Asthma, allergy and eczema among adults in multifamily houses in Stockholm (3-HE study)--associations with building characteristics, home environment and energy use for heating
Risk factors for asthma, allergy and eczema were studied in a stratified random sample of adults in Stockholm. In 2005, 472 multifamily buildings (10,506 dwellings) were invited (one subject/dwelling) and 7,554 participated (73%). Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, adjusting...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e112960-e112960 |
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| description | Risk factors for asthma, allergy and eczema were studied in a stratified random sample of adults in Stockholm. In 2005, 472 multifamily buildings (10,506 dwellings) were invited (one subject/dwelling) and 7,554 participated (73%). Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, adjusting for gender, age, smoking, country of birth, income and years in the dwelling. In total, 11% had doctor's diagnosed asthma, 22% doctor's diagnosed allergy, 23% pollen allergy and 23% eczema. Doctor's diagnosed asthma was more common in dwellings with humid air (OR = 1.74) and mould odour (OR = 1.79). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was more common in buildings with supply exhaust air ventilation as compared to exhaust air only (OR = 1.45) and was associated with redecoration (OR = 1.48) and mould odour (OR = 2.35). Pollen allergy was less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.75) and was associated with humid air (OR = 1.76) and mould odour (OR = 2.36). Eczema was more common in larger buildings (OR 1.07) and less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.85) and was associated with water damage (OR = 1.47), humid air (OR = 1.73) and mould odour (OR = 2.01). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was less common in buildings with management accessibility both in the neighbourhood and in larger administrative divisions, as compared to management in the neighbourhood only (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.82). Pollen allergy was less common if the building maintenance was outsourced (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.51-0.88). Eczema was more common when management accessibility was only at the division level (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06-2.11). In conclusions, asthma, allergy or eczema were more common in buildings using less energy for heating, in larger buildings and in dwellings with redecorations, mould odour, dampness and humid air. There is a need to reduce indoor chemical emissions and to control dampness. Energy saving may have consequences for allergy and eczema. More epidemiological studies are needed on building management organization. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0112960 |
| format | Article |
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In 2005, 472 multifamily buildings (10,506 dwellings) were invited (one subject/dwelling) and 7,554 participated (73%). Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, adjusting for gender, age, smoking, country of birth, income and years in the dwelling. In total, 11% had doctor's diagnosed asthma, 22% doctor's diagnosed allergy, 23% pollen allergy and 23% eczema. Doctor's diagnosed asthma was more common in dwellings with humid air (OR = 1.74) and mould odour (OR = 1.79). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was more common in buildings with supply exhaust air ventilation as compared to exhaust air only (OR = 1.45) and was associated with redecoration (OR = 1.48) and mould odour (OR = 2.35). Pollen allergy was less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.75) and was associated with humid air (OR = 1.76) and mould odour (OR = 2.36). Eczema was more common in larger buildings (OR 1.07) and less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.85) and was associated with water damage (OR = 1.47), humid air (OR = 1.73) and mould odour (OR = 2.01). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was less common in buildings with management accessibility both in the neighbourhood and in larger administrative divisions, as compared to management in the neighbourhood only (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.82). Pollen allergy was less common if the building maintenance was outsourced (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.51-0.88). Eczema was more common when management accessibility was only at the division level (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06-2.11). In conclusions, asthma, allergy or eczema were more common in buildings using less energy for heating, in larger buildings and in dwellings with redecorations, mould odour, dampness and humid air. There is a need to reduce indoor chemical emissions and to control dampness. Energy saving may have consequences for allergy and eczema. More epidemiological studies are needed on building management organization.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112960</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25479551</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Accessibility ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Aged ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; Allergies ; Asthma ; Asthma - epidemiology ; Asthma - etiology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Buildings ; Decades ; Division ; Dwellings ; Ecological risk assessment ; Eczema ; Eczema - epidemiology ; Eczema - etiology ; Emissions ; Energy ; Energy conservation ; Energy consumption ; Energy efficiency ; Energy management ; Environment ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Fungi - pathogenicity ; Heating ; Home environment ; Houses ; Housing ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypersensitivity - epidemiology ; Hypersensitivity - etiology ; Male ; Management ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Middle Aged ; Moisture content ; Mold ; Odor ; Odors ; Organic chemistry ; Pollen ; Population ; Real estate management ; Regression analysis ; Residential areas ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal - epidemiology ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sick Building Syndrome - epidemiology ; Skin diseases ; Smoking ; Studies ; Survival analysis ; Sweden ; Systematic review ; Ventilation ; VOCs ; Volatile organic compounds ; Water damage</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e112960-e112960</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Norbäck et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Norbäck et al 2014 Norbäck et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c630t-183b4fd0802bd65387a7a7fa00f03669094c415b72796215cd616ba9ee2bfc4a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c630t-183b4fd0802bd65387a7a7fa00f03669094c415b72796215cd616ba9ee2bfc4a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4257552/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4257552/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,550,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25479551$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-239710$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Yao, Maosheng</contributor><creatorcontrib>Norbäck, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lampa, Erik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engvall, Karin</creatorcontrib><title>Asthma, allergy and eczema among adults in multifamily houses in Stockholm (3-HE study)--associations with building characteristics, home environment and energy use for heating</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Risk factors for asthma, allergy and eczema were studied in a stratified random sample of adults in Stockholm. In 2005, 472 multifamily buildings (10,506 dwellings) were invited (one subject/dwelling) and 7,554 participated (73%). Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, adjusting for gender, age, smoking, country of birth, income and years in the dwelling. In total, 11% had doctor's diagnosed asthma, 22% doctor's diagnosed allergy, 23% pollen allergy and 23% eczema. Doctor's diagnosed asthma was more common in dwellings with humid air (OR = 1.74) and mould odour (OR = 1.79). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was more common in buildings with supply exhaust air ventilation as compared to exhaust air only (OR = 1.45) and was associated with redecoration (OR = 1.48) and mould odour (OR = 2.35). Pollen allergy was less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.75) and was associated with humid air (OR = 1.76) and mould odour (OR = 2.36). Eczema was more common in larger buildings (OR 1.07) and less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.85) and was associated with water damage (OR = 1.47), humid air (OR = 1.73) and mould odour (OR = 2.01). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was less common in buildings with management accessibility both in the neighbourhood and in larger administrative divisions, as compared to management in the neighbourhood only (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.82). Pollen allergy was less common if the building maintenance was outsourced (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.51-0.88). Eczema was more common when management accessibility was only at the division level (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06-2.11). In conclusions, asthma, allergy or eczema were more common in buildings using less energy for heating, in larger buildings and in dwellings with redecorations, mould odour, dampness and humid air. There is a need to reduce indoor chemical emissions and to control dampness. Energy saving may have consequences for allergy and eczema. More epidemiological studies are needed on building management organization.</description><subject>Accessibility</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Air Pollution, Indoor</subject><subject>Allergies</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Asthma - epidemiology</subject><subject>Asthma - etiology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Buildings</subject><subject>Decades</subject><subject>Division</subject><subject>Dwellings</subject><subject>Ecological risk assessment</subject><subject>Eczema</subject><subject>Eczema - epidemiology</subject><subject>Eczema - etiology</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy conservation</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Energy efficiency</subject><subject>Energy management</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fungi - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Heating</subject><subject>Home environment</subject><subject>Houses</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypersensitivity</subject><subject>Hypersensitivity - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SWEPUB Uppsala universitet full text</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SWEPUB Uppsala universitet</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Norbäck, Dan</au><au>Lampa, Erik</au><au>Engvall, Karin</au><au>Yao, Maosheng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Asthma, allergy and eczema among adults in multifamily houses in Stockholm (3-HE study)--associations with building characteristics, home environment and energy use for heating</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-12-05</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e112960</spage><epage>e112960</epage><pages>e112960-e112960</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Risk factors for asthma, allergy and eczema were studied in a stratified random sample of adults in Stockholm. In 2005, 472 multifamily buildings (10,506 dwellings) were invited (one subject/dwelling) and 7,554 participated (73%). Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, adjusting for gender, age, smoking, country of birth, income and years in the dwelling. In total, 11% had doctor's diagnosed asthma, 22% doctor's diagnosed allergy, 23% pollen allergy and 23% eczema. Doctor's diagnosed asthma was more common in dwellings with humid air (OR = 1.74) and mould odour (OR = 1.79). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was more common in buildings with supply exhaust air ventilation as compared to exhaust air only (OR = 1.45) and was associated with redecoration (OR = 1.48) and mould odour (OR = 2.35). Pollen allergy was less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.75) and was associated with humid air (OR = 1.76) and mould odour (OR = 2.36). Eczema was more common in larger buildings (OR 1.07) and less common in buildings using more energy for heating (OR = 0.85) and was associated with water damage (OR = 1.47), humid air (OR = 1.73) and mould odour (OR = 2.01). Doctor's diagnosed allergy was less common in buildings with management accessibility both in the neighbourhood and in larger administrative divisions, as compared to management in the neighbourhood only (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.82). Pollen allergy was less common if the building maintenance was outsourced (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.51-0.88). Eczema was more common when management accessibility was only at the division level (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06-2.11). In conclusions, asthma, allergy or eczema were more common in buildings using less energy for heating, in larger buildings and in dwellings with redecorations, mould odour, dampness and humid air. There is a need to reduce indoor chemical emissions and to control dampness. Energy saving may have consequences for allergy and eczema. More epidemiological studies are needed on building management organization.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25479551</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0112960</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e112960-e112960 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1632810166 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; SWEPUB Freely available online; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Accessibility Adolescent Adult Adults Aged Air Pollution, Indoor Allergies Asthma Asthma - epidemiology Asthma - etiology Biology and Life Sciences Buildings Decades Division Dwellings Ecological risk assessment Eczema Eczema - epidemiology Eczema - etiology Emissions Energy Energy conservation Energy consumption Energy efficiency Energy management Environment Epidemiology Female Fungi - pathogenicity Heating Home environment Houses Housing Humans Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity - epidemiology Hypersensitivity - etiology Male Management Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged Moisture content Mold Odor Odors Organic chemistry Pollen Population Real estate management Regression analysis Residential areas Rhinitis Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal - epidemiology Risk analysis Risk Factors Sick Building Syndrome - epidemiology Skin diseases Smoking Studies Survival analysis Sweden Systematic review Ventilation VOCs Volatile organic compounds Water damage |
| title | Asthma, allergy and eczema among adults in multifamily houses in Stockholm (3-HE study)--associations with building characteristics, home environment and energy use for heating |
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