum and C. molnari). C. molnari was identified in the stomach, while C. parvum was found in the stomach and intestine. C. molnari was also detected in 1 out of 100 analyzed fillets. In order to identify Cryptosporidium subtypes, sequencing of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) was performed. Among the C. parvum positive samples, three gp60 subtypes were identified: IIaA15G2R1, IIaA16G2R1, and IIaA17G2R1. Histological examination confirmed the presence of potential developmental stages of C. parvum within digestive epithelial cells. These observations suggest that C. parvum is infecting fish, rather than being passively carried. Since C. parvum is a zoonotic species, fish potentially contaminated by the same subtypes found in terrestrial mammals would be an additional source of infection for humans and animals, and may also contribute to the contamination of the environment with this parasite. Moreover, the risk of human transmission is strengthened by the observation of edible fillet contamination.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium - classification</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium - genetics</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium hominis</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium molnari</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum</subject><subject>Developmental stages</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Epithelial cells</subject><subject>Fillets</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Fisheries</subject><subject>Fishes - parasitology</subject><subject>France</subject><subject>Freshwater fish</subject><subject>Genetic Loci</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Glycoproteins</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Lakes</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Mixed infection</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitology</subject><subject>Primers</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Reptiles & amphibians</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PLoS ONE</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Certad, Gabriela</au><au>Dupouy-Camet, Jean</au><au>Gantois, Nausicaa</au><au>Hammouma-Ghelboun, Ourida</au><au>Pottier, Muriel</au><au>Guyot, Karine</au><au>Benamrouz, Sadia</au><au>Osman, Marwan</au><au>Delaire, Baptiste</au><au>Creusy, Colette</au><au>Viscogliosi, Eric</au><au>Dei-Cas, Eduardo</au><au>Aliouat-Denis, Cecile Marie</au><au>Follet, Jérôme</au><au>Langsley, Gordon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Identification of Cryptosporidium Species in Fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France</atitle><jtitle>PLoS ONE</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-07-27</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0133047</spage><epage>e0133047</epage><pages>e0133047-e0133047</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite that can cause severe diarrhea in a wide range of vertebrates including humans, is increasingly recognized as a parasite of a diverse range of wildlife species. However, little data are available regarding the identification of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in wild aquatic environments, and more particularly in edible freshwater fish. To evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidiumspp. in fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France, 41 entire fish and 100 fillets (cuts of fish flesh) were collected from fishery suppliers around the lake. Nested PCR using degenerate primers followed by sequence analysis was used. Five fish species were identified as potential hosts of Cryptosporidium: Salvelinus alpinus, Esox lucius, Coregonus lavaretus, Perca fluviatilis, and Rutilus rutilus. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 15 out of 41 fish (37%), distributed as follows: 13 (87%) C. parvum, 1 (7%) C. molnari, and 1 (7%) mixed infection (C. parvum and C. molnari). C. molnari was identified in the stomach, while C. parvum was found in the stomach and intestine. C. molnari was also detected in 1 out of 100 analyzed fillets. In order to identify Cryptosporidium subtypes, sequencing of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) was performed. Among the C. parvum positive samples, three gp60 subtypes were identified: IIaA15G2R1, IIaA16G2R1, and IIaA17G2R1. Histological examination confirmed the presence of potential developmental stages of C. parvum within digestive epithelial cells. These observations suggest that C. parvum is infecting fish, rather than being passively carried. Since C. parvum is a zoonotic species, fish potentially contaminated by the same subtypes found in terrestrial mammals would be an additional source of infection for humans and animals, and may also contribute to the contamination of the environment with this parasite. Moreover, the risk of human transmission is strengthened by the observation of edible fillet contamination.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26213992</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0133047</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0827-3188</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-7179</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PLoS ONE, 2015-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0133047-e0133047 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1699200987 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Aquatic environment Contamination Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium - classification Cryptosporidium - genetics Cryptosporidium hominis Cryptosporidium molnari Cryptosporidium parvum Developmental stages Diarrhea Epidemiology Epithelial cells Fillets Fish Fisheries Fishes - parasitology France Freshwater fish Genetic Loci Genotype & phenotype Genotypes Geography Glycoproteins Infections Intestine Lakes Life Sciences Mixed infection Parasites Parasitology Primers Protozoa Reptiles & amphibians RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics Salvelinus alpinus Sequences Stomach Terrestrial environments Vertebrates Wildlife Zoonoses |
| title | Identification of Cryptosporidium Species in Fish from Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) in France |
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