Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma
This study characterizes the highly variable He185/333 genes, transcripts and proteins in coelomocytes of the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Originally discovered in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the products of this gene family participate in the anti-pathogen defen...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e62079-e62079 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e62079 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 10 |
| container_start_page | e62079 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 9 |
| creator | Roth, Mattias O Wilkins, Adam G Cooke, Georgina M Raftos, David A Nair, Sham V |
| description | This study characterizes the highly variable He185/333 genes, transcripts and proteins in coelomocytes of the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Originally discovered in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the products of this gene family participate in the anti-pathogen defenses of the host animals. Full-length He185/333 genes and transcripts are identified. Complete open reading frames of He185/333 homologues are analyzed as to their element structure, single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels and sequence repeats and are subjected to diversification analyses. The sequence elements that compose He185/333 are different to those identified for Sp185/333. Differences between Sp185/333 and He185/333 genes are also evident in the complexity of the sequences of the introns. He185/333 proteins show a diverse range of molecular weights on Western blots. The observed sizes and pIs of the proteins differ from predicted values, suggesting post-translational modifications and oligomerization. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows that He185/333 proteins are mainly located on the surface of coelomocyte subpopulations. Our data demonstrate that He185/333 bears the same substantial characteristics as their S. purpuratus homologues. However, we also identify several unique characteristics of He185/333 (such as novel element patterns, sequence repeats, distribution of positively-selected codons and introns), suggesting species-specific adaptations. All sequences in this publication have been submitted to Genbank (accession numbers JQ780171-JQ780321) and are listed in table S1. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0062079 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_1615771271</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A418127073</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_a30570ad652740d185c2040f7bdb0079</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A418127073</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d375e58b6fb9a4af86c3b420720332e9563dfeaa0a2911520032f16db1bcd8153</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNk12L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgijszCZN27Q3wjKoO7Cw4NdtOE1P2wxpMybt4gj-d9OZ7jKVvZBcNB_PeU_fk5wgeEnJkjJOLzZmsB3o5dZ0uCQkjQjPHwWnNGfRwi_Y46P5SfDMuQ0hCcvS9GlwEiWMsSijp8GfVQMWZI9W_YZemS40Vdg3GDaqbvQuvAWroNAYqrYdOgwtOp_QYVijX1XQKr07D6-QZsmF1zwPVbcPdwjhYGWjuvFUKyNV6aVciHbXN9bUFtoWngdPKtAOX0zfs-D7p4_fVleL65vP69Xl9UKmedQvSsYTTLIirYocYqiyVLIi9oa9NRZhnqSsrBCAQJRTmkSEsKiiaVnQQpYZTdhZ8Pqgu9XGialyTtCUJpzTiFNPrA9EaWAjtla1YHfCgBL7DWNrAbZXUqMARhJOoEyTiMek9M5lRGJS8aIsiL8Er_VhyjYULZYSu96CnonOTzrViNrcCm8pzgj3Au8mAWt-Duh60SonUWvo0Az7_05jnvN4dPbmH_RhdxNVgzegusr4vHIUFZcxzTzjs3pq-QDlR4mtkv6ZVcrvzwLezwI80-OvvobBObH--uX_2Zsfc_btEdsg6L5xRg_j-3RzMD6A0hrnLFb3RaZEjF1yVw0xdomYusSHvTq-oPugu7ZgfwGaRAsy</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1615771271</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Roth, Mattias O ; Wilkins, Adam G ; Cooke, Georgina M ; Raftos, David A ; Nair, Sham V</creator><contributor>Fugmann, Sebastian D.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Roth, Mattias O ; Wilkins, Adam G ; Cooke, Georgina M ; Raftos, David A ; Nair, Sham V ; Fugmann, Sebastian D.</creatorcontrib><description>This study characterizes the highly variable He185/333 genes, transcripts and proteins in coelomocytes of the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Originally discovered in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the products of this gene family participate in the anti-pathogen defenses of the host animals. Full-length He185/333 genes and transcripts are identified. Complete open reading frames of He185/333 homologues are analyzed as to their element structure, single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels and sequence repeats and are subjected to diversification analyses. The sequence elements that compose He185/333 are different to those identified for Sp185/333. Differences between Sp185/333 and He185/333 genes are also evident in the complexity of the sequences of the introns. He185/333 proteins show a diverse range of molecular weights on Western blots. The observed sizes and pIs of the proteins differ from predicted values, suggesting post-translational modifications and oligomerization. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows that He185/333 proteins are mainly located on the surface of coelomocyte subpopulations. Our data demonstrate that He185/333 bears the same substantial characteristics as their S. purpuratus homologues. However, we also identify several unique characteristics of He185/333 (such as novel element patterns, sequence repeats, distribution of positively-selected codons and introns), suggesting species-specific adaptations. All sequences in this publication have been submitted to Genbank (accession numbers JQ780171-JQ780321) and are listed in table S1.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062079</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25333281</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adaptations ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bioinformatics ; Chemical properties ; Codons ; Coelomocytes ; Diversification ; Echinoidea ; Evolution ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Variation ; Genomes ; Homology ; Hypothesis testing ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunofluorescence ; Immunology ; Introns ; Introns - genetics ; Microscopy ; Molecular biology ; Multigene Family ; Oligomerization ; Open reading frames ; Pathogens ; Phylogenetics ; Post-translation ; Proteins ; Sea Urchins - genetics ; Sea Urchins - immunology ; Sequence Alignment ; Signal transduction ; Single nucleotide polymorphisms ; Single-nucleotide polymorphism ; Species Specificity ; Subpopulations ; Western blotting</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e62079-e62079</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Roth et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Roth et al 2014 Roth et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d375e58b6fb9a4af86c3b420720332e9563dfeaa0a2911520032f16db1bcd8153</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d375e58b6fb9a4af86c3b420720332e9563dfeaa0a2911520032f16db1bcd8153</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204807/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204807/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25333281$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Fugmann, Sebastian D.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Roth, Mattias O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkins, Adam G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooke, Georgina M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raftos, David A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nair, Sham V</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>This study characterizes the highly variable He185/333 genes, transcripts and proteins in coelomocytes of the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Originally discovered in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the products of this gene family participate in the anti-pathogen defenses of the host animals. Full-length He185/333 genes and transcripts are identified. Complete open reading frames of He185/333 homologues are analyzed as to their element structure, single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels and sequence repeats and are subjected to diversification analyses. The sequence elements that compose He185/333 are different to those identified for Sp185/333. Differences between Sp185/333 and He185/333 genes are also evident in the complexity of the sequences of the introns. He185/333 proteins show a diverse range of molecular weights on Western blots. The observed sizes and pIs of the proteins differ from predicted values, suggesting post-translational modifications and oligomerization. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows that He185/333 proteins are mainly located on the surface of coelomocyte subpopulations. Our data demonstrate that He185/333 bears the same substantial characteristics as their S. purpuratus homologues. However, we also identify several unique characteristics of He185/333 (such as novel element patterns, sequence repeats, distribution of positively-selected codons and introns), suggesting species-specific adaptations. All sequences in this publication have been submitted to Genbank (accession numbers JQ780171-JQ780321) and are listed in table S1.</description><subject>Adaptations</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Bioinformatics</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Codons</subject><subject>Coelomocytes</subject><subject>Diversification</subject><subject>Echinoidea</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, MHC Class II</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Hypothesis testing</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunofluorescence</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Introns</subject><subject>Introns - genetics</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Molecular biology</subject><subject>Multigene Family</subject><subject>Oligomerization</subject><subject>Open reading frames</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Post-translation</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Sea Urchins - genetics</subject><subject>Sea Urchins - immunology</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Single nucleotide polymorphisms</subject><subject>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Subpopulations</subject><subject>Western blotting</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk12L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgijszCZN27Q3wjKoO7Cw4NdtOE1P2wxpMybt4gj-d9OZ7jKVvZBcNB_PeU_fk5wgeEnJkjJOLzZmsB3o5dZ0uCQkjQjPHwWnNGfRwi_Y46P5SfDMuQ0hCcvS9GlwEiWMsSijp8GfVQMWZI9W_YZemS40Vdg3GDaqbvQuvAWroNAYqrYdOgwtOp_QYVijX1XQKr07D6-QZsmF1zwPVbcPdwjhYGWjuvFUKyNV6aVciHbXN9bUFtoWngdPKtAOX0zfs-D7p4_fVleL65vP69Xl9UKmedQvSsYTTLIirYocYqiyVLIi9oa9NRZhnqSsrBCAQJRTmkSEsKiiaVnQQpYZTdhZ8Pqgu9XGialyTtCUJpzTiFNPrA9EaWAjtla1YHfCgBL7DWNrAbZXUqMARhJOoEyTiMek9M5lRGJS8aIsiL8Er_VhyjYULZYSu96CnonOTzrViNrcCm8pzgj3Au8mAWt-Duh60SonUWvo0Az7_05jnvN4dPbmH_RhdxNVgzegusr4vHIUFZcxzTzjs3pq-QDlR4mtkv6ZVcrvzwLezwI80-OvvobBObH--uX_2Zsfc_btEdsg6L5xRg_j-3RzMD6A0hrnLFb3RaZEjF1yVw0xdomYusSHvTq-oPugu7ZgfwGaRAsy</recordid><startdate>20141021</startdate><enddate>20141021</enddate><creator>Roth, Mattias O</creator><creator>Wilkins, Adam G</creator><creator>Cooke, Georgina M</creator><creator>Raftos, David A</creator><creator>Nair, Sham V</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141021</creationdate><title>Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma</title><author>Roth, Mattias O ; Wilkins, Adam G ; Cooke, Georgina M ; Raftos, David A ; Nair, Sham V</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d375e58b6fb9a4af86c3b420720332e9563dfeaa0a2911520032f16db1bcd8153</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adaptations</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Bioinformatics</topic><topic>Chemical properties</topic><topic>Codons</topic><topic>Coelomocytes</topic><topic>Diversification</topic><topic>Echinoidea</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Gene sequencing</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genes, MHC Class II</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Homology</topic><topic>Hypothesis testing</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunofluorescence</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Introns</topic><topic>Introns - genetics</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Molecular biology</topic><topic>Multigene Family</topic><topic>Oligomerization</topic><topic>Open reading frames</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Post-translation</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Sea Urchins - genetics</topic><topic>Sea Urchins - immunology</topic><topic>Sequence Alignment</topic><topic>Signal transduction</topic><topic>Single nucleotide polymorphisms</topic><topic>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Subpopulations</topic><topic>Western blotting</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Roth, Mattias O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkins, Adam G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooke, Georgina M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raftos, David A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nair, Sham V</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Roth, Mattias O</au><au>Wilkins, Adam G</au><au>Cooke, Georgina M</au><au>Raftos, David A</au><au>Nair, Sham V</au><au>Fugmann, Sebastian D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-10-21</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e62079</spage><epage>e62079</epage><pages>e62079-e62079</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study characterizes the highly variable He185/333 genes, transcripts and proteins in coelomocytes of the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Originally discovered in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the products of this gene family participate in the anti-pathogen defenses of the host animals. Full-length He185/333 genes and transcripts are identified. Complete open reading frames of He185/333 homologues are analyzed as to their element structure, single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels and sequence repeats and are subjected to diversification analyses. The sequence elements that compose He185/333 are different to those identified for Sp185/333. Differences between Sp185/333 and He185/333 genes are also evident in the complexity of the sequences of the introns. He185/333 proteins show a diverse range of molecular weights on Western blots. The observed sizes and pIs of the proteins differ from predicted values, suggesting post-translational modifications and oligomerization. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows that He185/333 proteins are mainly located on the surface of coelomocyte subpopulations. Our data demonstrate that He185/333 bears the same substantial characteristics as their S. purpuratus homologues. However, we also identify several unique characteristics of He185/333 (such as novel element patterns, sequence repeats, distribution of positively-selected codons and introns), suggesting species-specific adaptations. All sequences in this publication have been submitted to Genbank (accession numbers JQ780171-JQ780321) and are listed in table S1.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25333281</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0062079</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e62079-e62079 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1615771271 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adaptations Animals Base Sequence Bioinformatics Chemical properties Codons Coelomocytes Diversification Echinoidea Evolution Gene sequencing Genes Genes, MHC Class II Genetic Variation Genomes Homology Hypothesis testing Immune response Immune system Immunofluorescence Immunology Introns Introns - genetics Microscopy Molecular biology Multigene Family Oligomerization Open reading frames Pathogens Phylogenetics Post-translation Proteins Sea Urchins - genetics Sea Urchins - immunology Sequence Alignment Signal transduction Single nucleotide polymorphisms Single-nucleotide polymorphism Species Specificity Subpopulations Western blotting |
| title | Characterization of the highly variable immune response gene family, He185/333, in the sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-23T16%3A56%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Characterization%20of%20the%20highly%20variable%20immune%20response%20gene%20family,%20He185/333,%20in%20the%20sea%20urchin,%20Heliocidaris%20erythrogramma&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Roth,%20Mattias%20O&rft.date=2014-10-21&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e62079&rft.epage=e62079&rft.pages=e62079-e62079&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0062079&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA418127073%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1615771271&rft_id=info:pmid/25333281&rft_galeid=A418127073&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_a30570ad652740d185c2040f7bdb0079&rfr_iscdi=true |