Population dynamics of aphids on cereals: digging in the time-series data to reveal population regulation caused by temperature
Aphid populations show periodic fluctuations and many causes are attributed to their dynamic. We investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, and Rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a 24 years long time series data. We...
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| description | Aphid populations show periodic fluctuations and many causes are attributed to their dynamic. We investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, and Rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a 24 years long time series data. We computed the sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C, the threshold temperature for aphid development, and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0(threshold for wheat development),5] °C interval. Applying Generalised Additive Model framework we tested influences of temperature history expressed via degree days before the start of the aphid immigration on the length of their occurrence. We aimed to estimate the magnitude and direction of this influence, and how far to the past before the start of the aphid season the temperature effect goes and then identify processes responsible for the effect. We fitted four models that differed in the way of correcting for abundance in the previous year and in specification of temperature effects. Abundance in the previous year did not affect the length of period of aphid population growth on wheat. The temperature effect on the period length increased up to 123 days before the start of the current season, i.e. when wheat completed vernalization. Increased sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0,5] °C interval both shortened the length of period of aphid population growth. Stronger effect of the latter suggests that wheat can escape from aphid attacks if during winter temperatures range from 0 to 5 °C. The temperature influence was not homogeneous in time. The strongest effect of past temperature was about 50 to 80 and 90 to 110 days before the beginning of the current aphid season indicating important role of termination of aphid egg dormancy and egg hatching. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0106228 |
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We investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, and Rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a 24 years long time series data. We computed the sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C, the threshold temperature for aphid development, and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0(threshold for wheat development),5] °C interval. Applying Generalised Additive Model framework we tested influences of temperature history expressed via degree days before the start of the aphid immigration on the length of their occurrence. We aimed to estimate the magnitude and direction of this influence, and how far to the past before the start of the aphid season the temperature effect goes and then identify processes responsible for the effect. We fitted four models that differed in the way of correcting for abundance in the previous year and in specification of temperature effects. Abundance in the previous year did not affect the length of period of aphid population growth on wheat. The temperature effect on the period length increased up to 123 days before the start of the current season, i.e. when wheat completed vernalization. Increased sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0,5] °C interval both shortened the length of period of aphid population growth. Stronger effect of the latter suggests that wheat can escape from aphid attacks if during winter temperatures range from 0 to 5 °C. The temperature influence was not homogeneous in time. The strongest effect of past temperature was about 50 to 80 and 90 to 110 days before the beginning of the current aphid season indicating important role of termination of aphid egg dormancy and egg hatching.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106228</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25184219</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Animals ; Aphididae ; Aphidoidea ; Aphids - physiology ; Biodiversity ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cereals ; Climate change ; Daily temperatures ; Dormancy ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Environmental conditions ; Growth models ; Growth rate ; Hatching ; Homoptera ; Hypotheses ; Immigration ; Influence ; Insects ; Metopolophium dirhodum ; Migration ; Models, Statistical ; Parasite Egg Count ; Population Dynamics ; Population growth ; Population regulation ; Reproduction - physiology ; Rhopalosiphum padi ; Seasons ; Senescence ; Sitobion avenae ; Temperature ; Temperature effects ; Temperature range ; Time series ; Trends ; Triticum - parasitology ; Triticum aestivum ; Vernalization ; Wheat ; Winter ; Winter temperatures ; Winter wheat</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e106228-e106228</ispartof><rights>2014 Brabec et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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We investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, and Rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a 24 years long time series data. We computed the sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C, the threshold temperature for aphid development, and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0(threshold for wheat development),5] °C interval. Applying Generalised Additive Model framework we tested influences of temperature history expressed via degree days before the start of the aphid immigration on the length of their occurrence. We aimed to estimate the magnitude and direction of this influence, and how far to the past before the start of the aphid season the temperature effect goes and then identify processes responsible for the effect. We fitted four models that differed in the way of correcting for abundance in the previous year and in specification of temperature effects. Abundance in the previous year did not affect the length of period of aphid population growth on wheat. The temperature effect on the period length increased up to 123 days before the start of the current season, i.e. when wheat completed vernalization. Increased sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0,5] °C interval both shortened the length of period of aphid population growth. Stronger effect of the latter suggests that wheat can escape from aphid attacks if during winter temperatures range from 0 to 5 °C. The temperature influence was not homogeneous in time. The strongest effect of past temperature was about 50 to 80 and 90 to 110 days before the beginning of the current aphid season indicating important role of termination of aphid egg dormancy and egg hatching.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aphididae</subject><subject>Aphidoidea</subject><subject>Aphids - physiology</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cereals</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Daily temperatures</subject><subject>Dormancy</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Growth models</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Hatching</subject><subject>Homoptera</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Immigration</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Metopolophium dirhodum</subject><subject>Migration</subject><subject>Models, Statistical</subject><subject>Parasite Egg Count</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>Population regulation</subject><subject>Reproduction - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brabec, Marek</au><au>Honěk, Alois</au><au>Pekár, Stano</au><au>Martinková, Zdenka</au><au>Wilkinson, Thomas L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Population dynamics of aphids on cereals: digging in the time-series data to reveal population regulation caused by temperature</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-09-03</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e106228</spage><epage>e106228</epage><pages>e106228-e106228</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Aphid populations show periodic fluctuations and many causes are attributed to their dynamic. We investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of Metopolophium dirhodum, Sitobion avenae, and Rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a 24 years long time series data. We computed the sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C, the threshold temperature for aphid development, and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0(threshold for wheat development),5] °C interval. Applying Generalised Additive Model framework we tested influences of temperature history expressed via degree days before the start of the aphid immigration on the length of their occurrence. We aimed to estimate the magnitude and direction of this influence, and how far to the past before the start of the aphid season the temperature effect goes and then identify processes responsible for the effect. We fitted four models that differed in the way of correcting for abundance in the previous year and in specification of temperature effects. Abundance in the previous year did not affect the length of period of aphid population growth on wheat. The temperature effect on the period length increased up to 123 days before the start of the current season, i.e. when wheat completed vernalization. Increased sum of daily temperatures above 5 °C and the sum of daily temperatures within the [0,5] °C interval both shortened the length of period of aphid population growth. Stronger effect of the latter suggests that wheat can escape from aphid attacks if during winter temperatures range from 0 to 5 °C. The temperature influence was not homogeneous in time. The strongest effect of past temperature was about 50 to 80 and 90 to 110 days before the beginning of the current aphid season indicating important role of termination of aphid egg dormancy and egg hatching.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25184219</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0106228</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abundance Animals Aphididae Aphidoidea Aphids - physiology Biodiversity Biology and Life Sciences Cereals Climate change Daily temperatures Dormancy Ecology and Environmental Sciences Environmental conditions Growth models Growth rate Hatching Homoptera Hypotheses Immigration Influence Insects Metopolophium dirhodum Migration Models, Statistical Parasite Egg Count Population Dynamics Population growth Population regulation Reproduction - physiology Rhopalosiphum padi Seasons Senescence Sitobion avenae Temperature Temperature effects Temperature range Time series Trends Triticum - parasitology Triticum aestivum Vernalization Wheat Winter Winter temperatures Winter wheat |
| title | Population dynamics of aphids on cereals: digging in the time-series data to reveal population regulation caused by temperature |
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