Meibomian gland dysfunction determines the severity of the dry eye conditions in visual display terminal workers
To explore meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) may determine the severity of dry eye conditions in visual display terminal (VDT) workers. Prospective, case-control study carried out in China.106 eyes of 53 patients (VDT work time >4 hour per day) were recruited as the Long time VDT group; 80 eyes o...
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| creator | Wu, Huping Wang, Yuqian Dong, Nuo Yang, Fan Lin, Zhirong Shang, Xumin Li, Cheng |
| description | To explore meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) may determine the severity of dry eye conditions in visual display terminal (VDT) workers.
Prospective, case-control study carried out in China.106 eyes of 53 patients (VDT work time >4 hour per day) were recruited as the Long time VDT group; 80 eyes of 40 control subjects (VDT work time ≤ 4 hour per day) served as the Short time VDT group. A questionnaire of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and multiple tests were performed. Three dry eye tests: tear film breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I test; and three MGD parameters: lid margin abnormality score, meibum expression assessment (meibum score), and meibomian gland dropout degree (meiboscore) using Keratograph 5 M.
OSDI and corneal fluorescein score were significantly higher while BUT was dramatically shorter in the long time VDT group than the short time VDT group. However, the average of Schirmer tear volumes was in normal ranges in both groups. Interestingly, the three MGD parameters were significantly higher in the long time VDT group than the short time one (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0105575 |
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Prospective, case-control study carried out in China.106 eyes of 53 patients (VDT work time >4 hour per day) were recruited as the Long time VDT group; 80 eyes of 40 control subjects (VDT work time ≤ 4 hour per day) served as the Short time VDT group. A questionnaire of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and multiple tests were performed. Three dry eye tests: tear film breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I test; and three MGD parameters: lid margin abnormality score, meibum expression assessment (meibum score), and meibomian gland dropout degree (meiboscore) using Keratograph 5 M.
OSDI and corneal fluorescein score were significantly higher while BUT was dramatically shorter in the long time VDT group than the short time VDT group. However, the average of Schirmer tear volumes was in normal ranges in both groups. Interestingly, the three MGD parameters were significantly higher in the long time VDT group than the short time one (P<0.0001). When 52 eyes with Schirmer <10 mm and 54 eyes with Schirmer ≥ 10 mm were separated from the long time VDT workers, no significant differences were found between the two subgroups in OSDI, fluorescein staining and BUT, as well as the three MGD parameters. All three MGD parameters were positively correlated with VDT working time (P<0.0001) and fluorescein scores (P<0.0001), inversely correlated with BUT (P<0.05), but not correlated with Schirmer tear volumes in the VDT workers.
Our findings suggest that a malfunction of meibomian glands is associated with dry eye patients in long term VDT workers with higher OSDI scores whereas some of those patients presenting a normal tear volume.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105575</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25144638</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cornea ; Disease ; Eye ; Eye (anatomy) ; Eye diseases ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Glands ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Meibomian Glands - metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Morphology ; Occupational Diseases ; Parameters ; Patients ; Risk Factors ; Staining ; Stains & staining ; Subgroups ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tearing ; Tears - metabolism ; Workers ; Xerophthalmia - diagnosis ; Xerophthalmia - epidemiology ; Xerophthalmia - etiology ; Xerophthalmia - metabolism ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e105575</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Wu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Wu et al 2014 Wu et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-288904d5f4649a887c56bc447b3cbcda214c0a98abcb271916c61d6eaad348713</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-288904d5f4649a887c56bc447b3cbcda214c0a98abcb271916c61d6eaad348713</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140788/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140788/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2929,23871,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25144638$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Sakakibara, Manabu</contributor><creatorcontrib>Wu, Huping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Nuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Zhirong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shang, Xumin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Cheng</creatorcontrib><title>Meibomian gland dysfunction determines the severity of the dry eye conditions in visual display terminal workers</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To explore meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) may determine the severity of dry eye conditions in visual display terminal (VDT) workers.
Prospective, case-control study carried out in China.106 eyes of 53 patients (VDT work time >4 hour per day) were recruited as the Long time VDT group; 80 eyes of 40 control subjects (VDT work time ≤ 4 hour per day) served as the Short time VDT group. A questionnaire of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and multiple tests were performed. Three dry eye tests: tear film breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I test; and three MGD parameters: lid margin abnormality score, meibum expression assessment (meibum score), and meibomian gland dropout degree (meiboscore) using Keratograph 5 M.
OSDI and corneal fluorescein score were significantly higher while BUT was dramatically shorter in the long time VDT group than the short time VDT group. However, the average of Schirmer tear volumes was in normal ranges in both groups. Interestingly, the three MGD parameters were significantly higher in the long time VDT group than the short time one (P<0.0001). When 52 eyes with Schirmer <10 mm and 54 eyes with Schirmer ≥ 10 mm were separated from the long time VDT workers, no significant differences were found between the two subgroups in OSDI, fluorescein staining and BUT, as well as the three MGD parameters. All three MGD parameters were positively correlated with VDT working time (P<0.0001) and fluorescein scores (P<0.0001), inversely correlated with BUT (P<0.05), but not correlated with Schirmer tear volumes in the VDT workers.
Our findings suggest that a malfunction of meibomian glands is associated with dry eye patients in long term VDT workers with higher OSDI scores whereas some of those patients presenting a normal tear volume.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cornea</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Eye (anatomy)</subject><subject>Eye diseases</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorescein</subject><subject>Glands</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Meibomian Glands - metabolism</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Staining</subject><subject>Stains & staining</subject><subject>Subgroups</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Tearing</subject><subject>Tears - metabolism</subject><subject>Workers</subject><subject>Xerophthalmia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Xerophthalmia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Xerophthalmia - etiology</subject><subject>Xerophthalmia - metabolism</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl2L1DAYhYso7rr6D0QDguDFjE2TNOmNsCx-DKws-HUb0uTtTMZOMpu0o_33Zma6yxQUpBdt3z7n5OX0ZNlznM8x4fjt2vfBqXa-9Q7mOc4Z4-xBdo4rUszKIicPT57PsicxrvOcEVGWj7OzgmFKSyLOs-1nsLXfWOXQslXOIDPEpne6s94hAx2EjXUQUbcCFGEHwXYD8s3h3YQBwQBIe2fsXhCRdWhnY69aZGzctmpAR4c0-OXDTwjxafaoUW2EZ-P9Ivv-4f23q0-z65uPi6vL65nmTHSzQogqp4Y1tKSVEoJrVtaaUl4TXWujCkx1riqhal0XHFe41CU2JShlCBUck4vs5dF32_oox7CixIyxQhDGaSIWR8J4tZbbYDcqDNIrKw8DH5ZShc7qFiQvuE7hVXkl9gsR1VQNxsBxTThp2P60d-Npfb0Bo8F1QbUT0-kXZ1dy6XeSYppzIZLBq9Eg-NseYvePlUdqqdJW1jU-memNjVpeUiwwSTmUiZr_hUqXgY1NPwsam-YTwZuJIDEd_O6Wqo9RLr5--X_25seUfX3CrkC13Sr6tj90ZQrSI6iDjzFAc58czuW-7XdpyH3b5dj2JHtxmvq96K7e5A-HnPto</recordid><startdate>20140821</startdate><enddate>20140821</enddate><creator>Wu, Huping</creator><creator>Wang, Yuqian</creator><creator>Dong, Nuo</creator><creator>Yang, Fan</creator><creator>Lin, Zhirong</creator><creator>Shang, Xumin</creator><creator>Li, Cheng</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140821</creationdate><title>Meibomian gland dysfunction determines the severity of the dry eye conditions in visual display terminal workers</title><author>Wu, Huping ; Wang, Yuqian ; Dong, Nuo ; Yang, Fan ; Lin, Zhirong ; Shang, Xumin ; Li, Cheng</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-288904d5f4649a887c56bc447b3cbcda214c0a98abcb271916c61d6eaad348713</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cornea</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Eye</topic><topic>Eye (anatomy)</topic><topic>Eye diseases</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorescein</topic><topic>Glands</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Meibomian Glands - metabolism</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Staining</topic><topic>Stains & staining</topic><topic>Subgroups</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Tearing</topic><topic>Tears - metabolism</topic><topic>Workers</topic><topic>Xerophthalmia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Xerophthalmia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Xerophthalmia - etiology</topic><topic>Xerophthalmia - metabolism</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wu, Huping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Nuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Zhirong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shang, Xumin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Cheng</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Prospective, case-control study carried out in China.106 eyes of 53 patients (VDT work time >4 hour per day) were recruited as the Long time VDT group; 80 eyes of 40 control subjects (VDT work time ≤ 4 hour per day) served as the Short time VDT group. A questionnaire of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and multiple tests were performed. Three dry eye tests: tear film breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I test; and three MGD parameters: lid margin abnormality score, meibum expression assessment (meibum score), and meibomian gland dropout degree (meiboscore) using Keratograph 5 M.
OSDI and corneal fluorescein score were significantly higher while BUT was dramatically shorter in the long time VDT group than the short time VDT group. However, the average of Schirmer tear volumes was in normal ranges in both groups. Interestingly, the three MGD parameters were significantly higher in the long time VDT group than the short time one (P<0.0001). When 52 eyes with Schirmer <10 mm and 54 eyes with Schirmer ≥ 10 mm were separated from the long time VDT workers, no significant differences were found between the two subgroups in OSDI, fluorescein staining and BUT, as well as the three MGD parameters. All three MGD parameters were positively correlated with VDT working time (P<0.0001) and fluorescein scores (P<0.0001), inversely correlated with BUT (P<0.05), but not correlated with Schirmer tear volumes in the VDT workers.
Our findings suggest that a malfunction of meibomian glands is associated with dry eye patients in long term VDT workers with higher OSDI scores whereas some of those patients presenting a normal tear volume.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25144638</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0105575</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Cornea Disease Eye Eye (anatomy) Eye diseases Female Fluorescein Glands Humans Incidence Male Medicine and Health Sciences Meibomian Glands - metabolism Middle Aged Morphology Occupational Diseases Parameters Patients Risk Factors Staining Stains & staining Subgroups Surveys and Questionnaires Tearing Tears - metabolism Workers Xerophthalmia - diagnosis Xerophthalmia - epidemiology Xerophthalmia - etiology Xerophthalmia - metabolism Young Adult |
| title | Meibomian gland dysfunction determines the severity of the dry eye conditions in visual display terminal workers |
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