Unraveling antimicrobial resistance genes and phenotype patterns among Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail chicken products in Japan

Multidrug-resistant enterococci are considered crucial drivers for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance determinants within and beyond a genus. These organisms may pass numerous resistance determinants to other harmful pathogens, whose multiple resistances would cause adverse consequences....

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2015-03, Vol.10 (3), p.e0121189-e0121189
Hauptverfasser: Hidano, Arata, Yamamoto, Takehisa, Hayama, Yoko, Muroga, Norihiko, Kobayashi, Sota, Nishida, Takeshi, Tsutsui, Toshiyuki
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container_issue 3
container_start_page e0121189
container_title PloS one
container_volume 10
creator Hidano, Arata
Yamamoto, Takehisa
Hayama, Yoko
Muroga, Norihiko
Kobayashi, Sota
Nishida, Takeshi
Tsutsui, Toshiyuki
description Multidrug-resistant enterococci are considered crucial drivers for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance determinants within and beyond a genus. These organisms may pass numerous resistance determinants to other harmful pathogens, whose multiple resistances would cause adverse consequences. Therefore, an understanding of the coexistence epidemiology of resistance genes is critical, but such information remains limited. In this study, our first objective was to determine the prevalence of principal resistance phenotypes and genes among Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail chicken domestic products collected throughout Japan. Subsequent analysis of these data by using an additive Bayesian network (ABN) model revealed the co-appearance patterns of resistance genes and identified the associations between resistance genes and phenotypes. The common phenotypes observed among E. faecalis isolated from the domestic products were the resistances to oxytetracycline (58.4%), dihydrostreptomycin (50.4%), and erythromycin (37.2%), and the gene tet(L) was detected in 46.0% of the isolates. The ABN model identified statistically significant associations between tet(L) and erm(B), tet(L) and ant(6)-Ia, ant(6)-Ia and aph(3')-IIIa, and aph(3')-IIIa and erm(B), which indicated that a multiple-resistance profile of tetracycline, erythromycin, streptomycin, and kanamycin is systematic rather than random. Conversely, the presence of tet(O) was only negatively associated with that of erm(B) and tet(M), which suggested that in the presence of tet(O), the aforementioned multiple resistance is unlikely to be observed. Such heterogeneity in linkages among genes that confer the same phenotypic resistance highlights the importance of incorporating genetic information when investigating the risk factors for the spread of resistance. The epidemiological factors that underlie the persistence of systematic multiple-resistance patterns warrant further investigations with appropriate adjustments for ecological and bacteriological factors.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0121189
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These organisms may pass numerous resistance determinants to other harmful pathogens, whose multiple resistances would cause adverse consequences. Therefore, an understanding of the coexistence epidemiology of resistance genes is critical, but such information remains limited. In this study, our first objective was to determine the prevalence of principal resistance phenotypes and genes among Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail chicken domestic products collected throughout Japan. Subsequent analysis of these data by using an additive Bayesian network (ABN) model revealed the co-appearance patterns of resistance genes and identified the associations between resistance genes and phenotypes. The common phenotypes observed among E. faecalis isolated from the domestic products were the resistances to oxytetracycline (58.4%), dihydrostreptomycin (50.4%), and erythromycin (37.2%), and the gene tet(L) was detected in 46.0% of the isolates. The ABN model identified statistically significant associations between tet(L) and erm(B), tet(L) and ant(6)-Ia, ant(6)-Ia and aph(3')-IIIa, and aph(3')-IIIa and erm(B), which indicated that a multiple-resistance profile of tetracycline, erythromycin, streptomycin, and kanamycin is systematic rather than random. Conversely, the presence of tet(O) was only negatively associated with that of erm(B) and tet(M), which suggested that in the presence of tet(O), the aforementioned multiple resistance is unlikely to be observed. Such heterogeneity in linkages among genes that confer the same phenotypic resistance highlights the importance of incorporating genetic information when investigating the risk factors for the spread of resistance. The epidemiological factors that underlie the persistence of systematic multiple-resistance patterns warrant further investigations with appropriate adjustments for ecological and bacteriological factors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25781022</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0121189</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Bacteria
Bayesian analysis
Chickens - microbiology
Cities
Coexistence
Data processing
Dihydrostreptomycin
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics
Ecological monitoring
Enterococcus
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis - genetics
Enterococcus faecalis - isolation & purification
Enterococcus faecium
Epidemiology
Erythromycin
Food contamination & poisoning
Food Microbiology
Genes
Genes, Bacterial
Genetic aspects
Genotype & phenotype
Japan
Kanamycin
Microbial drug resistance
Models, Biological
Multidrug resistance
Oxytetracycline
Phenotypes
Poultry
Poultry Products - microbiology
Resistance factors
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Statistical analysis
Streptomycin
Studies
Suidae
Tetracycline Resistance - genetics
title Unraveling antimicrobial resistance genes and phenotype patterns among Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail chicken products in Japan
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