Cephalometric pattern and nasal patency in children with primary snoring: the evidence of a direct correlation
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) might affect craniofacial growth and children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome present an increase in total and lower anterior heights of the face and a more anterior and inferior position of the hyoid bone when compared to nasal breathers. To investigate the co...
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description | Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) might affect craniofacial growth and children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome present an increase in total and lower anterior heights of the face and a more anterior and inferior position of the hyoid bone when compared to nasal breathers.
To investigate the correlation between rhinomanometric and cephalometric parameters in children with primary snoring (PS), without apnea or gas exchange abnormalities.
Thirty children with habitual snoring (16 females and 14 males) aged 4-8 years (mean age 6.85±1.51 years) were selected by a SDB validate questionnaire. All subjects underwent lateral cephalometric, panoramic radiographies.
In our sample 10 children (33%) had snoring 3 nights/week, 11 (37%) 4-6 nights/week and 9 (30%) every night/week. Overall 7 patients (23.3%) were affected by adenoid hypertrophy (AH), 4 (13.3%) by tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) and 13 (43.3%) by AH and TH. We found a more vertical position of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane (H⊥VT) in patients with a higher frequency (7.3±2.7 vs 7.6±3.7 vs 10.9±2.5 in children snoring 3 nights/week, 4-6 nights/week and every night/week respectively; p = 0.032). Concerning nasal patency significant correlations were found with ANB (maxillary and jaw position with respect to the cranial base), NS∧Ar (growth predictor), sumangle, FMA (total divergence), SnaSnp∧GoMe (inferior divergence), BaN∧PtGn (facial growth pattern), Phw1_PsP (posterosuperior airway space), AHC3H (the horizontal distance between the most anterosuperior point of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra).
The present study supports the relationship between nasal obstruction and specific craniofacial characteristics in children with primary snoring and lead us to hypothesize that nasal obstruction might explain the indirect link between snoring and cephalometric alterations. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0111675 |
format | Article |
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To investigate the correlation between rhinomanometric and cephalometric parameters in children with primary snoring (PS), without apnea or gas exchange abnormalities.
Thirty children with habitual snoring (16 females and 14 males) aged 4-8 years (mean age 6.85±1.51 years) were selected by a SDB validate questionnaire. All subjects underwent lateral cephalometric, panoramic radiographies.
In our sample 10 children (33%) had snoring 3 nights/week, 11 (37%) 4-6 nights/week and 9 (30%) every night/week. Overall 7 patients (23.3%) were affected by adenoid hypertrophy (AH), 4 (13.3%) by tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) and 13 (43.3%) by AH and TH. We found a more vertical position of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane (H⊥VT) in patients with a higher frequency (7.3±2.7 vs 7.6±3.7 vs 10.9±2.5 in children snoring 3 nights/week, 4-6 nights/week and every night/week respectively; p = 0.032). Concerning nasal patency significant correlations were found with ANB (maxillary and jaw position with respect to the cranial base), NS∧Ar (growth predictor), sumangle, FMA (total divergence), SnaSnp∧GoMe (inferior divergence), BaN∧PtGn (facial growth pattern), Phw1_PsP (posterosuperior airway space), AHC3H (the horizontal distance between the most anterosuperior point of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra).
The present study supports the relationship between nasal obstruction and specific craniofacial characteristics in children with primary snoring and lead us to hypothesize that nasal obstruction might explain the indirect link between snoring and cephalometric alterations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111675</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25360610</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Adenoid ; Airway management ; Apnea ; Breathers ; Breathing ; Cardiac arrhythmia ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Comparative analysis ; Correlation ; Craniofacial growth ; Divergence ; Female ; Females ; Gas exchange ; Humans ; Hyoid bone ; Hypertrophy ; Jaw ; Male ; Males ; Mandible ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Morphology ; Night ; Nose - physiopathology ; Otolaryngology ; Patients ; Pediatrics ; Respiration ; Respiratory tract ; Sects ; Sleep ; Sleep apnea ; Sleep disorders ; Snoring - physiopathology ; Spine ; Tonsil ; Vertebrae ; Vertical orientation</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e111675-e111675</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Zicari et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Zicari et al 2014 Zicari et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-165faf55a00a7278fadfbd3f17b4ee40cdc4fe70a031fcede5ba11009c4e5f283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-165faf55a00a7278fadfbd3f17b4ee40cdc4fe70a031fcede5ba11009c4e5f283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216138/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216138/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2104,2930,23873,27931,27932,53798,53800</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25360610$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Esposito, Susanna</contributor><creatorcontrib>Zicari, Anna Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duse, Marzia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Occasi, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luzzi, Valeria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortolani, Emanuela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bardanzellu, Flaminia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertin, Serena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polimeni, Antonella</creatorcontrib><title>Cephalometric pattern and nasal patency in children with primary snoring: the evidence of a direct correlation</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) might affect craniofacial growth and children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome present an increase in total and lower anterior heights of the face and a more anterior and inferior position of the hyoid bone when compared to nasal breathers.
To investigate the correlation between rhinomanometric and cephalometric parameters in children with primary snoring (PS), without apnea or gas exchange abnormalities.
Thirty children with habitual snoring (16 females and 14 males) aged 4-8 years (mean age 6.85±1.51 years) were selected by a SDB validate questionnaire. All subjects underwent lateral cephalometric, panoramic radiographies.
In our sample 10 children (33%) had snoring 3 nights/week, 11 (37%) 4-6 nights/week and 9 (30%) every night/week. Overall 7 patients (23.3%) were affected by adenoid hypertrophy (AH), 4 (13.3%) by tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) and 13 (43.3%) by AH and TH. We found a more vertical position of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane (H⊥VT) in patients with a higher frequency (7.3±2.7 vs 7.6±3.7 vs 10.9±2.5 in children snoring 3 nights/week, 4-6 nights/week and every night/week respectively; p = 0.032). Concerning nasal patency significant correlations were found with ANB (maxillary and jaw position with respect to the cranial base), NS∧Ar (growth predictor), sumangle, FMA (total divergence), SnaSnp∧GoMe (inferior divergence), BaN∧PtGn (facial growth pattern), Phw1_PsP (posterosuperior airway space), AHC3H (the horizontal distance between the most anterosuperior point of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra).
The present study supports the relationship between nasal obstruction and specific craniofacial characteristics in children with primary snoring and lead us to hypothesize that nasal obstruction might explain the indirect link between snoring and cephalometric alterations.</description><subject>Abnormalities</subject><subject>Adenoid</subject><subject>Airway management</subject><subject>Apnea</subject><subject>Breathers</subject><subject>Breathing</subject><subject>Cardiac arrhythmia</subject><subject>Cephalometry</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Craniofacial growth</subject><subject>Divergence</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gas exchange</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyoid bone</subject><subject>Hypertrophy</subject><subject>Jaw</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Mandible</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Night</subject><subject>Nose - physiopathology</subject><subject>Otolaryngology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Respiration</subject><subject>Respiratory tract</subject><subject>Sects</subject><subject>Sleep</subject><subject>Sleep apnea</subject><subject>Sleep disorders</subject><subject>Snoring - physiopathology</subject><subject>Spine</subject><subject>Tonsil</subject><subject>Vertebrae</subject><subject>Vertical orientation</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1trFDEUxwdRbK1-A9GAIPqwazKZzOz6IJTFS6FQ8PYaziYnO1myyTbJVvvtzdhp2ZU-SB4STn7nfy7JqarnjE4Z79i7ddhFD266DR6nlDHWduJBdczmvJ60NeUP985H1ZOU1pQKPmvbx9VRLXhLW0aPK7_AbQ8ubDBHq8gWcsboCXhNPCRwgwW9uibWE9VbpyN68svmnmyj3UC8JsmHaP3qPck9EryyuuBIgiFAtI2oMlEhRnSQbfBPq0cGXMJn435S_fj08fviy-T84vPZ4vR8otp5nSesFQaMEEApdHU3M6DNUnPDumWD2FClVWOwo0A5Mwo1iiUwRulcNShMPeMn1csb3a0LSY6tSpK1bE5nvBO8EGc3hA6wlmMxMoCVfw0hriTEbJVDaSgtGYgWdW0aaOlSdHreNl1X2qtmoilaH8Zou-UGtUKfI7gD0cMbb3u5CleyqUtGfEj3zSgQw-UOU5YbmxQ6Bx7Dbsi7prQWTAzoq3_Q-6sbqRWUAqw3ocRVg6g8bVjHGkH5vFDTe6iyNG6sKv_K2GI_cHh74FCYjL_zCnYpybNvX_-fvfh5yL7eY3sEl_sU3G74MukQbG5AFUNKEc1dkxmVw1jcdkMOYyHHsShuL_Yf6M7pdg74HxljCP8</recordid><startdate>20141031</startdate><enddate>20141031</enddate><creator>Zicari, Anna Maria</creator><creator>Duse, Marzia</creator><creator>Occasi, Francesca</creator><creator>Luzzi, Valeria</creator><creator>Ortolani, Emanuela</creator><creator>Bardanzellu, Flaminia</creator><creator>Bertin, Serena</creator><creator>Polimeni, Antonella</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141031</creationdate><title>Cephalometric pattern and nasal patency in children with primary snoring: the evidence of a direct correlation</title><author>Zicari, Anna Maria ; Duse, Marzia ; Occasi, Francesca ; Luzzi, Valeria ; Ortolani, Emanuela ; Bardanzellu, Flaminia ; Bertin, Serena ; Polimeni, Antonella</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-165faf55a00a7278fadfbd3f17b4ee40cdc4fe70a031fcede5ba11009c4e5f283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Abnormalities</topic><topic>Adenoid</topic><topic>Airway management</topic><topic>Apnea</topic><topic>Breathers</topic><topic>Breathing</topic><topic>Cardiac arrhythmia</topic><topic>Cephalometry</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Craniofacial growth</topic><topic>Divergence</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gas exchange</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyoid bone</topic><topic>Hypertrophy</topic><topic>Jaw</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Mandible</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Night</topic><topic>Nose - 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To investigate the correlation between rhinomanometric and cephalometric parameters in children with primary snoring (PS), without apnea or gas exchange abnormalities.
Thirty children with habitual snoring (16 females and 14 males) aged 4-8 years (mean age 6.85±1.51 years) were selected by a SDB validate questionnaire. All subjects underwent lateral cephalometric, panoramic radiographies.
In our sample 10 children (33%) had snoring 3 nights/week, 11 (37%) 4-6 nights/week and 9 (30%) every night/week. Overall 7 patients (23.3%) were affected by adenoid hypertrophy (AH), 4 (13.3%) by tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) and 13 (43.3%) by AH and TH. We found a more vertical position of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane (H⊥VT) in patients with a higher frequency (7.3±2.7 vs 7.6±3.7 vs 10.9±2.5 in children snoring 3 nights/week, 4-6 nights/week and every night/week respectively; p = 0.032). Concerning nasal patency significant correlations were found with ANB (maxillary and jaw position with respect to the cranial base), NS∧Ar (growth predictor), sumangle, FMA (total divergence), SnaSnp∧GoMe (inferior divergence), BaN∧PtGn (facial growth pattern), Phw1_PsP (posterosuperior airway space), AHC3H (the horizontal distance between the most anterosuperior point of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra).
The present study supports the relationship between nasal obstruction and specific craniofacial characteristics in children with primary snoring and lead us to hypothesize that nasal obstruction might explain the indirect link between snoring and cephalometric alterations.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25360610</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0111675</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | PLoS (Open access); MEDLINE; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
subjects | Abnormalities Adenoid Airway management Apnea Breathers Breathing Cardiac arrhythmia Cephalometry Child Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Comparative analysis Correlation Craniofacial growth Divergence Female Females Gas exchange Humans Hyoid bone Hypertrophy Jaw Male Males Mandible Medicine and Health Sciences Morphology Night Nose - physiopathology Otolaryngology Patients Pediatrics Respiration Respiratory tract Sects Sleep Sleep apnea Sleep disorders Snoring - physiopathology Spine Tonsil Vertebrae Vertical orientation |
title | Cephalometric pattern and nasal patency in children with primary snoring: the evidence of a direct correlation |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-06T15%3A12%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cephalometric%20pattern%20and%20nasal%20patency%20in%20children%20with%20primary%20snoring:%20the%20evidence%20of%20a%20direct%20correlation&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Zicari,%20Anna%20Maria&rft.date=2014-10-31&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e111675&rft.epage=e111675&rft.pages=e111675-e111675&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111675&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA417145039%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1619083753&rft_id=info:pmid/25360610&rft_galeid=A417145039&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_f008fa56ed2f4a60b57d96477932c854&rfr_iscdi=true |