Prevalence and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a gigantic tsunami which devastated coastal areas of northern Japan on 11 March 2011. Despite the large number of 'resident survivors' who continued to reside in their damaged houses on the second or upper floors, research on the mental health of thes...
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description | The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a gigantic tsunami which devastated coastal areas of northern Japan on 11 March 2011. Despite the large number of 'resident survivors' who continued to reside in their damaged houses on the second or upper floors, research on the mental health of these individuals has been limited. This study explored the prevalence of depressive reaction and risk factors for depressive reaction among these resident survivors.
A cross-sectional household health support needs screening was conducted for resident survivors in Higashi-Matsushima city, Miyagi prefecture, two to four months after the tsunami. The health interview that was conducted including mental status, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2).
Of 5,454 respondents, 8.1% had depressive reaction. After adjustment by the number of weeks from the tsunami and the mortality rate at each respondent's place of residence, depressive reaction was significantly associated with house flooding below or above the ground floor (odds ratios of 1.92, 2.36, respectively), the unavailability of gas supply (odds ratio, 1.67), being female (odds ratio, 1.47), middle aged or elderly (odds ratios of 2.41, 2.42, respectively), regular intake of psychotropic medicine(s) since before the tsunami (odds ratio, 2.53) and the presence of one to five or more than six cohabiters (odds ratios of 0.61, 0.52, respectively).
The results suggest a considerable psychological burden (depressive reaction) following the tsunami among resident survivors. Special supports for families with psychiatric problems need to be considered among resident survivors. Restoration of lifeline utilities and the strengthening of social ties of persons living alone may help prevent depressive reaction among resident survivors after a tsunami. |
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A cross-sectional household health support needs screening was conducted for resident survivors in Higashi-Matsushima city, Miyagi prefecture, two to four months after the tsunami. The health interview that was conducted including mental status, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2).
Of 5,454 respondents, 8.1% had depressive reaction. After adjustment by the number of weeks from the tsunami and the mortality rate at each respondent's place of residence, depressive reaction was significantly associated with house flooding below or above the ground floor (odds ratios of 1.92, 2.36, respectively), the unavailability of gas supply (odds ratio, 1.67), being female (odds ratio, 1.47), middle aged or elderly (odds ratios of 2.41, 2.42, respectively), regular intake of psychotropic medicine(s) since before the tsunami (odds ratio, 2.53) and the presence of one to five or more than six cohabiters (odds ratios of 0.61, 0.52, respectively).
The results suggest a considerable psychological burden (depressive reaction) following the tsunami among resident survivors. Special supports for families with psychiatric problems need to be considered among resident survivors. Restoration of lifeline utilities and the strengthening of social ties of persons living alone may help prevent depressive reaction among resident survivors after a tsunami.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109240</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25279563</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Activities of daily living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Coastal zone ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression - epidemiology ; Disaster victims ; Disaster Victims - psychology ; Disasters ; Displaced persons ; Earthquake damage ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Flooding ; Geriatrics ; Health aspects ; Health surveys ; Households ; Houses ; Housing ; Humans ; Japan - epidemiology ; Male ; Medical screening ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental disorders ; Mental health ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Older people ; Prevalence ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Residential areas ; Restoration ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Seismic activity ; Sex Factors ; Tsunamis ; Utilities</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e109240-e109240</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Matsubara et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Matsubara et al 2014 Matsubara et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-b7b3b78adf8d0f532189cb9e8a431fb1b1d94a6ff43e8d623186ac82a25000343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-b7b3b78adf8d0f532189cb9e8a431fb1b1d94a6ff43e8d623186ac82a25000343</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184878/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184878/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25279563$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Hashimoto, Kenji</contributor><creatorcontrib>Matsubara, Chieko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murakami, Hitoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Imai, Koubun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mizoue, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akashi, Hidechika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyoshi, Chiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakasa, Tamotsu</creatorcontrib><title>Prevalence and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a gigantic tsunami which devastated coastal areas of northern Japan on 11 March 2011. Despite the large number of 'resident survivors' who continued to reside in their damaged houses on the second or upper floors, research on the mental health of these individuals has been limited. This study explored the prevalence of depressive reaction and risk factors for depressive reaction among these resident survivors.
A cross-sectional household health support needs screening was conducted for resident survivors in Higashi-Matsushima city, Miyagi prefecture, two to four months after the tsunami. The health interview that was conducted including mental status, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2).
Of 5,454 respondents, 8.1% had depressive reaction. After adjustment by the number of weeks from the tsunami and the mortality rate at each respondent's place of residence, depressive reaction was significantly associated with house flooding below or above the ground floor (odds ratios of 1.92, 2.36, respectively), the unavailability of gas supply (odds ratio, 1.67), being female (odds ratio, 1.47), middle aged or elderly (odds ratios of 2.41, 2.42, respectively), regular intake of psychotropic medicine(s) since before the tsunami (odds ratio, 2.53) and the presence of one to five or more than six cohabiters (odds ratios of 0.61, 0.52, respectively).
The results suggest a considerable psychological burden (depressive reaction) following the tsunami among resident survivors. Special supports for families with psychiatric problems need to be considered among resident survivors. Restoration of lifeline utilities and the strengthening of social ties of persons living alone may help prevent depressive reaction among resident survivors after a tsunami.</description><subject>Activities of daily living</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Coastal zone</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Disaster victims</subject><subject>Disaster Victims - psychology</subject><subject>Disasters</subject><subject>Displaced persons</subject><subject>Earthquake damage</subject><subject>Earthquakes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flooding</subject><subject>Geriatrics</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health surveys</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Houses</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Japan - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical 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and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011</title><author>Matsubara, Chieko ; Murakami, Hitoshi ; Imai, Koubun ; Mizoue, Tetsuya ; Akashi, Hidechika ; Miyoshi, Chiaki ; Nakasa, Tamotsu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-b7b3b78adf8d0f532189cb9e8a431fb1b1d94a6ff43e8d623186ac82a25000343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Activities of daily living</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Coastal zone</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Disaster victims</topic><topic>Disaster Victims - psychology</topic><topic>Disasters</topic><topic>Displaced persons</topic><topic>Earthquake 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Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Matsubara, Chieko</au><au>Murakami, Hitoshi</au><au>Imai, Koubun</au><au>Mizoue, Tetsuya</au><au>Akashi, Hidechika</au><au>Miyoshi, Chiaki</au><au>Nakasa, Tamotsu</au><au>Hashimoto, Kenji</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prevalence and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-10-03</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e109240</spage><epage>e109240</epage><pages>e109240-e109240</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a gigantic tsunami which devastated coastal areas of northern Japan on 11 March 2011. Despite the large number of 'resident survivors' who continued to reside in their damaged houses on the second or upper floors, research on the mental health of these individuals has been limited. This study explored the prevalence of depressive reaction and risk factors for depressive reaction among these resident survivors.
A cross-sectional household health support needs screening was conducted for resident survivors in Higashi-Matsushima city, Miyagi prefecture, two to four months after the tsunami. The health interview that was conducted including mental status, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2).
Of 5,454 respondents, 8.1% had depressive reaction. After adjustment by the number of weeks from the tsunami and the mortality rate at each respondent's place of residence, depressive reaction was significantly associated with house flooding below or above the ground floor (odds ratios of 1.92, 2.36, respectively), the unavailability of gas supply (odds ratio, 1.67), being female (odds ratio, 1.47), middle aged or elderly (odds ratios of 2.41, 2.42, respectively), regular intake of psychotropic medicine(s) since before the tsunami (odds ratio, 2.53) and the presence of one to five or more than six cohabiters (odds ratios of 0.61, 0.52, respectively).
The results suggest a considerable psychological burden (depressive reaction) following the tsunami among resident survivors. Special supports for families with psychiatric problems need to be considered among resident survivors. Restoration of lifeline utilities and the strengthening of social ties of persons living alone may help prevent depressive reaction among resident survivors after a tsunami.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25279563</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0109240</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Activities of daily living Adolescent Adult Aged Coastal zone Cross-Sectional Studies Depression - epidemiology Disaster victims Disaster Victims - psychology Disasters Displaced persons Earthquake damage Earthquakes Female Flooding Geriatrics Health aspects Health surveys Households Houses Housing Humans Japan - epidemiology Male Medical screening Medicine and Health Sciences Mental disorders Mental health Middle Aged Odds Ratio Older people Prevalence Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Residential areas Restoration Risk analysis Risk factors Seismic activity Sex Factors Tsunamis Utilities |
title | Prevalence and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011 |
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