An empirical analysis of primary and secondary pharmaceutical patents in Chile
We analyze the patent filing strategies of foreign pharmaceutical companies in Chile distinguishing between "primary" (active ingredient) and "secondary" patents (patents on modified compounds, formulations, dosages, particular medical uses, etc.). There is prior evidence that se...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2015-04, Vol.10 (4), p.e0124257-e0124257 |
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| creator | Abud, María José Hall, Bronwyn Helmers, Christian |
| description | We analyze the patent filing strategies of foreign pharmaceutical companies in Chile distinguishing between "primary" (active ingredient) and "secondary" patents (patents on modified compounds, formulations, dosages, particular medical uses, etc.). There is prior evidence that secondary patents are used by pharmaceutical originator companies in the U.S. and Europe to extend patent protection on drugs in length and breadth. Using a novel dataset that comprises all drugs registered in Chile between 1991 and 2010 as well as the corresponding patents and trademarks, we find evidence that foreign originator companies pursue similar strategies in Chile. We find a primary to secondary patents ratio of 1:4 at the drug-level, which is comparable to the available evidence for Europe; most secondary patents are filed over several years following the original primary patent and after the protected active ingredient has obtained market approval in Chile. This points toward effective patent term extensions through secondary patents. Secondary patents dominate "older" therapeutic classes like anti-ulcer and anti-depressants. In contrast, newer areas like anti-virals and anti-neoplastics (anti-cancer) have a much larger share of primary patents. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0124257 |
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Abud et al 2015 Abud et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ddceb6a786f64cf51bee494d23a192e0efe071a36ef3a6ab417cda3ae9e9b2c73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ddceb6a786f64cf51bee494d23a192e0efe071a36ef3a6ab417cda3ae9e9b2c73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411059/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411059/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915050$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Abud, María José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hall, Bronwyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Helmers, Christian</creatorcontrib><title>An empirical analysis of primary and secondary pharmaceutical patents in Chile</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>We analyze the patent filing strategies of foreign pharmaceutical companies in Chile distinguishing between "primary" (active ingredient) and "secondary" patents (patents on modified compounds, formulations, dosages, particular medical uses, etc.). 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In contrast, newer areas like anti-virals and anti-neoplastics (anti-cancer) have a much larger share of primary patents.</description><subject>Antidepressants</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Chemistry, Pharmaceutical</subject><subject>Chile</subject><subject>Competitive advantage</subject><subject>Datasets</subject><subject>Debates</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Drug Industry</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Empirical analysis</subject><subject>Formulations</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ingredients</subject><subject>Intellectual property</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Marketing</subject><subject>Patent law</subject><subject>Patents as Topic</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical industry</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical Preparations</subject><subject>Pharmaceuticals</subject><subject>Property 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Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Abud, María José</au><au>Hall, Bronwyn</au><au>Helmers, Christian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An empirical analysis of primary and secondary pharmaceutical patents in Chile</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-04-27</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0124257</spage><epage>e0124257</epage><pages>e0124257-e0124257</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>We analyze the patent filing strategies of foreign pharmaceutical companies in Chile distinguishing between "primary" (active ingredient) and "secondary" patents (patents on modified compounds, formulations, dosages, particular medical uses, etc.). There is prior evidence that secondary patents are used by pharmaceutical originator companies in the U.S. and Europe to extend patent protection on drugs in length and breadth. Using a novel dataset that comprises all drugs registered in Chile between 1991 and 2010 as well as the corresponding patents and trademarks, we find evidence that foreign originator companies pursue similar strategies in Chile. We find a primary to secondary patents ratio of 1:4 at the drug-level, which is comparable to the available evidence for Europe; most secondary patents are filed over several years following the original primary patent and after the protected active ingredient has obtained market approval in Chile. This points toward effective patent term extensions through secondary patents. Secondary patents dominate "older" therapeutic classes like anti-ulcer and anti-depressants. In contrast, newer areas like anti-virals and anti-neoplastics (anti-cancer) have a much larger share of primary patents.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25915050</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0124257</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antidepressants Cancer Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chile Competitive advantage Datasets Debates Developing countries Drug Industry Drugs Economics Empirical analysis Formulations Humans Ingredients Intellectual property LDCs Marketing Patent law Patents as Topic Pharmaceutical industry Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmaceuticals Property rights Trademarks |
| title | An empirical analysis of primary and secondary pharmaceutical patents in Chile |
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