Attentional Bias Associated with Habitual Self-Stigma in People with Mental Illness
As habitual self-stigma can have a tremendous negative impact on people with mental illness, it is of paramount importance to identify its risk factors. The present study aims to examine the potential contributory role of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma. People with mental illness having st...
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| description | As habitual self-stigma can have a tremendous negative impact on people with mental illness, it is of paramount importance to identify its risk factors. The present study aims to examine the potential contributory role of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma. People with mental illness having strong (n = 47) and weak (n = 47) habitual self-stigma completed a computerized emotional Stroop task which included stigma-related, positive, and non-affective words as stimuli. The strong habit group was found to exhibit faster color-naming of stigma-related words (compared to non-affective words), whereas the weak habit group showed no difference in the speed of response to different stimuli. These findings suggest that people with stronger habitual self-stigma may be more able to ignore the semantic meaning of stigma-related words and focus on the color-naming task. Moreover, people with stronger habitual self-stigma may have greater attentional avoidance of stigma-related material. The present study is the first to demonstrate a specific relationship between habitual self-stigma and biased processing of stigma-related information. In order to further determine the role and the nature of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma, future research should employ a broader range of experimental paradigms and measurement techniques to examine stigma-related attentional bias in people with mental illness. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0125545 |
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The present study aims to examine the potential contributory role of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma. People with mental illness having strong (n = 47) and weak (n = 47) habitual self-stigma completed a computerized emotional Stroop task which included stigma-related, positive, and non-affective words as stimuli. The strong habit group was found to exhibit faster color-naming of stigma-related words (compared to non-affective words), whereas the weak habit group showed no difference in the speed of response to different stimuli. These findings suggest that people with stronger habitual self-stigma may be more able to ignore the semantic meaning of stigma-related words and focus on the color-naming task. Moreover, people with stronger habitual self-stigma may have greater attentional avoidance of stigma-related material. The present study is the first to demonstrate a specific relationship between habitual self-stigma and biased processing of stigma-related information. In order to further determine the role and the nature of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma, future research should employ a broader range of experimental paradigms and measurement techniques to examine stigma-related attentional bias in people with mental illness.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125545</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26177536</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anxiety ; Attention ; Bias ; Cognition ; Cognitive models ; Color ; Emotions ; Female ; Habits ; Humans ; Information processing ; Male ; Measurement techniques ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Mental Disorders - physiopathology ; Mental Disorders - psychology ; Mental health care ; Naming ; Neuroses ; Obsessive compulsive disorder ; Prejudice - psychology ; Reaction Time ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Self Concept ; Self esteem ; Semantics ; Social Stigma ; Stereotypes ; Stigma ; Stimuli ; Stroop Test ; Studies</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0125545-e0125545</ispartof><rights>2015 Chan, Mak. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Chan, Mak 2015 Chan, Mak</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-9d4a2f0d66706cd3d6b99c9e4a0293738fe811a4f2f1ef7ee00b40ce12705a033</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-9d4a2f0d66706cd3d6b99c9e4a0293738fe811a4f2f1ef7ee00b40ce12705a033</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4503620/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4503620/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26177536$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Franken, Ingmar H.A.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Chan, Kevin K S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mak, Winnie W S</creatorcontrib><title>Attentional Bias Associated with Habitual Self-Stigma in People with Mental Illness</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>As habitual self-stigma can have a tremendous negative impact on people with mental illness, it is of paramount importance to identify its risk factors. The present study aims to examine the potential contributory role of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma. People with mental illness having strong (n = 47) and weak (n = 47) habitual self-stigma completed a computerized emotional Stroop task which included stigma-related, positive, and non-affective words as stimuli. The strong habit group was found to exhibit faster color-naming of stigma-related words (compared to non-affective words), whereas the weak habit group showed no difference in the speed of response to different stimuli. These findings suggest that people with stronger habitual self-stigma may be more able to ignore the semantic meaning of stigma-related words and focus on the color-naming task. Moreover, people with stronger habitual self-stigma may have greater attentional avoidance of stigma-related material. The present study is the first to demonstrate a specific relationship between habitual self-stigma and biased processing of stigma-related information. In order to further determine the role and the nature of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma, future research should employ a broader range of experimental paradigms and measurement techniques to examine stigma-related attentional bias in people with mental illness.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognitive models</subject><subject>Color</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Habits</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measurement techniques</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - physiopathology</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Mental health care</subject><subject>Naming</subject><subject>Neuroses</subject><subject>Obsessive compulsive disorder</subject><subject>Prejudice - psychology</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Self esteem</subject><subject>Semantics</subject><subject>Social Stigma</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>Stigma</subject><subject>Stimuli</subject><subject>Stroop Test</subject><subject>Studies</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUk1vEzEUtBCIlsA_QLASFy4b_LX27gUpVEAjFYEUOFte-23qyFkH2wvi3-M026pFnGz5zZs34zcIvSR4SZgk73ZhiqP2y0MYYYkJbRrePELnpGO0FhSzx_fuZ-hZSjuMG9YK8RSdUUGkbJg4R5tVzjBmFwpV9cHpVK1SCsbpDLb67fJ1dal7l6dS3YAf6k12272u3Fh9g3DwcMJ8KRQFsfZ-hJSeoyeD9glezOcC_fj08fvFZX319fP6YnVVm4aKXHeWazpgK4TEwlhmRd91pgOuMe2YZO0ALSGaD3QgMEgAjHuODRAqcaMxYwv0-sR78CGp-T-SIqITopWc0YJYnxA26J06RLfX8Y8K2qmbhxC3SsfsjAfVFSVtZyWxjeHQt60ljFpLe0NIz6QsXO_naVO_B2uK5aj9A9KHldFdq234pXiD2XEJC_R2Jojh5wQpq71LBrzXI4TpRrekhLdlMQv05h_o_93xE8rEkFKE4U4MweqYkdsudcyImjNS2l7dN3LXdBsK9hcOd7ol</recordid><startdate>20150715</startdate><enddate>20150715</enddate><creator>Chan, Kevin K S</creator><creator>Mak, Winnie W S</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150715</creationdate><title>Attentional Bias Associated with Habitual Self-Stigma in People with Mental Illness</title><author>Chan, Kevin K S ; Mak, Winnie W S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-9d4a2f0d66706cd3d6b99c9e4a0293738fe811a4f2f1ef7ee00b40ce12705a033</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Bias</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognitive models</topic><topic>Color</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Habits</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Measurement techniques</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Mental Disorders - physiopathology</topic><topic>Mental Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>Mental health care</topic><topic>Naming</topic><topic>Neuroses</topic><topic>Obsessive compulsive disorder</topic><topic>Prejudice - psychology</topic><topic>Reaction Time</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Self Concept</topic><topic>Self esteem</topic><topic>Semantics</topic><topic>Social Stigma</topic><topic>Stereotypes</topic><topic>Stigma</topic><topic>Stimuli</topic><topic>Stroop Test</topic><topic>Studies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chan, Kevin K S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mak, Winnie W S</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chan, Kevin K S</au><au>Mak, Winnie W S</au><au>Franken, Ingmar H.A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Attentional Bias Associated with Habitual Self-Stigma in People with Mental Illness</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-07-15</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0125545</spage><epage>e0125545</epage><pages>e0125545-e0125545</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>As habitual self-stigma can have a tremendous negative impact on people with mental illness, it is of paramount importance to identify its risk factors. The present study aims to examine the potential contributory role of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma. People with mental illness having strong (n = 47) and weak (n = 47) habitual self-stigma completed a computerized emotional Stroop task which included stigma-related, positive, and non-affective words as stimuli. The strong habit group was found to exhibit faster color-naming of stigma-related words (compared to non-affective words), whereas the weak habit group showed no difference in the speed of response to different stimuli. These findings suggest that people with stronger habitual self-stigma may be more able to ignore the semantic meaning of stigma-related words and focus on the color-naming task. Moreover, people with stronger habitual self-stigma may have greater attentional avoidance of stigma-related material. The present study is the first to demonstrate a specific relationship between habitual self-stigma and biased processing of stigma-related information. In order to further determine the role and the nature of attentional bias in habitual self-stigma, future research should employ a broader range of experimental paradigms and measurement techniques to examine stigma-related attentional bias in people with mental illness.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26177536</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0125545</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Anxiety Attention Bias Cognition Cognitive models Color Emotions Female Habits Humans Information processing Male Measurement techniques Mental depression Mental disorders Mental Disorders - physiopathology Mental Disorders - psychology Mental health care Naming Neuroses Obsessive compulsive disorder Prejudice - psychology Reaction Time Risk analysis Risk factors Self Concept Self esteem Semantics Social Stigma Stereotypes Stigma Stimuli Stroop Test Studies |
| title | Attentional Bias Associated with Habitual Self-Stigma in People with Mental Illness |
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