Within-trait heterogeneity in age group differences in personality domains and facets: implications for the development and coherence of personality traits
The study investigated differences in the Five-Factor Model (FFM) domains and facets across adulthood. The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if...
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description | The study investigated differences in the Five-Factor Model (FFM) domains and facets across adulthood. The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if the components of the trait scales (items for facet scales and facets for domain scales) showed consistent age group differences. For this, measurement invariance (MI) framework was used. In a sample of 2,711 Estonians who had completed the NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO PI-3), more than half of the facet scales and one domain scale did not meet the criterion for weak MI (factor loading equality) across 12 age groups spanning ages from 18 to 91 years. Furthermore, none of the facet and domain scales met the criterion for strong MI (intercept equality), suggesting that items of the same facets and facets of the same domains varied in age group differences. When items were residualized for their respective facets, 46% of them had significant (p < 0.0002) residual age-correlations. When facets were residualized for their domain scores, a majority had significant (p < 0.002) residual age-correlations. For each domain, a series of latent factors were specified using random quarters of their items: scores of such latent factors varied notably (within domains) in correlations with age. We argue that manifestations of aetiologically coherent traits should show similar age group differences. Given this, the FFM domains and facets as embodied in the NEO PI-3 do not reflect aetiologically coherent traits. |
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The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if the components of the trait scales (items for facet scales and facets for domain scales) showed consistent age group differences. For this, measurement invariance (MI) framework was used. In a sample of 2,711 Estonians who had completed the NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO PI-3), more than half of the facet scales and one domain scale did not meet the criterion for weak MI (factor loading equality) across 12 age groups spanning ages from 18 to 91 years. Furthermore, none of the facet and domain scales met the criterion for strong MI (intercept equality), suggesting that items of the same facets and facets of the same domains varied in age group differences. When items were residualized for their respective facets, 46% of them had significant (p < 0.0002) residual age-correlations. When facets were residualized for their domain scores, a majority had significant (p < 0.002) residual age-correlations. For each domain, a series of latent factors were specified using random quarters of their items: scores of such latent factors varied notably (within domains) in correlations with age. We argue that manifestations of aetiologically coherent traits should show similar age group differences. Given this, the FFM domains and facets as embodied in the NEO PI-3 do not reflect aetiologically coherent traits.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119667</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25751273</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Age differences ; Age groups ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Analysis ; Coherence ; Correlation ; Criteria ; Cross-sectional studies ; Discipline ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Genomes ; Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Psychological ; Older people ; Personality ; Personality traits ; Psychology ; Psychometrics ; Studies ; Trends ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-03, Vol.10 (3), p.e0119667-e0119667</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Mõttus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Mõttus et al 2015 Mõttus et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-658d135884ac953b2f93857a45a2013ccfa03d95696081657d7ba8e3bb5805a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-658d135884ac953b2f93857a45a2013ccfa03d95696081657d7ba8e3bb5805a63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4353719/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4353719/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25751273$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Aidman, Eugene V</contributor><creatorcontrib>Mõttus, René</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Realo, Anu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allik, Jüri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esko, Tõnu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metspalu, Andres</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Wendy</creatorcontrib><title>Within-trait heterogeneity in age group differences in personality domains and facets: implications for the development and coherence of personality traits</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The study investigated differences in the Five-Factor Model (FFM) domains and facets across adulthood. The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if the components of the trait scales (items for facet scales and facets for domain scales) showed consistent age group differences. For this, measurement invariance (MI) framework was used. In a sample of 2,711 Estonians who had completed the NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO PI-3), more than half of the facet scales and one domain scale did not meet the criterion for weak MI (factor loading equality) across 12 age groups spanning ages from 18 to 91 years. Furthermore, none of the facet and domain scales met the criterion for strong MI (intercept equality), suggesting that items of the same facets and facets of the same domains varied in age group differences. When items were residualized for their respective facets, 46% of them had significant (p < 0.0002) residual age-correlations. When facets were residualized for their domain scores, a majority had significant (p < 0.002) residual age-correlations. For each domain, a series of latent factors were specified using random quarters of their items: scores of such latent factors varied notably (within domains) in correlations with age. We argue that manifestations of aetiologically coherent traits should show similar age group differences. Given this, the FFM domains and facets as embodied in the NEO PI-3 do not reflect aetiologically coherent traits.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age differences</subject><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Coherence</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Criteria</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Discipline</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Models, Psychological</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Personality</subject><subject>Personality traits</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>Young 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When facets were residualized for their domain scores, a majority had significant (p < 0.002) residual age-correlations. For each domain, a series of latent factors were specified using random quarters of their items: scores of such latent factors varied notably (within domains) in correlations with age. We argue that manifestations of aetiologically coherent traits should show similar age group differences. Given this, the FFM domains and facets as embodied in the NEO PI-3 do not reflect aetiologically coherent traits.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25751273</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0119667</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Age differences Age groups Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Analysis Coherence Correlation Criteria Cross-sectional studies Discipline Epidemiology Female Genomes Heterogeneity Humans Male Middle Aged Models, Psychological Older people Personality Personality traits Psychology Psychometrics Studies Trends Young Adult |
title | Within-trait heterogeneity in age group differences in personality domains and facets: implications for the development and coherence of personality traits |
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