Glutathione-S-transferase: a minor allergen in birch pollen due to limited release from hydrated pollen
Recently, a protein homologous to glutathione-S-transferases (GST) was detected in prominent amounts in birch pollen by proteomic profiling. As members of the GST family are relevant allergens in mites, cockroach and fungi we investigated the allergenic relevance of GST from birch (bGST). bGST was e...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-10, Vol.9 (9), p.e109075-e109075 |
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| creator | Deifl, Stephan Zwicker, Christian Vejvar, Eva Kitzmüller, Claudia Gadermaier, Gabriele Nagl, Birgit Vrtala, Susanne Briza, Peter Zlabinger, Gerhard J Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice Ferreira, Fatima Bohle, Barbara |
| description | Recently, a protein homologous to glutathione-S-transferases (GST) was detected in prominent amounts in birch pollen by proteomic profiling. As members of the GST family are relevant allergens in mites, cockroach and fungi we investigated the allergenic relevance of GST from birch (bGST).
bGST was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized by mass spectrometry. Sera from 217 birch pollen-allergic patients were tested for IgE-reactivity to bGST by ELISA. The mediator-releasing activity of bGST was analysed with IgE-loaded rat basophil leukaemia cells (RBL) expressing human FcεRI. BALB/c mice were immunized with bGST or Bet v 1. Antibody and T cell responses to either protein were assessed. IgE-cross-reactivity between bGST with GST from house dust mite, Der p 8, was studied with murine and human sera in ELISA. The release kinetics of bGST and Bet v 1 from birch pollen were assessed in water, simulated lung fluid, 0.9% NaCl and PBS. Eluted proteins were quantified by ELISA and analysed by immunoblotting.
Only 13% of 217 birch pollen-allergic patients showed IgE-reactivity to bGST. In RBL assays bGST induced mediator release. Immunization of mice with bGST induced specific IgE and a Th2-dominated cellular immune response comparably to immunization with Bet v 1. bGST did not cross-react with Der p 8. In contrast to Bet v 1, only low amounts of bGST were released from pollen grains upon incubation in water and the different physiological solutions.
Although bGST is abundant in birch pollen, immunogenic in mice and able to induce mediator release from effector cells passively loaded with specific IgE, it is a minor allergen for birch pollen-allergic patients. We refer this discrepancy to its limited release from hydrated pollen. Hence, bGST is an example demonstrating that allergenicity depends mainly on rapid elution from airborne particles. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0109075 |
| format | Article |
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bGST was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized by mass spectrometry. Sera from 217 birch pollen-allergic patients were tested for IgE-reactivity to bGST by ELISA. The mediator-releasing activity of bGST was analysed with IgE-loaded rat basophil leukaemia cells (RBL) expressing human FcεRI. BALB/c mice were immunized with bGST or Bet v 1. Antibody and T cell responses to either protein were assessed. IgE-cross-reactivity between bGST with GST from house dust mite, Der p 8, was studied with murine and human sera in ELISA. The release kinetics of bGST and Bet v 1 from birch pollen were assessed in water, simulated lung fluid, 0.9% NaCl and PBS. Eluted proteins were quantified by ELISA and analysed by immunoblotting.
Only 13% of 217 birch pollen-allergic patients showed IgE-reactivity to bGST. In RBL assays bGST induced mediator release. Immunization of mice with bGST induced specific IgE and a Th2-dominated cellular immune response comparably to immunization with Bet v 1. bGST did not cross-react with Der p 8. In contrast to Bet v 1, only low amounts of bGST were released from pollen grains upon incubation in water and the different physiological solutions.
Although bGST is abundant in birch pollen, immunogenic in mice and able to induce mediator release from effector cells passively loaded with specific IgE, it is a minor allergen for birch pollen-allergic patients. We refer this discrepancy to its limited release from hydrated pollen. Hence, bGST is an example demonstrating that allergenicity depends mainly on rapid elution from airborne particles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109075</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25275548</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Allergenicity ; Allergens ; Allergens - chemistry ; Allergens - immunology ; Allergies ; Allergy ; Alternaria alternata ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation - immunology ; Bet v 1 antigen ; Betula - enzymology ; Betula - immunology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blattella germanica ; Cell Line ; Cockroaches ; Cross Reactions - immunology ; Cross-reactivity ; E coli ; Effector cells ; Elution ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Female ; Fungi ; Glutathione ; Glutathione transferase ; Glutathione Transferase - chemistry ; Glutathione Transferase - immunology ; Homology ; House dust ; Humans ; Immune response ; Immune response (cell-mediated) ; Immune system ; Immunity ; Immunization ; Immunoblotting ; Immunogenicity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Kinetics ; Laboratories ; Leukemia ; Lungs ; Lymphocytes T ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Patients ; Physiological aspects ; Pollen ; Pollen - immunology ; Proteins ; Pyroglyphidae - enzymology ; Rats ; Reaction kinetics ; Reactivity ; Recombinant Proteins - chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins - immunology ; Scientific imaging ; Sodium chloride ; T cells ; Thiols ; Water - chemistry</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (9), p.e109075-e109075</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Deifl et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Deifl et al 2014 Deifl et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-acdd4ca75f7d72785ac2c277c335216f4eb0df12d330ccc3d4f2cc01a6a33be43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-acdd4ca75f7d72785ac2c277c335216f4eb0df12d330ccc3d4f2cc01a6a33be43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4183528/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4183528/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25275548$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Chatenoud, Lucienne</contributor><creatorcontrib>Deifl, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwicker, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vejvar, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitzmüller, Claudia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gadermaier, Gabriele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagl, Birgit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrtala, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Briza, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zlabinger, Gerhard J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohle, Barbara</creatorcontrib><title>Glutathione-S-transferase: a minor allergen in birch pollen due to limited release from hydrated pollen</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Recently, a protein homologous to glutathione-S-transferases (GST) was detected in prominent amounts in birch pollen by proteomic profiling. As members of the GST family are relevant allergens in mites, cockroach and fungi we investigated the allergenic relevance of GST from birch (bGST).
bGST was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized by mass spectrometry. Sera from 217 birch pollen-allergic patients were tested for IgE-reactivity to bGST by ELISA. The mediator-releasing activity of bGST was analysed with IgE-loaded rat basophil leukaemia cells (RBL) expressing human FcεRI. BALB/c mice were immunized with bGST or Bet v 1. Antibody and T cell responses to either protein were assessed. IgE-cross-reactivity between bGST with GST from house dust mite, Der p 8, was studied with murine and human sera in ELISA. The release kinetics of bGST and Bet v 1 from birch pollen were assessed in water, simulated lung fluid, 0.9% NaCl and PBS. Eluted proteins were quantified by ELISA and analysed by immunoblotting.
Only 13% of 217 birch pollen-allergic patients showed IgE-reactivity to bGST. In RBL assays bGST induced mediator release. Immunization of mice with bGST induced specific IgE and a Th2-dominated cellular immune response comparably to immunization with Bet v 1. bGST did not cross-react with Der p 8. In contrast to Bet v 1, only low amounts of bGST were released from pollen grains upon incubation in water and the different physiological solutions.
Although bGST is abundant in birch pollen, immunogenic in mice and able to induce mediator release from effector cells passively loaded with specific IgE, it is a minor allergen for birch pollen-allergic patients. We refer this discrepancy to its limited release from hydrated pollen. Hence, bGST is an example demonstrating that allergenicity depends mainly on rapid elution from airborne particles.</description><subject>Allergenicity</subject><subject>Allergens</subject><subject>Allergens - chemistry</subject><subject>Allergens - immunology</subject><subject>Allergies</subject><subject>Allergy</subject><subject>Alternaria alternata</subject><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibody Formation - immunology</subject><subject>Bet v 1 antigen</subject><subject>Betula - enzymology</subject><subject>Betula - immunology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blattella germanica</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cockroaches</subject><subject>Cross Reactions - immunology</subject><subject>Cross-reactivity</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Effector cells</subject><subject>Elution</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Glutathione</subject><subject>Glutathione transferase</subject><subject>Glutathione Transferase - chemistry</subject><subject>Glutathione Transferase - immunology</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>House dust</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune response (cell-mediated)</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Immunoblotting</subject><subject>Immunogenicity</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin E</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Leukemia</subject><subject>Lungs</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred BALB C</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Pollen</subject><subject>Pollen - immunology</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Pyroglyphidae - enzymology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Reactivity</subject><subject>Recombinant Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>Recombinant Proteins - immunology</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>T cells</subject><subject>Thiols</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk99r1TAUx4sobk7_A9GCIPrQa342rQ_CGDovDAZOfQ25yWlvRtrcJa24_97U241b2YP0IeXk8_0m5-ScLHuJ0QpTgT9c-zH0yq12vocVwqhGgj_KjnFNSVESRB8f_B9lz2K8RojTqiyfZkeEE8E5q46z9tyNgxq2NrkUV8UQVB8bCCrCx1zlne19yJVzEFroc9vnGxv0Nt_5FOpzM0I--NzZzg5g8gAOkjBvgu_y7a0Jaoru2efZk0a5CC_m9ST78eXz97OvxcXl-frs9KLQoiRDobQxTCvBG2EEERVXmmgihKaUE1w2DDbINJgYSpHWmhrWEK0RVqWidAOMnmSv974756OcaxQl5qVArMI1T8R6TxivruUu2E6FW-mVlX8DPrRShcFqB5KDMhRzrkuDGQKsUo2FZqaGqjRNUyevT_Np46YDo6FPBXQL0-VOb7ey9b8kw1VKqEoG72aD4G9GiIPsbNTgnOrBj9O9qxLVrK5JQt_8gz6c3Uy1KiVg-8anc_VkKk8ZLoUQlZjuvXqASp-BzurUCo1N8YXg_UKQmAF-D60aY5Trq2__z17-XLJvD9gtKDdso08tmfoxLkG2B3XwMQZo7ouMkZzm4a4acpoHOc9Dkr06fKB70d0A0D-NCgbm</recordid><startdate>20141002</startdate><enddate>20141002</enddate><creator>Deifl, Stephan</creator><creator>Zwicker, Christian</creator><creator>Vejvar, Eva</creator><creator>Kitzmüller, Claudia</creator><creator>Gadermaier, Gabriele</creator><creator>Nagl, Birgit</creator><creator>Vrtala, Susanne</creator><creator>Briza, Peter</creator><creator>Zlabinger, Gerhard J</creator><creator>Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice</creator><creator>Ferreira, Fatima</creator><creator>Bohle, Barbara</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141002</creationdate><title>Glutathione-S-transferase: a minor allergen in birch pollen due to limited release from hydrated pollen</title><author>Deifl, Stephan ; Zwicker, Christian ; Vejvar, Eva ; Kitzmüller, Claudia ; Gadermaier, Gabriele ; Nagl, Birgit ; Vrtala, Susanne ; Briza, Peter ; Zlabinger, Gerhard J ; Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice ; Ferreira, Fatima ; Bohle, Barbara</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-acdd4ca75f7d72785ac2c277c335216f4eb0df12d330ccc3d4f2cc01a6a33be43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Allergenicity</topic><topic>Allergens</topic><topic>Allergens - 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immunology</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Pyroglyphidae - enzymology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Reactivity</topic><topic>Recombinant Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>Recombinant Proteins - immunology</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><topic>Sodium chloride</topic><topic>T cells</topic><topic>Thiols</topic><topic>Water - chemistry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Deifl, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwicker, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vejvar, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitzmüller, Claudia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gadermaier, Gabriele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagl, Birgit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrtala, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Briza, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zlabinger, Gerhard J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohle, Barbara</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Deifl, Stephan</au><au>Zwicker, Christian</au><au>Vejvar, Eva</au><au>Kitzmüller, Claudia</au><au>Gadermaier, Gabriele</au><au>Nagl, Birgit</au><au>Vrtala, Susanne</au><au>Briza, Peter</au><au>Zlabinger, Gerhard J</au><au>Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice</au><au>Ferreira, Fatima</au><au>Bohle, Barbara</au><au>Chatenoud, Lucienne</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Glutathione-S-transferase: a minor allergen in birch pollen due to limited release from hydrated pollen</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-10-02</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e109075</spage><epage>e109075</epage><pages>e109075-e109075</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Recently, a protein homologous to glutathione-S-transferases (GST) was detected in prominent amounts in birch pollen by proteomic profiling. As members of the GST family are relevant allergens in mites, cockroach and fungi we investigated the allergenic relevance of GST from birch (bGST).
bGST was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized by mass spectrometry. Sera from 217 birch pollen-allergic patients were tested for IgE-reactivity to bGST by ELISA. The mediator-releasing activity of bGST was analysed with IgE-loaded rat basophil leukaemia cells (RBL) expressing human FcεRI. BALB/c mice were immunized with bGST or Bet v 1. Antibody and T cell responses to either protein were assessed. IgE-cross-reactivity between bGST with GST from house dust mite, Der p 8, was studied with murine and human sera in ELISA. The release kinetics of bGST and Bet v 1 from birch pollen were assessed in water, simulated lung fluid, 0.9% NaCl and PBS. Eluted proteins were quantified by ELISA and analysed by immunoblotting.
Only 13% of 217 birch pollen-allergic patients showed IgE-reactivity to bGST. In RBL assays bGST induced mediator release. Immunization of mice with bGST induced specific IgE and a Th2-dominated cellular immune response comparably to immunization with Bet v 1. bGST did not cross-react with Der p 8. In contrast to Bet v 1, only low amounts of bGST were released from pollen grains upon incubation in water and the different physiological solutions.
Although bGST is abundant in birch pollen, immunogenic in mice and able to induce mediator release from effector cells passively loaded with specific IgE, it is a minor allergen for birch pollen-allergic patients. We refer this discrepancy to its limited release from hydrated pollen. Hence, bGST is an example demonstrating that allergenicity depends mainly on rapid elution from airborne particles.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25275548</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0109075</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2014-10, Vol.9 (9), p.e109075-e109075 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1567048195 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Allergenicity Allergens Allergens - chemistry Allergens - immunology Allergies Allergy Alternaria alternata Amino Acid Sequence Animals Antibody Formation - immunology Bet v 1 antigen Betula - enzymology Betula - immunology Biology and Life Sciences Blattella germanica Cell Line Cockroaches Cross Reactions - immunology Cross-reactivity E coli Effector cells Elution Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Female Fungi Glutathione Glutathione transferase Glutathione Transferase - chemistry Glutathione Transferase - immunology Homology House dust Humans Immune response Immune response (cell-mediated) Immune system Immunity Immunization Immunoblotting Immunogenicity Immunoglobulin E Kinetics Laboratories Leukemia Lungs Lymphocytes T Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medicine and Health Sciences Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Molecular Sequence Data Patients Physiological aspects Pollen Pollen - immunology Proteins Pyroglyphidae - enzymology Rats Reaction kinetics Reactivity Recombinant Proteins - chemistry Recombinant Proteins - immunology Scientific imaging Sodium chloride T cells Thiols Water - chemistry |
| title | Glutathione-S-transferase: a minor allergen in birch pollen due to limited release from hydrated pollen |
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