Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors
2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose PET/CT is a well-established imaging method for staging, restaging and therapy-control in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, this imaging method could prove to be an attractive and innovative alternative to conventional imaging in order to improve staging and res...
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creator | Seiler, Stefanie M F Baumgartner, Christine Hirschberger, Johannes Beer, Ambros J Brühschwein, Andreas Kreutzmann, Nina Laberke, Silja Wergin, Melanie C Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea Brandl, Johanna von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin Farrell, Eliane Schwaiger, Markus |
description | 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose PET/CT is a well-established imaging method for staging, restaging and therapy-control in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, this imaging method could prove to be an attractive and innovative alternative to conventional imaging in order to improve staging and restaging. The aim of this study was both to evaluate the effectiveness of this image-guided method in canine patients with spontaneously occurring cancer as well as to illustrate the dog as a well-suited animal model for comparative oncology.
Ten dogs with various malignant tumors were included in the study and underwent a whole body FDG PET/CT. One patient has a second PET-CT 5 months after the first study. Patients were diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 2), mammary carcinoma (n = 4), sertoli cell tumor (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 1) and lung tumor (n = 1). PET/CT data were analyzed with the help of a 5-point scale in consideration of the patients' medical histories.
In seven of the ten dogs, the treatment protocol and prognosis were significantly changed due to the results of FDG PET/CT. In the patients with lymphoma (n = 2) tumor extent could be defined on PET/CT because of increased FDG uptake in multiple lymph nodes. This led to the recommendation for a therapeutic polychemotherapy as a treatment. In one of the dogs with mammary carcinoma (n = 4) and in the patient with the lung tumor (n = 1), surgery was cancelled due to the discovery of multiple metastasis. Consequently no treatment was recommended.
FDG PET/CT offers additional information in canine patients with malignant disease with a potential improvement of staging and restaging. The encouraging data of this clinical study highlights the possibility to further improve innovative diagnostic and staging methods with regard to comparative oncology. In the future, performing PET/CT not only for staging but also in therapy control could offer a significant improvement in the management of dogs with malignant tumors. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0127800 |
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Ten dogs with various malignant tumors were included in the study and underwent a whole body FDG PET/CT. One patient has a second PET-CT 5 months after the first study. Patients were diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 2), mammary carcinoma (n = 4), sertoli cell tumor (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 1) and lung tumor (n = 1). PET/CT data were analyzed with the help of a 5-point scale in consideration of the patients' medical histories.
In seven of the ten dogs, the treatment protocol and prognosis were significantly changed due to the results of FDG PET/CT. In the patients with lymphoma (n = 2) tumor extent could be defined on PET/CT because of increased FDG uptake in multiple lymph nodes. This led to the recommendation for a therapeutic polychemotherapy as a treatment. In one of the dogs with mammary carcinoma (n = 4) and in the patient with the lung tumor (n = 1), surgery was cancelled due to the discovery of multiple metastasis. Consequently no treatment was recommended.
FDG PET/CT offers additional information in canine patients with malignant disease with a potential improvement of staging and restaging. The encouraging data of this clinical study highlights the possibility to further improve innovative diagnostic and staging methods with regard to comparative oncology. In the future, performing PET/CT not only for staging but also in therapy control could offer a significant improvement in the management of dogs with malignant tumors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127800</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26068641</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Breast cancer ; Carcinoma ; Computed tomography ; Data processing ; Diagnostic systems ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dog Diseases - diagnosis ; Dog Diseases - pathology ; Dogs ; Emission analysis ; Female ; Fluorine isotopes ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Gastrointestinal cancer ; Glucose ; Lung cancer ; Lymph nodes ; Lymphatic system ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Mammary gland ; Medical diagnosis ; Medical imaging ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Neoplasms - veterinary ; Nuclear medicine ; Oncology ; Patients ; Positron emission ; Positron emission tomography ; Sarcoma ; Studies ; Surgery ; Therapy ; Tomography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tumors ; Veterinary medicine</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e0127800-e0127800</ispartof><rights>2015 Seiler et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Seiler et al 2015 Seiler et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-f59162d0db272621729306a10f199b8a77980cb4dc87d928e285cbda4bbb7c403</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-f59162d0db272621729306a10f199b8a77980cb4dc87d928e285cbda4bbb7c403</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4466332/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4466332/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79472,79473</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068641$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Paulmurugan, Ramasamy</contributor><creatorcontrib>Seiler, Stefanie M F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baumgartner, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirschberger, Johannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beer, Ambros J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brühschwein, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreutzmann, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laberke, Silja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wergin, Melanie C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brandl, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farrell, Eliane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwaiger, Markus</creatorcontrib><title>Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose PET/CT is a well-established imaging method for staging, restaging and therapy-control in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, this imaging method could prove to be an attractive and innovative alternative to conventional imaging in order to improve staging and restaging. The aim of this study was both to evaluate the effectiveness of this image-guided method in canine patients with spontaneously occurring cancer as well as to illustrate the dog as a well-suited animal model for comparative oncology.
Ten dogs with various malignant tumors were included in the study and underwent a whole body FDG PET/CT. One patient has a second PET-CT 5 months after the first study. Patients were diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 2), mammary carcinoma (n = 4), sertoli cell tumor (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 1) and lung tumor (n = 1). PET/CT data were analyzed with the help of a 5-point scale in consideration of the patients' medical histories.
In seven of the ten dogs, the treatment protocol and prognosis were significantly changed due to the results of FDG PET/CT. In the patients with lymphoma (n = 2) tumor extent could be defined on PET/CT because of increased FDG uptake in multiple lymph nodes. This led to the recommendation for a therapeutic polychemotherapy as a treatment. In one of the dogs with mammary carcinoma (n = 4) and in the patient with the lung tumor (n = 1), surgery was cancelled due to the discovery of multiple metastasis. Consequently no treatment was recommended.
FDG PET/CT offers additional information in canine patients with malignant disease with a potential improvement of staging and restaging. The encouraging data of this clinical study highlights the possibility to further improve innovative diagnostic and staging methods with regard to comparative oncology. In the future, performing PET/CT not only for staging but also in therapy control could offer a significant improvement in the management of dogs with malignant tumors.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>Carcinoma</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorine isotopes</subject><subject>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal cancer</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Lung cancer</subject><subject>Lymph nodes</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Lymphoma</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mammary gland</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Neoplasms - veterinary</subject><subject>Nuclear medicine</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Positron emission</subject><subject>Positron emission tomography</subject><subject>Sarcoma</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Therapy</subject><subject>Tomography</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Veterinary medicine</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUt1u0zAUjhCIjcEbILDETXeR1nZS29kFEurPmDS0SZQrhCzHdtJMTk6xk0IfizckWbupQ1zZOv5-zjn-ougtwWOScDK5g843yo030NgxJpQLjJ9FpyRLaMwoTp4f3U-iVyHcYTxNBGMvoxPKMBMsJafRnxnUG-VVW20tumk0OCh3F2ixVa7ri9AgKBCN5xZ-72Iafydi-aNwHXiI53HpOg3BotFyfnmObiFUre8Zi7oKYaCuoIbSq816Nxlsutaaoxoa3S5Wk9nqHBXgUbu26GuryqopB8s5lAH9qto1-qJcVTaqadGqq8GH19GLQrlg3xzOs-jbcrGafY6vby6vZp-uYz2lrI2LaUYYNdjklFNGCadZgpkiuCBZlgvFeSawzlOjBTcZFZaKqc6NSvM85zrFyVn0fq-7cRDkYdtBEia4oESkvEdc7REG1J3c-KpWfidBVfK-AL6UyreVdlYSwjQnzGgmeu0iz6jRZmpyW2hdpBnttT4e3Lq8tkbbpvXKPRF9-tJUa1nCVqYpY0kyCIwOAh5-dja0sv8FbZ1TjYXuvu9-AVk_WA_98A_0_9Ole5T2EIK3xWMzBMshgQ8sOSRQHhLY094dD_JIeohc8hdNSdsJ</recordid><startdate>20150612</startdate><enddate>20150612</enddate><creator>Seiler, Stefanie M F</creator><creator>Baumgartner, Christine</creator><creator>Hirschberger, Johannes</creator><creator>Beer, Ambros J</creator><creator>Brühschwein, Andreas</creator><creator>Kreutzmann, Nina</creator><creator>Laberke, Silja</creator><creator>Wergin, Melanie C</creator><creator>Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea</creator><creator>Brandl, Johanna</creator><creator>von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin</creator><creator>Farrell, Eliane</creator><creator>Schwaiger, Markus</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150612</creationdate><title>Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors</title><author>Seiler, Stefanie M F ; Baumgartner, Christine ; Hirschberger, Johannes ; Beer, Ambros J ; Brühschwein, Andreas ; Kreutzmann, Nina ; Laberke, Silja ; Wergin, Melanie C ; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea ; Brandl, Johanna ; von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin ; Farrell, Eliane ; Schwaiger, Markus</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-f59162d0db272621729306a10f199b8a77980cb4dc87d928e285cbda4bbb7c403</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>Carcinoma</topic><topic>Computed tomography</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - pathology</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Emission analysis</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorine isotopes</topic><topic>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal cancer</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lymph nodes</topic><topic>Lymphatic system</topic><topic>Lymphoma</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mammary gland</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Neoplasms - veterinary</topic><topic>Nuclear medicine</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Positron emission</topic><topic>Positron emission tomography</topic><topic>Sarcoma</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Therapy</topic><topic>Tomography</topic><topic>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Veterinary medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Seiler, Stefanie M F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baumgartner, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirschberger, Johannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beer, Ambros J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brühschwein, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreutzmann, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laberke, Silja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wergin, Melanie C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brandl, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farrell, Eliane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwaiger, Markus</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest_Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database (1962 - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Seiler, Stefanie M F</au><au>Baumgartner, Christine</au><au>Hirschberger, Johannes</au><au>Beer, Ambros J</au><au>Brühschwein, Andreas</au><au>Kreutzmann, Nina</au><au>Laberke, Silja</au><au>Wergin, Melanie C</au><au>Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea</au><au>Brandl, Johanna</au><au>von Thaden, Anne-Kathrin</au><au>Farrell, Eliane</au><au>Schwaiger, Markus</au><au>Paulmurugan, Ramasamy</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-06-12</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0127800</spage><epage>e0127800</epage><pages>e0127800-e0127800</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose PET/CT is a well-established imaging method for staging, restaging and therapy-control in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, this imaging method could prove to be an attractive and innovative alternative to conventional imaging in order to improve staging and restaging. The aim of this study was both to evaluate the effectiveness of this image-guided method in canine patients with spontaneously occurring cancer as well as to illustrate the dog as a well-suited animal model for comparative oncology.
Ten dogs with various malignant tumors were included in the study and underwent a whole body FDG PET/CT. One patient has a second PET-CT 5 months after the first study. Patients were diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 2), mammary carcinoma (n = 4), sertoli cell tumor (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 1) and lung tumor (n = 1). PET/CT data were analyzed with the help of a 5-point scale in consideration of the patients' medical histories.
In seven of the ten dogs, the treatment protocol and prognosis were significantly changed due to the results of FDG PET/CT. In the patients with lymphoma (n = 2) tumor extent could be defined on PET/CT because of increased FDG uptake in multiple lymph nodes. This led to the recommendation for a therapeutic polychemotherapy as a treatment. In one of the dogs with mammary carcinoma (n = 4) and in the patient with the lung tumor (n = 1), surgery was cancelled due to the discovery of multiple metastasis. Consequently no treatment was recommended.
FDG PET/CT offers additional information in canine patients with malignant disease with a potential improvement of staging and restaging. The encouraging data of this clinical study highlights the possibility to further improve innovative diagnostic and staging methods with regard to comparative oncology. In the future, performing PET/CT not only for staging but also in therapy control could offer a significant improvement in the management of dogs with malignant tumors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26068641</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0127800</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
ispartof | PloS one, 2015-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e0127800-e0127800 |
issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1687821847 |
source | PLoS; MEDLINE; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
subjects | Animals Breast cancer Carcinoma Computed tomography Data processing Diagnostic systems Disease Models, Animal Dog Diseases - diagnosis Dog Diseases - pathology Dogs Emission analysis Female Fluorine isotopes Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Gastrointestinal cancer Glucose Lung cancer Lymph nodes Lymphatic system Lymphoma Male Mammary gland Medical diagnosis Medical imaging Medical research Medicine Metastases Metastasis Neoplasms - veterinary Nuclear medicine Oncology Patients Positron emission Positron emission tomography Sarcoma Studies Surgery Therapy Tomography Tomography, X-Ray Computed Tumors Veterinary medicine |
title | Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors |
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