Reduced functional reserve in patients with age-related white matter changes: a preliminary FMRI study of working memory
Subcortical age-related white matter changes (ARWMC) are a frequent finding in healthy elderly people suggested to cause secondary tissue changes and possibly affecting cognitive processes. We aimed to determine the influence of the extent of ARWMC load on attention and working memory processes in h...
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| creator | Griebe, Martin Amann, Michael Hirsch, Jochen G Achtnichts, Lutz Hennerici, Michael G Gass, Achim Szabo, Kristina |
| description | Subcortical age-related white matter changes (ARWMC) are a frequent finding in healthy elderly people suggested to cause secondary tissue changes and possibly affecting cognitive processes. We aimed to determine the influence of the extent of ARWMC load on attention and working memory processes in healthy elderly individuals. Fourteen healthy elderly subjects (MMSE >26; age 55-80 years) performed three fMRI tasks with increasing difficulty assessing alertness, attention (0-back), and working memory (2-back). We compared activation patterns in those with only minimal ARWMC (Fazekas 0-1) to those with moderate to severe ARWMC (Fazekas 2-3). During the fMRI experiments, the study population showed activation in brain areas typically involved in attention and working memory with a recruitment of cortical areas with increasing task difficulty. Subjects with higher lesion load showed a higher activation at all task levels with only sparse increase of signal with increasing complexity. In the lower lesion load group, rising task difficulty lead to a significant and widely distributed increase of activation. Although the number of patients included in the study is small, these findings suggest that even clinically silent ARWMC may affect cognitive processing and lead to compensatory activation during cognitive tasks. This can be interpreted as a reduction of functional reserve and may pose a risk for cognitive decline in these patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0103359 |
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We aimed to determine the influence of the extent of ARWMC load on attention and working memory processes in healthy elderly individuals. Fourteen healthy elderly subjects (MMSE >26; age 55-80 years) performed three fMRI tasks with increasing difficulty assessing alertness, attention (0-back), and working memory (2-back). We compared activation patterns in those with only minimal ARWMC (Fazekas 0-1) to those with moderate to severe ARWMC (Fazekas 2-3). During the fMRI experiments, the study population showed activation in brain areas typically involved in attention and working memory with a recruitment of cortical areas with increasing task difficulty. Subjects with higher lesion load showed a higher activation at all task levels with only sparse increase of signal with increasing complexity. In the lower lesion load group, rising task difficulty lead to a significant and widely distributed increase of activation. Although the number of patients included in the study is small, these findings suggest that even clinically silent ARWMC may affect cognitive processing and lead to compensatory activation during cognitive tasks. This can be interpreted as a reduction of functional reserve and may pose a risk for cognitive decline in these patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103359</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25119565</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Activation ; Activities of daily living ; Age ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Aging - pathology ; Alertness ; Attention ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brain ; Brain Mapping ; Brain research ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition Disorders - pathology ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive tasks ; Comparative analysis ; Cortex ; Data analysis ; Ethics ; Female ; Functional magnetic resonance imaging ; Geriatrics ; Humans ; Information processing ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical imaging ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Memory ; Memory, Short-Term ; Middle Aged ; Multiple sclerosis ; Neurology ; Neurosciences ; Older people ; Patients ; Population studies ; Short term memory ; Substantia alba ; White Matter - pathology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e103359-e103359</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Griebe et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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We aimed to determine the influence of the extent of ARWMC load on attention and working memory processes in healthy elderly individuals. Fourteen healthy elderly subjects (MMSE >26; age 55-80 years) performed three fMRI tasks with increasing difficulty assessing alertness, attention (0-back), and working memory (2-back). We compared activation patterns in those with only minimal ARWMC (Fazekas 0-1) to those with moderate to severe ARWMC (Fazekas 2-3). During the fMRI experiments, the study population showed activation in brain areas typically involved in attention and working memory with a recruitment of cortical areas with increasing task difficulty. Subjects with higher lesion load showed a higher activation at all task levels with only sparse increase of signal with increasing complexity. In the lower lesion load group, rising task difficulty lead to a significant and widely distributed increase of activation. Although the number of patients included in the study is small, these findings suggest that even clinically silent ARWMC may affect cognitive processing and lead to compensatory activation during cognitive tasks. This can be interpreted as a reduction of functional reserve and may pose a risk for cognitive decline in these patients.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25119565</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0103359</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Activation Activities of daily living Age Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Aging - pathology Alertness Attention Biology and Life Sciences Brain Brain Mapping Brain research Cognition & reasoning Cognition Disorders - pathology Cognitive ability Cognitive tasks Comparative analysis Cortex Data analysis Ethics Female Functional magnetic resonance imaging Geriatrics Humans Information processing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medical imaging Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Memory Memory, Short-Term Middle Aged Multiple sclerosis Neurology Neurosciences Older people Patients Population studies Short term memory Substantia alba White Matter - pathology |
| title | Reduced functional reserve in patients with age-related white matter changes: a preliminary FMRI study of working memory |
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