Post-crackdown effectiveness of field-based forest law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon
Regulatory enforcement of forest conservation laws is often dismissed as an ineffective approach to reducing tropical forest loss. Yet, effective enforcement is often a precondition for alternative conservation measures, such as payments for environmental services, to achieve desired outcomes. Fair...
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| creator | Börner, Jan Kis-Katos, Krisztina Hargrave, Jorge König, Konstantin |
| description | Regulatory enforcement of forest conservation laws is often dismissed as an ineffective approach to reducing tropical forest loss. Yet, effective enforcement is often a precondition for alternative conservation measures, such as payments for environmental services, to achieve desired outcomes. Fair and efficient policies to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) will thus crucially depend on understanding the determinants and requirements of enforcement effectiveness. Among potential REDD candidate countries, Brazil is considered to possess the most advanced deforestation monitoring and enforcement infrastructure. This study explores a unique dataset of over 15 thousand point coordinates of enforcement missions in the Brazilian Amazon during 2009 and 2010, after major reductions of deforestation in the region. We study whether local deforestation patterns have been affected by field-based enforcement and to what extent these effects vary across administrative boundaries. Spatial matching and regression techniques are applied at different spatial resolutions. We find that field-based enforcement operations have not been universally effective in deterring deforestation during our observation period. Inspections have been most effective in reducing large-scale deforestation in the states of Mato Grosso and Pará, where average conservation effects were 4.0 and 9.9 hectares per inspection, respectively. Despite regional and actor-specific heterogeneity in inspection effectiveness, field-based law enforcement is highly cost-effective on average and might be enhanced by closer collaboration between national and state-level authorities. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0121544 |
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Yet, effective enforcement is often a precondition for alternative conservation measures, such as payments for environmental services, to achieve desired outcomes. Fair and efficient policies to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) will thus crucially depend on understanding the determinants and requirements of enforcement effectiveness. Among potential REDD candidate countries, Brazil is considered to possess the most advanced deforestation monitoring and enforcement infrastructure. This study explores a unique dataset of over 15 thousand point coordinates of enforcement missions in the Brazilian Amazon during 2009 and 2010, after major reductions of deforestation in the region. We study whether local deforestation patterns have been affected by field-based enforcement and to what extent these effects vary across administrative boundaries. Spatial matching and regression techniques are applied at different spatial resolutions. 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Despite regional and actor-specific heterogeneity in inspection effectiveness, field-based law enforcement is highly cost-effective on average and might be enhanced by closer collaboration between national and state-level authorities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121544</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25875656</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Brazil ; Conservation ; Conservation biology ; Conservation of Natural Resources - legislation & jurisprudence ; Deforestation ; Effectiveness ; Emissions control ; Environmental policy ; Environmental services ; Forest conservation ; Forest degradation ; Forest management ; Forestry ; Forestry laws ; Forests ; Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Hypotheses ; Inspection ; Inspection effectiveness ; Land economics ; Law Enforcement ; Rainforests ; Regions ; Software ; Tropical forests</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-04, Vol.10 (4), p.e0121544-e0121544</ispartof><rights>2015 Börner et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Börner et al 2015 Börner et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-c6589854938463d167c3fedf9f43b0ff23dd6b12d6b83c8a3241f400e284f6413</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-c6589854938463d167c3fedf9f43b0ff23dd6b12d6b83c8a3241f400e284f6413</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4398318/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4398318/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27845,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25875656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Machado, Ricardo Bomfim</contributor><creatorcontrib>Börner, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kis-Katos, Krisztina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hargrave, Jorge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>König, Konstantin</creatorcontrib><title>Post-crackdown effectiveness of field-based forest law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Regulatory enforcement of forest conservation laws is often dismissed as an ineffective approach to reducing tropical forest loss. Yet, effective enforcement is often a precondition for alternative conservation measures, such as payments for environmental services, to achieve desired outcomes. Fair and efficient policies to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) will thus crucially depend on understanding the determinants and requirements of enforcement effectiveness. Among potential REDD candidate countries, Brazil is considered to possess the most advanced deforestation monitoring and enforcement infrastructure. This study explores a unique dataset of over 15 thousand point coordinates of enforcement missions in the Brazilian Amazon during 2009 and 2010, after major reductions of deforestation in the region. We study whether local deforestation patterns have been affected by field-based enforcement and to what extent these effects vary across administrative boundaries. Spatial matching and regression techniques are applied at different spatial resolutions. 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| subjects | Brazil Conservation Conservation biology Conservation of Natural Resources - legislation & jurisprudence Deforestation Effectiveness Emissions control Environmental policy Environmental services Forest conservation Forest degradation Forest management Forestry Forestry laws Forests Heterogeneity Humans Hypotheses Inspection Inspection effectiveness Land economics Law Enforcement Rainforests Regions Software Tropical forests |
| title | Post-crackdown effectiveness of field-based forest law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon |
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