Spatial structure, transmission modes and the evolution of viral exploitation strategies
Spatial structure and local migration are predicted to promote the evolution of less aggressive host exploitation strategies in horizontally transmitted pathogens. Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transm...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS pathogens 2015-04, Vol.11 (4), p.e1004810-e1004810 |
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| creator | Berngruber, Thomas W Lion, Sébastien Gandon, Sylvain |
| description | Spatial structure and local migration are predicted to promote the evolution of less aggressive host exploitation strategies in horizontally transmitted pathogens. Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transmission. First, we analyse theoretically how vertical transmission can alter evolutionary trajectories and confirm that space can impede the spread of virulent pathogens. Second, we test this prediction using the latent phage λ which transmits horizontally and vertically in Escherichia coli populations. We show that the latent phage λ wins competition against the virulent mutant λcI857 in spatially structured epidemics, but loses when spatial structure is eroded. The vertical transmission of phage λ immunizes its local host pool against superinfection and prevents the spread of the virulent λcI857. This effect breaks down when mixing facilitates horizontal transmission to uninfected hosts. We thus confirm the importance of spatial structure for the evolutionary maintenance of prudent infection strategies in latent viruses. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004810 |
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Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transmission. First, we analyse theoretically how vertical transmission can alter evolutionary trajectories and confirm that space can impede the spread of virulent pathogens. Second, we test this prediction using the latent phage λ which transmits horizontally and vertically in Escherichia coli populations. We show that the latent phage λ wins competition against the virulent mutant λcI857 in spatially structured epidemics, but loses when spatial structure is eroded. The vertical transmission of phage λ immunizes its local host pool against superinfection and prevents the spread of the virulent λcI857. This effect breaks down when mixing facilitates horizontal transmission to uninfected hosts. 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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Berngruber TW, Lion S, Gandon S (2015) Spatial Structure, Transmission Modes and the Evolution of Viral Exploitation Strategies. 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Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transmission. First, we analyse theoretically how vertical transmission can alter evolutionary trajectories and confirm that space can impede the spread of virulent pathogens. Second, we test this prediction using the latent phage λ which transmits horizontally and vertically in Escherichia coli populations. We show that the latent phage λ wins competition against the virulent mutant λcI857 in spatially structured epidemics, but loses when spatial structure is eroded. The vertical transmission of phage λ immunizes its local host pool against superinfection and prevents the spread of the virulent λcI857. This effect breaks down when mixing facilitates horizontal transmission to uninfected hosts. We thus confirm the importance of spatial structure for the evolutionary maintenance of prudent infection strategies in latent viruses.</description><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteriophage lambda - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biodiversity and Ecology</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Competition</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Disease Transmission, Infectious</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - virology</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Host-virus relationships</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Populations and Evolution</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>1553-7374</issn><issn>1553-7366</issn><issn>1553-7374</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkl9v0zAUxSMEYmPwDRBE4oVJtNjxv-QFqZqAVaqGxEDizXLs69ZVGhfbqca3x1m7aZ14QXlIdPI75_pe36J4jdEUE4E_rv0QetVNt1uVphghWmP0pDjFjJGJIII-ffB9UryIcZ0ZTDB_XpxUrG5qUtHT4td1tjvVlTGFQachwIcyBdXHjYvR-b7ceAOxVL0p0wpK2PluSKPubblzIRvhZtt5l9StmlNUgqWD-LJ4ZlUX4dXhfVb8_PL5x8XlZPHt6_xitphozkWaWNbWjSUt5ZoLqg3STLQEW2wUqhHVoJGxAlWGqLbJbVPNQHOsjaqIBUrIWfF2n5tPEeVhKFFiXjPCG8JHYr4njFdruQ1uo8If6ZWTt4IPS6lCcroDSbXN5VFNdIVp09BGIc5YbShqleAKctanQ7Wh3YDR0OeGu6PQ4z-9W8ml30lKESMC5YDzfcDqke1ytpCjhipcVYRVO5zZ94diwf8eICaZL0VD16ke_DD2KFjNG9GwjL7bo0uV23C99bm6HnE5o7imnFEsMjX9B5UfAxunfQ_WZf3IcH5kyEyCm7RUQ4xyfv39P9irY5buWR18jAHs_SgwkuN2312kHLdbHrY72948nP696W6dyV9IFPaD</recordid><startdate>20150401</startdate><enddate>20150401</enddate><creator>Berngruber, Thomas W</creator><creator>Lion, Sébastien</creator><creator>Gandon, Sylvain</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2624-7856</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4081-0038</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20150401</creationdate><title>Spatial structure, transmission modes and the evolution of viral exploitation strategies</title><author>Berngruber, Thomas W ; Lion, Sébastien ; Gandon, Sylvain</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c667t-f5b89f3b46c674cd0c57b31f1da0804cec0df702d3ab93714c5ec61cda23fe433</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteriophage lambda - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biodiversity and Ecology</topic><topic>Biological Evolution</topic><topic>Competition</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Disease Transmission, Infectious</topic><topic>Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - virology</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Host-virus relationships</topic><topic>Identification and classification</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Populations and Evolution</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Berngruber, Thomas W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lion, Sébastien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gandon, Sylvain</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Canada</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PLoS pathogens</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Berngruber, Thomas W</au><au>Lion, Sébastien</au><au>Gandon, Sylvain</au><au>Brown, Sam Paul</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Spatial structure, transmission modes and the evolution of viral exploitation strategies</atitle><jtitle>PLoS pathogens</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Pathog</addtitle><date>2015-04-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e1004810</spage><epage>e1004810</epage><pages>e1004810-e1004810</pages><issn>1553-7374</issn><issn>1553-7366</issn><eissn>1553-7374</eissn><abstract>Spatial structure and local migration are predicted to promote the evolution of less aggressive host exploitation strategies in horizontally transmitted pathogens. Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transmission. First, we analyse theoretically how vertical transmission can alter evolutionary trajectories and confirm that space can impede the spread of virulent pathogens. Second, we test this prediction using the latent phage λ which transmits horizontally and vertically in Escherichia coli populations. We show that the latent phage λ wins competition against the virulent mutant λcI857 in spatially structured epidemics, but loses when spatial structure is eroded. The vertical transmission of phage λ immunizes its local host pool against superinfection and prevents the spread of the virulent λcI857. This effect breaks down when mixing facilitates horizontal transmission to uninfected hosts. 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| subjects | Bacteria Bacteriophage lambda - pathogenicity Biodiversity Biodiversity and Ecology Biological Evolution Competition Disease transmission Disease Transmission, Infectious Environmental Sciences Epidemics Epidemiology Escherichia coli - virology Experiments Host-virus relationships Identification and classification Infections Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Life Sciences Models, Theoretical Population Populations and Evolution Viruses |
| title | Spatial structure, transmission modes and the evolution of viral exploitation strategies |
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