Within-trait heterogeneity in age group differences in personality domains and facets: implications for the development and coherence of personality traits

The study investigated differences in the Five-Factor Model (FFM) domains and facets across adulthood. The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2015-03, Vol.10 (3), p.e0119667-e0119667
Hauptverfasser: Mõttus, René, Realo, Anu, Allik, Jüri, Esko, Tõnu, Metspalu, Andres, Johnson, Wendy
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creator Mõttus, René
Realo, Anu
Allik, Jüri
Esko, Tõnu
Metspalu, Andres
Johnson, Wendy
description The study investigated differences in the Five-Factor Model (FFM) domains and facets across adulthood. The main questions were whether personality scales reflected coherent units of trait development and thereby coherent personality traits more generally. These questions were addressed by testing if the components of the trait scales (items for facet scales and facets for domain scales) showed consistent age group differences. For this, measurement invariance (MI) framework was used. In a sample of 2,711 Estonians who had completed the NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO PI-3), more than half of the facet scales and one domain scale did not meet the criterion for weak MI (factor loading equality) across 12 age groups spanning ages from 18 to 91 years. Furthermore, none of the facet and domain scales met the criterion for strong MI (intercept equality), suggesting that items of the same facets and facets of the same domains varied in age group differences. When items were residualized for their respective facets, 46% of them had significant (p < 0.0002) residual age-correlations. When facets were residualized for their domain scores, a majority had significant (p < 0.002) residual age-correlations. For each domain, a series of latent factors were specified using random quarters of their items: scores of such latent factors varied notably (within domains) in correlations with age. We argue that manifestations of aetiologically coherent traits should show similar age group differences. Given this, the FFM domains and facets as embodied in the NEO PI-3 do not reflect aetiologically coherent traits.
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Age
Age differences
Age groups
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Analysis
Coherence
Correlation
Criteria
Cross-sectional studies
Discipline
Epidemiology
Female
Genomes
Heterogeneity
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Psychological
Older people
Personality
Personality traits
Psychology
Psychometrics
Studies
Trends
Young Adult
title Within-trait heterogeneity in age group differences in personality domains and facets: implications for the development and coherence of personality traits
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