Association of reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) polymorphisms with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction
Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and in South Korea. Ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction (SBI) are complex, multifactorial diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for vas...
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description | Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and in South Korea. Ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction (SBI) are complex, multifactorial diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for vascular diseases, including stroke and SBI. Folate and vitamin B12 are important regulators of homocysteine metabolism. Reduced folate carrier (RFC), a bidirectional anion exchanger, mediates folate delivery to a variety of cells. We selected three known RFC-1 polymorphisms (-43C>T, 80A>G, 696T>C) and investigated their relationship to cerebral infarction in the Korean population. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze associations between the three RFC-1 polymorphisms, disease status, and folate and homocysteine levels in 584 ischemic stroke patients, 353 SBI patients, and 505 control subjects. The frequencies of the RFC-1 -43TT, 80GG, and 696CC genotypes differed significantly between the stroke and control groups. The RFC-1 80A>G substitution was also associated with small artery occlusion and SBI. In a gene-environment analysis, the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms in the ischemic stroke group had combined effects with all environmental factors. In summary, we found that the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms may be risk factors for ischemic stroke. |
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Ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction (SBI) are complex, multifactorial diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for vascular diseases, including stroke and SBI. Folate and vitamin B12 are important regulators of homocysteine metabolism. Reduced folate carrier (RFC), a bidirectional anion exchanger, mediates folate delivery to a variety of cells. We selected three known RFC-1 polymorphisms (-43C>T, 80A>G, 696T>C) and investigated their relationship to cerebral infarction in the Korean population. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze associations between the three RFC-1 polymorphisms, disease status, and folate and homocysteine levels in 584 ischemic stroke patients, 353 SBI patients, and 505 control subjects. The frequencies of the RFC-1 -43TT, 80GG, and 696CC genotypes differed significantly between the stroke and control groups. The RFC-1 80A>G substitution was also associated with small artery occlusion and SBI. In a gene-environment analysis, the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms in the ischemic stroke group had combined effects with all environmental factors. In summary, we found that the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms may be risk factors for ischemic stroke.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115295</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25659099</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anion exchanging ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Brain ; Brain infarction ; Brain Infarction - blood ; Brain Infarction - genetics ; Brain research ; Cerebral blood flow ; Cerebral infarction ; Diabetes ; Disease ; Ecological risk assessment ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency medical care ; Environmental effects ; Environmental factors ; Female ; Folic acid ; Gene polymorphism ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Genotypes ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Lung cancer ; Male ; Medicine ; Metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neurology ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Occlusion ; Patients ; Physiological aspects ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - genetics ; Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - metabolism ; Regulators ; Republic of Korea ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Stroke ; Stroke - blood ; Stroke - genetics ; Studies ; Substitution reactions ; Vascular diseases ; Veins & arteries ; Vitamin B ; Vitamin B 12 - blood ; Vitamin B12</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-02, Vol.10 (2), p.e0115295-e0115295</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Cho et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Cho et al 2015 Cho et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-e027d59ad43f7fd51f86189fcb547b7b204bee00f2a71a1cd594f8109f3f39403</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-e027d59ad43f7fd51f86189fcb547b7b204bee00f2a71a1cd594f8109f3f39403</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4319782/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4319782/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,862,883,2098,2917,23853,27911,27912,53778,53780,79355,79356</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659099$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Sengupta, Shantanu</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cho, Yunkyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jung O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jeong Han</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hye Mi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Young Joo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Seung Hun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Jinkun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Young Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ok Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Nam Keun</creatorcontrib><title>Association of reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) polymorphisms with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and in South Korea. Ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction (SBI) are complex, multifactorial diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for vascular diseases, including stroke and SBI. Folate and vitamin B12 are important regulators of homocysteine metabolism. Reduced folate carrier (RFC), a bidirectional anion exchanger, mediates folate delivery to a variety of cells. We selected three known RFC-1 polymorphisms (-43C>T, 80A>G, 696T>C) and investigated their relationship to cerebral infarction in the Korean population. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze associations between the three RFC-1 polymorphisms, disease status, and folate and homocysteine levels in 584 ischemic stroke patients, 353 SBI patients, and 505 control subjects. The frequencies of the RFC-1 -43TT, 80GG, and 696CC genotypes differed significantly between the stroke and control groups. The RFC-1 80A>G substitution was also associated with small artery occlusion and SBI. In a gene-environment analysis, the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms in the ischemic stroke group had combined effects with all environmental factors. In summary, we found that the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms may be risk factors for ischemic stroke.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Anion exchanging</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain infarction</subject><subject>Brain Infarction - blood</subject><subject>Brain Infarction - genetics</subject><subject>Brain research</subject><subject>Cerebral blood flow</subject><subject>Cerebral infarction</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Ecological risk assessment</subject><subject>Electrocardiography</subject><subject>Emergency medical care</subject><subject>Environmental effects</subject><subject>Environmental factors</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Folic acid</subject><subject>Gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Homocysteine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infarction</subject><subject>Ischemia</subject><subject>Lung cancer</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Occlusion</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><subject>Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - genetics</subject><subject>Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - metabolism</subject><subject>Regulators</subject><subject>Republic of Korea</subject><subject>Restriction fragment length polymorphism</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Stroke</subject><subject>Stroke - blood</subject><subject>Stroke - genetics</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Substitution reactions</subject><subject>Vascular diseases</subject><subject>Veins & arteries</subject><subject>Vitamin B</subject><subject>Vitamin B 12 - blood</subject><subject>Vitamin B12</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUl1rFDEUHUSxtfoPRAO-1IdZc_MxmbwUlmK1UBBEn0MmH7tZZyZrMqv035vtTktXSh7yde6599x7quot4AVQAZ82cZdG3S-2cXQLDMCJ5M-qU5CU1A3B9Pmj80n1KucNxpy2TfOyOiG84RJLeVqNy5yjCXoKcUTRo-TszjiLfOz15JDRKQWXakDn368ua_iItrG_HWLarkMeMvobpjUK2azdEAzKU4q_HNKjRTn0bpxQl3QYURi9Tmaf4nX1wus-uzfzflb9vPr84_JrffPty_Xl8qY2XNKpdpgIy6W2jHrhLQffNtBKbzrORCc6glnnHMaeaAEaTMEy3wKWnnoqGaZn1fsD77aPWc2tygoaTkBK2siCuD4gbNQbtU1h0OlWRR3U3UNMK6XTFEzvlPOWyVbQTkPLWgfataLrOssx0HL1hetizrbrBmdNUZ50f0R6_DOGtVrFP4pRkKIlheB8Jkjx987lSQ2lqa7v9eji7q5uCkQUaQX64T_o0-pm1EoXAaX_seQ1e1K1ZES2IBjQglo8gSrL7sdZfOXLFI8D2CHApJhzcv5BI2C1d-V9MWrvSjW7soS9e9yfh6B7G9J_oM_fsQ</recordid><startdate>20150206</startdate><enddate>20150206</enddate><creator>Cho, Yunkyung</creator><creator>Kim, Jung O</creator><creator>Lee, Jeong Han</creator><creator>Park, Hye Mi</creator><creator>Jeon, Young Joo</creator><creator>Oh, Seung Hun</creator><creator>Bae, Jinkun</creator><creator>Park, Young Seok</creator><creator>Kim, Ok Joon</creator><creator>Kim, Nam Keun</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150206</creationdate><title>Association of reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) polymorphisms with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction</title><author>Cho, Yunkyung ; Kim, Jung O ; Lee, Jeong Han ; Park, Hye Mi ; Jeon, Young Joo ; Oh, Seung Hun ; Bae, Jinkun ; Park, Young Seok ; Kim, Ok Joon ; Kim, Nam Keun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-e027d59ad43f7fd51f86189fcb547b7b204bee00f2a71a1cd594f8109f3f39403</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Anion exchanging</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Brain infarction</topic><topic>Brain Infarction - blood</topic><topic>Brain Infarction - genetics</topic><topic>Brain research</topic><topic>Cerebral blood flow</topic><topic>Cerebral infarction</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Ecological risk assessment</topic><topic>Electrocardiography</topic><topic>Emergency medical care</topic><topic>Environmental effects</topic><topic>Environmental factors</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Folic acid</topic><topic>Gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Homocysteine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infarction</topic><topic>Ischemia</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Occlusion</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic</topic><topic>Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - genetics</topic><topic>Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - metabolism</topic><topic>Regulators</topic><topic>Republic of Korea</topic><topic>Restriction fragment length polymorphism</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Stroke</topic><topic>Stroke - blood</topic><topic>Stroke - genetics</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Substitution reactions</topic><topic>Vascular diseases</topic><topic>Veins & arteries</topic><topic>Vitamin B</topic><topic>Vitamin B 12 - blood</topic><topic>Vitamin B12</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cho, Yunkyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jung O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jeong Han</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hye Mi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Young Joo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Seung Hun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Jinkun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Young Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ok Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Nam Keun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cho, Yunkyung</au><au>Kim, Jung O</au><au>Lee, Jeong Han</au><au>Park, Hye Mi</au><au>Jeon, Young Joo</au><au>Oh, Seung Hun</au><au>Bae, Jinkun</au><au>Park, Young Seok</au><au>Kim, Ok Joon</au><au>Kim, Nam Keun</au><au>Sengupta, Shantanu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association of reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) polymorphisms with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-02-06</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0115295</spage><epage>e0115295</epage><pages>e0115295-e0115295</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and in South Korea. Ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction (SBI) are complex, multifactorial diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for vascular diseases, including stroke and SBI. Folate and vitamin B12 are important regulators of homocysteine metabolism. Reduced folate carrier (RFC), a bidirectional anion exchanger, mediates folate delivery to a variety of cells. We selected three known RFC-1 polymorphisms (-43C>T, 80A>G, 696T>C) and investigated their relationship to cerebral infarction in the Korean population. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze associations between the three RFC-1 polymorphisms, disease status, and folate and homocysteine levels in 584 ischemic stroke patients, 353 SBI patients, and 505 control subjects. The frequencies of the RFC-1 -43TT, 80GG, and 696CC genotypes differed significantly between the stroke and control groups. The RFC-1 80A>G substitution was also associated with small artery occlusion and SBI. In a gene-environment analysis, the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms in the ischemic stroke group had combined effects with all environmental factors. In summary, we found that the RFC-1 -43C>T, 80A>G, and 696T>C polymorphisms may be risk factors for ischemic stroke.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25659099</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0115295</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Anion exchanging Asian Continental Ancestry Group Brain Brain infarction Brain Infarction - blood Brain Infarction - genetics Brain research Cerebral blood flow Cerebral infarction Diabetes Disease Ecological risk assessment Electrocardiography Emergency medical care Environmental effects Environmental factors Female Folic acid Gene polymorphism Genes Genetic aspects Genotypes Health risk assessment Health risks Homocysteine Humans Infarction Ischemia Lung cancer Male Medicine Metabolism Middle Aged Neurology NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Occlusion Patients Physiological aspects Polymerase chain reaction Polymorphism Polymorphism, Genetic Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - genetics Reduced Folate Carrier Protein - metabolism Regulators Republic of Korea Restriction fragment length polymorphism Risk analysis Risk factors Stroke Stroke - blood Stroke - genetics Studies Substitution reactions Vascular diseases Veins & arteries Vitamin B Vitamin B 12 - blood Vitamin B12 |
title | Association of reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) polymorphisms with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-15T18%3A15%3A27IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Association%20of%20reduced%20folate%20carrier-1%20(RFC-1)%20polymorphisms%20with%20ischemic%20stroke%20and%20silent%20brain%20infarction&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Cho,%20Yunkyung&rft.date=2015-02-06&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=e0115295&rft.epage=e0115295&rft.pages=e0115295-e0115295&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115295&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA429817413%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1652199369&rft_id=info:pmid/25659099&rft_galeid=A429817413&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_efd49873ba1848e1ae87bbbd50138e1f&rfr_iscdi=true |