Reduction of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in Arabidopsis reveals impact on plant growth, seed and root development, and carbohydrate partitioning
Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyses the interconversion of glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and exists as plastidial (pPGM) and cytosolic (cPGM) isoforms. The plastidial isoform is essential for transitory starch synthesis in chloroplasts of leaves, whereas the cytosolic counte...
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| description | Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyses the interconversion of glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and exists as plastidial (pPGM) and cytosolic (cPGM) isoforms. The plastidial isoform is essential for transitory starch synthesis in chloroplasts of leaves, whereas the cytosolic counterpart is essential for glucose phosphate partitioning and, therefore, for syntheses of sucrose and cell wall components. In Arabidopsis two cytosolic isoforms (PGM2 and PGM3) exist. Both PGM2 and PGM3 are redundant in function as single mutants reveal only small or no alterations compared to wild type with respect to plant primary metabolism. So far, there are no reports of Arabidopsis plants lacking the entire cPGM or total PGM activity, respectively. Therefore, amiRNA transgenic plants were generated and used for analyses of various parameters such as growth, development, and starch metabolism. The lack of the entire cPGM activity resulted in a strongly reduced growth revealed by decreased rosette fresh weight, shorter roots, and reduced seed production compared to wild type. By contrast content of starch, sucrose, maltose and cell wall components were significantly increased. The lack of both cPGM and pPGM activities in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarf growth, prematurely die off, and inability to develop a functional inflorescence. The combined results are discussed in comparison to potato, the only described mutant with lack of total PGM activity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0112468 |
| format | Article |
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The plastidial isoform is essential for transitory starch synthesis in chloroplasts of leaves, whereas the cytosolic counterpart is essential for glucose phosphate partitioning and, therefore, for syntheses of sucrose and cell wall components. In Arabidopsis two cytosolic isoforms (PGM2 and PGM3) exist. Both PGM2 and PGM3 are redundant in function as single mutants reveal only small or no alterations compared to wild type with respect to plant primary metabolism. So far, there are no reports of Arabidopsis plants lacking the entire cPGM or total PGM activity, respectively. Therefore, amiRNA transgenic plants were generated and used for analyses of various parameters such as growth, development, and starch metabolism. The lack of the entire cPGM activity resulted in a strongly reduced growth revealed by decreased rosette fresh weight, shorter roots, and reduced seed production compared to wild type. By contrast content of starch, sucrose, maltose and cell wall components were significantly increased. The lack of both cPGM and pPGM activities in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarf growth, prematurely die off, and inability to develop a functional inflorescence. The combined results are discussed in comparison to potato, the only described mutant with lack of total PGM activity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112468</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25401493</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis - physiology ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biopolymers ; Biosynthesis ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Carbohydrates ; Cell walls ; Chloroplasts ; Cytosol - metabolism ; Dextrose ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzymes ; Exports ; Genetic engineering ; Glucose ; Growth ; Isoenzymes ; Isoforms ; Kinases ; Leaves ; Maltose ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Mutants ; Partitioning ; Phenotype ; Phosphates ; Phosphoglucomutase ; Phosphoglucomutase - genetics ; Phosphoglucomutase - metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Plant growth ; Plant Roots - metabolism ; Plant sciences ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Potatoes ; Root development ; Rosette ; Seeds - metabolism ; Starch ; Starch - metabolism ; Sucrose ; Sugar ; Sugars ; Tobacco ; Transgenic plants ; Weight reduction</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-11, Vol.9 (11), p.e112468-e112468</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Malinova et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Malinova et al 2014 Malinova et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-842954fe27cb86afbad39793177c1ec2df8e6983ad8f3492d568a517607308eb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-842954fe27cb86afbad39793177c1ec2df8e6983ad8f3492d568a517607308eb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4234415/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4234415/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25401493$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Kusano, Miyako</contributor><creatorcontrib>Malinova, Irina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kunz, Hans-Henning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alseekh, Saleh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herbst, Karoline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernie, Alisdair R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gierth, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fettke, Joerg</creatorcontrib><title>Reduction of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in Arabidopsis reveals impact on plant growth, seed and root development, and carbohydrate partitioning</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyses the interconversion of glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and exists as plastidial (pPGM) and cytosolic (cPGM) isoforms. 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By contrast content of starch, sucrose, maltose and cell wall components were significantly increased. The lack of both cPGM and pPGM activities in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarf growth, prematurely die off, and inability to develop a functional inflorescence. The combined results are discussed in comparison to potato, the only described mutant with lack of total PGM activity.</description><subject>Arabidopsis</subject><subject>Arabidopsis - physiology</subject><subject>Arabidopsis thaliana</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biopolymers</subject><subject>Biosynthesis</subject><subject>Carbohydrate Metabolism</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Cell walls</subject><subject>Chloroplasts</subject><subject>Cytosol - metabolism</subject><subject>Dextrose</subject><subject>Enzyme Activation</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Exports</subject><subject>Genetic engineering</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Isoenzymes</subject><subject>Isoforms</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Maltose</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolome</subject><subject>Metabolomics</subject><subject>Mutants</subject><subject>Partitioning</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>Phosphoglucomutase</subject><subject>Phosphoglucomutase - genetics</subject><subject>Phosphoglucomutase - metabolism</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant Roots - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant sciences</subject><subject>Plants, Genetically Modified</subject><subject>Potatoes</subject><subject>Root development</subject><subject>Rosette</subject><subject>Seeds - metabolism</subject><subject>Starch</subject><subject>Starch - metabolism</subject><subject>Sucrose</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><subject>Sugars</subject><subject>Tobacco</subject><subject>Transgenic plants</subject><subject>Weight reduction</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk9tq3DAQhk1padK0b1BaQaG0kN1aB59uCkvoYSEQSA-3QpbGthbbciQ57T5I37faXSesSy6KERbjb36Nfs9E0UscLzHN8IeNGW0v2uVgeljGGBOW5o-iU1xQskhJTB8f7U-iZ85t4jiheZo-jU5IwmLMCnoa_bkGNUqvTY9MhXwDSG69cabVEg2NcWHV7ShNN3rhAOkerawotTKD0w5ZuAXROqS7QUiPgsjQit6j2ppfvjlHDkAh0StkjfFIBbo1Qwe9P99HpbClabbKCg9oENbrXSG6r59HT6qgCy-m91n04_On7xdfF5dXX9YXq8uFzJLcL3JGioRVQDJZ5qmoSqFokRUUZ5nEIImqckiLnAqVV5QVRCVpLhKcpXFG4xxKeha9PugOrXF8ctRxnJIkydKcskCsD4QyYsMHqztht9wIzfcBY2u-q1u2wBktIJcQQ1kKhpkK5sckjauCsFKxjAatj9NpY9mBksEHK9qZ6PxLrxtem1vOCGUMJ0Hg3SRgzc0IzvNOOwlt8BzMuK87DYvs637zD_rw7SaqFuECuq9MOFfuRPmK4WAvywgO1PIBKjwKOi1D-1U6xGcJ72cJgfHw29didI6vv13_P3v1c86-PWKb0Hq-Ca067rrGzUF2AKU1zlmo7k3GMd9Nz50bfDc9fJqekPbq-AfdJ92NC_0LvNgXSw</recordid><startdate>20141117</startdate><enddate>20141117</enddate><creator>Malinova, Irina</creator><creator>Kunz, Hans-Henning</creator><creator>Alseekh, Saleh</creator><creator>Herbst, Karoline</creator><creator>Fernie, Alisdair R</creator><creator>Gierth, Markus</creator><creator>Fettke, Joerg</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141117</creationdate><title>Reduction of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in Arabidopsis reveals impact on plant growth, seed and root development, and carbohydrate partitioning</title><author>Malinova, Irina ; Kunz, Hans-Henning ; Alseekh, Saleh ; Herbst, Karoline ; Fernie, Alisdair R ; Gierth, Markus ; Fettke, Joerg</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-842954fe27cb86afbad39793177c1ec2df8e6983ad8f3492d568a517607308eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Arabidopsis</topic><topic>Arabidopsis - physiology</topic><topic>Arabidopsis thaliana</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biopolymers</topic><topic>Biosynthesis</topic><topic>Carbohydrate Metabolism</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Cell walls</topic><topic>Chloroplasts</topic><topic>Cytosol - metabolism</topic><topic>Dextrose</topic><topic>Enzyme Activation</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Exports</topic><topic>Genetic engineering</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Growth</topic><topic>Isoenzymes</topic><topic>Isoforms</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Maltose</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolome</topic><topic>Metabolomics</topic><topic>Mutants</topic><topic>Partitioning</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Phosphates</topic><topic>Phosphoglucomutase</topic><topic>Phosphoglucomutase - genetics</topic><topic>Phosphoglucomutase - metabolism</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant Roots - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Malinova, Irina</au><au>Kunz, Hans-Henning</au><au>Alseekh, Saleh</au><au>Herbst, Karoline</au><au>Fernie, Alisdair R</au><au>Gierth, Markus</au><au>Fettke, Joerg</au><au>Kusano, Miyako</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reduction of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in Arabidopsis reveals impact on plant growth, seed and root development, and carbohydrate partitioning</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-11-17</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e112468</spage><epage>e112468</epage><pages>e112468-e112468</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyses the interconversion of glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and exists as plastidial (pPGM) and cytosolic (cPGM) isoforms. The plastidial isoform is essential for transitory starch synthesis in chloroplasts of leaves, whereas the cytosolic counterpart is essential for glucose phosphate partitioning and, therefore, for syntheses of sucrose and cell wall components. In Arabidopsis two cytosolic isoforms (PGM2 and PGM3) exist. Both PGM2 and PGM3 are redundant in function as single mutants reveal only small or no alterations compared to wild type with respect to plant primary metabolism. So far, there are no reports of Arabidopsis plants lacking the entire cPGM or total PGM activity, respectively. Therefore, amiRNA transgenic plants were generated and used for analyses of various parameters such as growth, development, and starch metabolism. The lack of the entire cPGM activity resulted in a strongly reduced growth revealed by decreased rosette fresh weight, shorter roots, and reduced seed production compared to wild type. By contrast content of starch, sucrose, maltose and cell wall components were significantly increased. The lack of both cPGM and pPGM activities in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarf growth, prematurely die off, and inability to develop a functional inflorescence. The combined results are discussed in comparison to potato, the only described mutant with lack of total PGM activity.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25401493</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0112468</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Arabidopsis Arabidopsis - physiology Arabidopsis thaliana Biology and Life Sciences Biopolymers Biosynthesis Carbohydrate Metabolism Carbohydrates Cell walls Chloroplasts Cytosol - metabolism Dextrose Enzyme Activation Enzymes Exports Genetic engineering Glucose Growth Isoenzymes Isoforms Kinases Leaves Maltose Metabolism Metabolites Metabolome Metabolomics Mutants Partitioning Phenotype Phosphates Phosphoglucomutase Phosphoglucomutase - genetics Phosphoglucomutase - metabolism Photosynthesis Physiological aspects Physiology Plant growth Plant Roots - metabolism Plant sciences Plants, Genetically Modified Potatoes Root development Rosette Seeds - metabolism Starch Starch - metabolism Sucrose Sugar Sugars Tobacco Transgenic plants Weight reduction |
| title | Reduction of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in Arabidopsis reveals impact on plant growth, seed and root development, and carbohydrate partitioning |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-21T02%3A31%3A23IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reduction%20of%20the%20cytosolic%20phosphoglucomutase%20in%20Arabidopsis%20reveals%20impact%20on%20plant%20growth,%20seed%20and%20root%20development,%20and%20carbohydrate%20partitioning&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Malinova,%20Irina&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e112468&rft.epage=e112468&rft.pages=e112468-e112468&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112468&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA418424721%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1625576834&rft_id=info:pmid/25401493&rft_galeid=A418424721&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_439e8ce0ebba414d9320260f924bd473&rfr_iscdi=true |