The fucosylation inhibitor, 2-fluorofucose, inhibits vaso-occlusion, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and NF-ĸB activation in transgenic sickle mice
2-Fluorofucose (2FF) blocks the fucosylation and the tethering of sialyl-Lewisx tetrasaccharide and structural variants on leukocytes and red blood cells to P- and E-selectins on activated endothelial cell surfaces. Because P- and E-selectin are required for vaso-occlusion in murine sickle cell dise...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2015-02, Vol.10 (2), p.e0117772-e0117772 |
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| creator | Belcher, John D Chen, Chunsheng Nguyen, Julia Abdulla, Fuad Nguyen, Phong Nguyen, Minh Okeley, Nicole M Benjamin, Dennis R Senter, Peter D Vercellotti, Gregory M |
| description | 2-Fluorofucose (2FF) blocks the fucosylation and the tethering of sialyl-Lewisx tetrasaccharide and structural variants on leukocytes and red blood cells to P- and E-selectins on activated endothelial cell surfaces. Because P- and E-selectin are required for vaso-occlusion in murine sickle cell disease (SCD), we investigated whether 2FF would inhibit vaso-occlusion in SCD mice. Microvascular stasis was measured in subcutaneous venules in NY1DD and HbSS-Townes SCD mice with dorsal skin-fold chambers after infusion of hemoglobin or exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation. 2FF in drinking water or administered by gavage inhibited stasis in sickle mice in a dose-responsive manner. Significant inhibitory effects on stasis were seen 1 day post-treatment. 2FF treatment of SCD mice also significantly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion along the vessel walls of SCD mice and the static adhesion of neutrophils and sickle red blood cells isolated from 2FF-treated SCD mice to resting and activated endothelial cells. Total white blood cell counts increased in response to 2FF. NF-ĸB activation and VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression were inhibited in the livers of SCD mice consistent with an overall decrease in vascular inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion physiology. Pretreatment with 2FF completely eliminated heme-induced lethality in HbSS-Townes mice, consistent with the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesive properties of 2FF in SCD mice. These data suggest that 2FF may be beneficial for preventing or treating vaso-occlusive crises in SCD patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0117772 |
| format | Article |
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Because P- and E-selectin are required for vaso-occlusion in murine sickle cell disease (SCD), we investigated whether 2FF would inhibit vaso-occlusion in SCD mice. Microvascular stasis was measured in subcutaneous venules in NY1DD and HbSS-Townes SCD mice with dorsal skin-fold chambers after infusion of hemoglobin or exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation. 2FF in drinking water or administered by gavage inhibited stasis in sickle mice in a dose-responsive manner. Significant inhibitory effects on stasis were seen 1 day post-treatment. 2FF treatment of SCD mice also significantly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion along the vessel walls of SCD mice and the static adhesion of neutrophils and sickle red blood cells isolated from 2FF-treated SCD mice to resting and activated endothelial cells. Total white blood cell counts increased in response to 2FF. NF-ĸB activation and VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression were inhibited in the livers of SCD mice consistent with an overall decrease in vascular inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion physiology. Pretreatment with 2FF completely eliminated heme-induced lethality in HbSS-Townes mice, consistent with the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesive properties of 2FF in SCD mice. These data suggest that 2FF may be beneficial for preventing or treating vaso-occlusive crises in SCD patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117772</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25706118</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adhesion ; Anemia ; Anemia, Sickle Cell - drug therapy ; Anemia, Sickle Cell - metabolism ; Animals ; Biology ; Blood ; Blood cells ; Cell activation ; Cell Adhesion - drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drinking water ; E-selectin ; Endothelial cells ; Endothelial Cells - drug effects ; Endothelial Cells - metabolism ; Endothelium ; Endothelium - drug effects ; Endothelium - metabolism ; Erythrocytes ; Erythrocytes - drug effects ; Erythrocytes - metabolism ; Female ; Fucose - pharmacology ; Genetics ; Hair ; Hematology ; Heme ; Heme - metabolism ; Hemoglobin ; Hemoglobins - metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Inflammation ; Inflammation - drug therapy ; Inflammation - metabolism ; Infusion ; Inhibition ; Ischemia ; Lethality ; Leukocyte rolling ; Leukocyte Rolling - drug effects ; Leukocytes ; Leukocytes (neutrophilic) ; Leukocytes - drug effects ; Leukocytes - metabolism ; Ligands ; Male ; Medicine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microcirculation - drug effects ; Microscopy ; Microvasculature ; Neutrophils ; Neutrophils - drug effects ; Neutrophils - metabolism ; NF-kappa B - metabolism ; Occlusion ; Oncology ; Pretreatment ; Red blood cells ; Reperfusion ; Rodents ; Selectins ; Sickle cell disease ; Skin ; Tethering ; Transgenic mice ; Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism ; Venules - drug effects ; Venules - metabolism ; White blood cells</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-02, Vol.10 (2), p.e0117772-e0117772</ispartof><rights>2015 Belcher et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Belcher et al 2015 Belcher et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4372-31b547e6838d9aa1fa6db6b35a0573b535a6b8edfbdbd045250274b83ec111b73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4372-31b547e6838d9aa1fa6db6b35a0573b535a6b8edfbdbd045250274b83ec111b73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4338063/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4338063/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25706118$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Sperandio, Markus</contributor><creatorcontrib>Belcher, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chunsheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdulla, Fuad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Phong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Minh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okeley, Nicole M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benjamin, Dennis R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senter, Peter D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vercellotti, Gregory M</creatorcontrib><title>The fucosylation inhibitor, 2-fluorofucose, inhibits vaso-occlusion, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and NF-ĸB activation in transgenic sickle mice</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>2-Fluorofucose (2FF) blocks the fucosylation and the tethering of sialyl-Lewisx tetrasaccharide and structural variants on leukocytes and red blood cells to P- and E-selectins on activated endothelial cell surfaces. Because P- and E-selectin are required for vaso-occlusion in murine sickle cell disease (SCD), we investigated whether 2FF would inhibit vaso-occlusion in SCD mice. Microvascular stasis was measured in subcutaneous venules in NY1DD and HbSS-Townes SCD mice with dorsal skin-fold chambers after infusion of hemoglobin or exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation. 2FF in drinking water or administered by gavage inhibited stasis in sickle mice in a dose-responsive manner. Significant inhibitory effects on stasis were seen 1 day post-treatment. 2FF treatment of SCD mice also significantly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion along the vessel walls of SCD mice and the static adhesion of neutrophils and sickle red blood cells isolated from 2FF-treated SCD mice to resting and activated endothelial cells. Total white blood cell counts increased in response to 2FF. NF-ĸB activation and VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression were inhibited in the livers of SCD mice consistent with an overall decrease in vascular inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion physiology. Pretreatment with 2FF completely eliminated heme-induced lethality in HbSS-Townes mice, consistent with the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesive properties of 2FF in SCD mice. These data suggest that 2FF may be beneficial for preventing or treating vaso-occlusive crises in SCD patients.</description><subject>Adhesion</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Anemia, Sickle Cell - drug therapy</subject><subject>Anemia, Sickle Cell - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood cells</subject><subject>Cell activation</subject><subject>Cell Adhesion - drug effects</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>E-selectin</subject><subject>Endothelial cells</subject><subject>Endothelial Cells - drug effects</subject><subject>Endothelial Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Endothelium</subject><subject>Endothelium - drug effects</subject><subject>Endothelium - metabolism</subject><subject>Erythrocytes</subject><subject>Erythrocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Erythrocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fucose - pharmacology</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Hair</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Heme</subject><subject>Heme - metabolism</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Hemoglobins - metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - drug therapy</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>Infusion</subject><subject>Inhibition</subject><subject>Ischemia</subject><subject>Lethality</subject><subject>Leukocyte rolling</subject><subject>Leukocyte Rolling - drug effects</subject><subject>Leukocytes</subject><subject>Leukocytes (neutrophilic)</subject><subject>Leukocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Leukocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Ligands</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred C57BL</subject><subject>Mice, Transgenic</subject><subject>Microcirculation - drug effects</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Microvasculature</subject><subject>Neutrophils</subject><subject>Neutrophils - drug effects</subject><subject>Neutrophils - metabolism</subject><subject>NF-kappa B - metabolism</subject><subject>Occlusion</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Pretreatment</subject><subject>Red blood cells</subject><subject>Reperfusion</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Selectins</subject><subject>Sickle cell disease</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Tethering</subject><subject>Transgenic mice</subject><subject>Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1</subject><subject>Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism</subject><subject>Venules - drug effects</subject><subject>Venules - metabolism</subject><subject>White blood cells</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUs1uEzEQXiEQLYU3QGCJC4ds8M_au7lUgopCpQou5Wz5ZzZx6rWDvRspT8Kr8AA8GJtmU7WIk0fz_cyM9RXFa4LnhNXkwzoOKSg_38QAc0xIXdf0SXFKFoyWgmL29EF9UrzIeY0xZ40Qz4sTymssCGlOi183K0DtYGLeedW7GJALK6ddH9MM0bL1Q0zxDofZEcpoq3IsozF-yKNkhjwMt9Hseigh2NivwLuhG-k9JGX2rhmpYNG3y_LP709o39oeh6E-qZCXEJxB2ZlbD6hzBl4Wz1rlM7ya3rPix-Xnm4uv5fX3L1cXH69LU7GaloxoXtUgGtbYhVKkVcJqoRlXmNdM87EQugHbaqstrjjlmNaVbhgYQoiu2Vnx9uC78THL6U-zJII3WHCxoCPj6sCwUa3lJrlOpZ2Mysm7RkxLqVLvjAdJNKEcMMaA26rVorGcga2ahijMbGVHr_Np2qA7sAbCeL1_ZPoYCW4ll3ErK8bGfdho8H4ySPHnALmXncsGvFcB4nDYu6IUCzFS3_1D_f911YFlUsw5QXu_DMFyn7OjSu5zJqecjbI3Dw-5Fx2Dxf4C-tvVCQ</recordid><startdate>20150223</startdate><enddate>20150223</enddate><creator>Belcher, John D</creator><creator>Chen, Chunsheng</creator><creator>Nguyen, Julia</creator><creator>Abdulla, Fuad</creator><creator>Nguyen, Phong</creator><creator>Nguyen, Minh</creator><creator>Okeley, Nicole M</creator><creator>Benjamin, Dennis R</creator><creator>Senter, Peter D</creator><creator>Vercellotti, Gregory M</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150223</creationdate><title>The fucosylation inhibitor, 2-fluorofucose, inhibits vaso-occlusion, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and NF-ĸB activation in transgenic sickle mice</title><author>Belcher, John D ; Chen, Chunsheng ; Nguyen, Julia ; Abdulla, Fuad ; Nguyen, Phong ; Nguyen, Minh ; Okeley, Nicole M ; Benjamin, Dennis R ; Senter, Peter D ; Vercellotti, Gregory M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4372-31b547e6838d9aa1fa6db6b35a0573b535a6b8edfbdbd045250274b83ec111b73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adhesion</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Anemia, Sickle Cell - drug therapy</topic><topic>Anemia, Sickle Cell - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood cells</topic><topic>Cell activation</topic><topic>Cell Adhesion - drug effects</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>E-selectin</topic><topic>Endothelial cells</topic><topic>Endothelial Cells - drug effects</topic><topic>Endothelial Cells - metabolism</topic><topic>Endothelium</topic><topic>Endothelium - drug effects</topic><topic>Endothelium - metabolism</topic><topic>Erythrocytes</topic><topic>Erythrocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Erythrocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fucose - pharmacology</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Hair</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Heme</topic><topic>Heme - metabolism</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Hemoglobins - metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Belcher, John D</au><au>Chen, Chunsheng</au><au>Nguyen, Julia</au><au>Abdulla, Fuad</au><au>Nguyen, Phong</au><au>Nguyen, Minh</au><au>Okeley, Nicole M</au><au>Benjamin, Dennis R</au><au>Senter, Peter D</au><au>Vercellotti, Gregory M</au><au>Sperandio, Markus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The fucosylation inhibitor, 2-fluorofucose, inhibits vaso-occlusion, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and NF-ĸB activation in transgenic sickle mice</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-02-23</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0117772</spage><epage>e0117772</epage><pages>e0117772-e0117772</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>2-Fluorofucose (2FF) blocks the fucosylation and the tethering of sialyl-Lewisx tetrasaccharide and structural variants on leukocytes and red blood cells to P- and E-selectins on activated endothelial cell surfaces. Because P- and E-selectin are required for vaso-occlusion in murine sickle cell disease (SCD), we investigated whether 2FF would inhibit vaso-occlusion in SCD mice. Microvascular stasis was measured in subcutaneous venules in NY1DD and HbSS-Townes SCD mice with dorsal skin-fold chambers after infusion of hemoglobin or exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation. 2FF in drinking water or administered by gavage inhibited stasis in sickle mice in a dose-responsive manner. Significant inhibitory effects on stasis were seen 1 day post-treatment. 2FF treatment of SCD mice also significantly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion along the vessel walls of SCD mice and the static adhesion of neutrophils and sickle red blood cells isolated from 2FF-treated SCD mice to resting and activated endothelial cells. Total white blood cell counts increased in response to 2FF. NF-ĸB activation and VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression were inhibited in the livers of SCD mice consistent with an overall decrease in vascular inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion physiology. Pretreatment with 2FF completely eliminated heme-induced lethality in HbSS-Townes mice, consistent with the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesive properties of 2FF in SCD mice. These data suggest that 2FF may be beneficial for preventing or treating vaso-occlusive crises in SCD patients.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25706118</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0117772</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2015-02, Vol.10 (2), p.e0117772-e0117772 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1658065692 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adhesion Anemia Anemia, Sickle Cell - drug therapy Anemia, Sickle Cell - metabolism Animals Biology Blood Blood cells Cell activation Cell Adhesion - drug effects Cells, Cultured Disease Models, Animal Drinking water E-selectin Endothelial cells Endothelial Cells - drug effects Endothelial Cells - metabolism Endothelium Endothelium - drug effects Endothelium - metabolism Erythrocytes Erythrocytes - drug effects Erythrocytes - metabolism Female Fucose - pharmacology Genetics Hair Hematology Heme Heme - metabolism Hemoglobin Hemoglobins - metabolism Humans Hypoxia Inflammation Inflammation - drug therapy Inflammation - metabolism Infusion Inhibition Ischemia Lethality Leukocyte rolling Leukocyte Rolling - drug effects Leukocytes Leukocytes (neutrophilic) Leukocytes - drug effects Leukocytes - metabolism Ligands Male Medicine Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Transgenic Microcirculation - drug effects Microscopy Microvasculature Neutrophils Neutrophils - drug effects Neutrophils - metabolism NF-kappa B - metabolism Occlusion Oncology Pretreatment Red blood cells Reperfusion Rodents Selectins Sickle cell disease Skin Tethering Transgenic mice Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism Venules - drug effects Venules - metabolism White blood cells |
| title | The fucosylation inhibitor, 2-fluorofucose, inhibits vaso-occlusion, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and NF-ĸB activation in transgenic sickle mice |
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