A first insight into high prevalence of undiagnosed smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Northern Ethiopian prisons: implications for greater investment and quality control
Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in prisons poses significant risks to inmates as well as the general population. Currently, there are no data on smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in prisons and by extension no data on the impact such cases have on TB incidence. This study was designed to obtain initi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e106869-e106869 |
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| creator | Biadglegne, Fantahun Rodloff, Arne C Sack, Ulrich |
| description | Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in prisons poses significant risks to inmates as well as the general population. Currently, there are no data on smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in prisons and by extension no data on the impact such cases have on TB incidence. This study was designed to obtain initial data on the prevalence of smear-negative cases of TB in prisons as well as preliminary risk factor analysis for such TB cases.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2013 at eight main prisons located in the state of Amhara, Ethiopia. Interviews using a structured and pretested questionnaire were done first to identify symptomatic prisoners. Three consecutive sputum samples were collected and examined using acid fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy at the point of care. All smear-negative sputum samples were taken for culture and Xpert testing. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS version 16.
Overall the prevalence of smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in the study prisons was 8% (16/200). Using multivariate analysis, a contact history to TB patients in prison, educational level, cough and night sweating were found to be predictors of TB positivity among smear-negative pulmonary TB cases (p ≤ 0.05).
In the studied prisons, high prevalence of undiagnosed TB cases using AFB microscopy was documented, which is an important public health concern that urgently needs to be addressed. Furthermore, patients with night sweating, non-productive cough, a contact history with TB patients and who are illiterate merit special attention, larger studies are warranted in the future to assess the associations more precisely. Further studies are also needed to examine TB transmission dynamics by patients with smear-negative pulmonary TB in a prison setting. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0106869 |
| format | Article |
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This cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2013 at eight main prisons located in the state of Amhara, Ethiopia. Interviews using a structured and pretested questionnaire were done first to identify symptomatic prisoners. Three consecutive sputum samples were collected and examined using acid fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy at the point of care. All smear-negative sputum samples were taken for culture and Xpert testing. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS version 16.
Overall the prevalence of smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in the study prisons was 8% (16/200). Using multivariate analysis, a contact history to TB patients in prison, educational level, cough and night sweating were found to be predictors of TB positivity among smear-negative pulmonary TB cases (p ≤ 0.05).
In the studied prisons, high prevalence of undiagnosed TB cases using AFB microscopy was documented, which is an important public health concern that urgently needs to be addressed. Furthermore, patients with night sweating, non-productive cough, a contact history with TB patients and who are illiterate merit special attention, larger studies are warranted in the future to assess the associations more precisely. Further studies are also needed to examine TB transmission dynamics by patients with smear-negative pulmonary TB in a prison setting.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106869</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25203007</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bacilli ; Cough ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease transmission ; Epidemiology ; Ethiopia - epidemiology ; Factor analysis ; Female ; HIV ; Hospitals ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Immunology ; Infectious diseases ; Investments ; Laboratories ; Leprosy ; Male ; Medical diagnosis ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microscopy ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate analysis ; Night ; Patients ; Population ; Prevalence ; Prisoners ; Prisons ; Prisons - statistics & numerical data ; Public health ; Quality Control ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Smear ; Sociodemographics ; Sputum ; Sweating ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - transmission ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e106869-e106869</ispartof><rights>2014 Biadglegne et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Biadglegne et al 2014 Biadglegne et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-129e8e1b19ea4405668fa8f9cdb9e7364f7e2dcfbc93751c9ff5d1ccbf7f285e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-129e8e1b19ea4405668fa8f9cdb9e7364f7e2dcfbc93751c9ff5d1ccbf7f285e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159260/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159260/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2100,2926,23865,27923,27924,53790,53792,79371,79372</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25203007$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>D. Lowy, Franklin</contributor><creatorcontrib>Biadglegne, Fantahun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodloff, Arne C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sack, Ulrich</creatorcontrib><title>A first insight into high prevalence of undiagnosed smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Northern Ethiopian prisons: implications for greater investment and quality control</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in prisons poses significant risks to inmates as well as the general population. Currently, there are no data on smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in prisons and by extension no data on the impact such cases have on TB incidence. This study was designed to obtain initial data on the prevalence of smear-negative cases of TB in prisons as well as preliminary risk factor analysis for such TB cases.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2013 at eight main prisons located in the state of Amhara, Ethiopia. Interviews using a structured and pretested questionnaire were done first to identify symptomatic prisoners. Three consecutive sputum samples were collected and examined using acid fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy at the point of care. All smear-negative sputum samples were taken for culture and Xpert testing. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS version 16.
Overall the prevalence of smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in the study prisons was 8% (16/200). Using multivariate analysis, a contact history to TB patients in prison, educational level, cough and night sweating were found to be predictors of TB positivity among smear-negative pulmonary TB cases (p ≤ 0.05).
In the studied prisons, high prevalence of undiagnosed TB cases using AFB microscopy was documented, which is an important public health concern that urgently needs to be addressed. Furthermore, patients with night sweating, non-productive cough, a contact history with TB patients and who are illiterate merit special attention, larger studies are warranted in the future to assess the associations more precisely. 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Lowy, Franklin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A first insight into high prevalence of undiagnosed smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Northern Ethiopian prisons: implications for greater investment and quality control</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-09-09</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e106869</spage><epage>e106869</epage><pages>e106869-e106869</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in prisons poses significant risks to inmates as well as the general population. Currently, there are no data on smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in prisons and by extension no data on the impact such cases have on TB incidence. This study was designed to obtain initial data on the prevalence of smear-negative cases of TB in prisons as well as preliminary risk factor analysis for such TB cases.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2013 at eight main prisons located in the state of Amhara, Ethiopia. Interviews using a structured and pretested questionnaire were done first to identify symptomatic prisoners. Three consecutive sputum samples were collected and examined using acid fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy at the point of care. All smear-negative sputum samples were taken for culture and Xpert testing. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS version 16.
Overall the prevalence of smear-negative pulmonary TB cases in the study prisons was 8% (16/200). Using multivariate analysis, a contact history to TB patients in prison, educational level, cough and night sweating were found to be predictors of TB positivity among smear-negative pulmonary TB cases (p ≤ 0.05).
In the studied prisons, high prevalence of undiagnosed TB cases using AFB microscopy was documented, which is an important public health concern that urgently needs to be addressed. Furthermore, patients with night sweating, non-productive cough, a contact history with TB patients and who are illiterate merit special attention, larger studies are warranted in the future to assess the associations more precisely. Further studies are also needed to examine TB transmission dynamics by patients with smear-negative pulmonary TB in a prison setting.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25203007</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0106869</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Public Library of Science; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Bacilli Cough Cross-Sectional Studies Disease transmission Epidemiology Ethiopia - epidemiology Factor analysis Female HIV Hospitals Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunology Infectious diseases Investments Laboratories Leprosy Male Medical diagnosis Medicine and Health Sciences Microscopy Middle Aged Multivariate analysis Night Patients Population Prevalence Prisoners Prisons Prisons - statistics & numerical data Public health Quality Control Risk analysis Risk Factors Smear Sociodemographics Sputum Sweating Tuberculosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - transmission Young Adult |
| title | A first insight into high prevalence of undiagnosed smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Northern Ethiopian prisons: implications for greater investment and quality control |
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