Decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with Internet gaming disorder
Individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tend to exhibit disadvantageous risky decision-making not only in their real life but also in laboratory tasks. Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. H...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2015-01, Vol.10 (1), p.e0116471-e0116471 |
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| creator | Yao, Yuan-Wei Chen, Pin-Ru Li, Song Wang, Ling-Jiao Zhang, Jin-Tao Yip, Sarah W Chen, Gang Deng, Lin-Yuan Liu, Qin-Xue Fang, Xiao-Yi |
| description | Individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tend to exhibit disadvantageous risky decision-making not only in their real life but also in laboratory tasks. Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. However, the relationship between impaired decision-making and gain versus loss processing in the context of IGD is poorly understood. The main aim of the present study was to separately evaluate decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with IGD using the Cups task. Additionally, we further examined the effects of outcome magnitude and probability level on decision-making related to risky gains and losses respectively. Sixty college students with IGD and 42 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated. Results indicated that IGD subjects exhibited generally greater risk taking tendencies than HCs. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects made more disadvantageous risky choices in the loss domain (but not in the gain domain). Follow-up analyses indicated that the impairment was associated to insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude and probability level for risky losses among IGD subjects. In addition, higher Internet addiction severity scores were associated with percentage of disadvantageous risky options in the loss domain. These findings emphasize the effect of insensitivity to losses on disadvantageous decisions under risk in the context of IGD, which has implications for future intervention studies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0116471 |
| format | Article |
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Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. However, the relationship between impaired decision-making and gain versus loss processing in the context of IGD is poorly understood. The main aim of the present study was to separately evaluate decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with IGD using the Cups task. Additionally, we further examined the effects of outcome magnitude and probability level on decision-making related to risky gains and losses respectively. Sixty college students with IGD and 42 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated. Results indicated that IGD subjects exhibited generally greater risk taking tendencies than HCs. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects made more disadvantageous risky choices in the loss domain (but not in the gain domain). Follow-up analyses indicated that the impairment was associated to insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude and probability level for risky losses among IGD subjects. In addition, higher Internet addiction severity scores were associated with percentage of disadvantageous risky options in the loss domain. These findings emphasize the effect of insensitivity to losses on disadvantageous decisions under risk in the context of IGD, which has implications for future intervention studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116471</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25615595</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Addictions ; Analysis ; Brain research ; Case-Control Studies ; Cognitive ability ; College students ; Colleges & universities ; Decision making ; Decision Making - physiology ; Gambling ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D ; Internet ; Neurosciences ; Risk taking ; Somatotropin ; Students ; Students - psychology ; Studies ; Task complexity ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-01, Vol.10 (1), p.e0116471-e0116471</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (the “License”) Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1c8cf4c0d2a21a0a80fc5ea1725b13ac67c75c5be531ee0cc0036a7c9b5ea45b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1c8cf4c0d2a21a0a80fc5ea1725b13ac67c75c5be531ee0cc0036a7c9b5ea45b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4304794/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4304794/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79569,79570</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25615595$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yao, Yuan-Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Pin-Ru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Ling-Jiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jin-Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yip, Sarah W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Lin-Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Qin-Xue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Xiao-Yi</creatorcontrib><title>Decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with Internet gaming disorder</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tend to exhibit disadvantageous risky decision-making not only in their real life but also in laboratory tasks. Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. However, the relationship between impaired decision-making and gain versus loss processing in the context of IGD is poorly understood. The main aim of the present study was to separately evaluate decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with IGD using the Cups task. Additionally, we further examined the effects of outcome magnitude and probability level on decision-making related to risky gains and losses respectively. Sixty college students with IGD and 42 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated. Results indicated that IGD subjects exhibited generally greater risk taking tendencies than HCs. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects made more disadvantageous risky choices in the loss domain (but not in the gain domain). Follow-up analyses indicated that the impairment was associated to insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude and probability level for risky losses among IGD subjects. In addition, higher Internet addiction severity scores were associated with percentage of disadvantageous risky options in the loss domain. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yao, Yuan-Wei</au><au>Chen, Pin-Ru</au><au>Li, Song</au><au>Wang, Ling-Jiao</au><au>Zhang, Jin-Tao</au><au>Yip, Sarah W</au><au>Chen, Gang</au><au>Deng, Lin-Yuan</au><au>Liu, Qin-Xue</au><au>Fang, Xiao-Yi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with Internet gaming disorder</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2015-01-23</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0116471</spage><epage>e0116471</epage><pages>e0116471-e0116471</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tend to exhibit disadvantageous risky decision-making not only in their real life but also in laboratory tasks. Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. However, the relationship between impaired decision-making and gain versus loss processing in the context of IGD is poorly understood. The main aim of the present study was to separately evaluate decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with IGD using the Cups task. Additionally, we further examined the effects of outcome magnitude and probability level on decision-making related to risky gains and losses respectively. Sixty college students with IGD and 42 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated. Results indicated that IGD subjects exhibited generally greater risk taking tendencies than HCs. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects made more disadvantageous risky choices in the loss domain (but not in the gain domain). Follow-up analyses indicated that the impairment was associated to insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude and probability level for risky losses among IGD subjects. In addition, higher Internet addiction severity scores were associated with percentage of disadvantageous risky options in the loss domain. These findings emphasize the effect of insensitivity to losses on disadvantageous decisions under risk in the context of IGD, which has implications for future intervention studies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25615595</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0116471</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Addictions Analysis Brain research Case-Control Studies Cognitive ability College students Colleges & universities Decision making Decision Making - physiology Gambling Humans Immunoglobulin D Internet Neurosciences Risk taking Somatotropin Students Students - psychology Studies Task complexity Young Adult |
| title | Decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with Internet gaming disorder |
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