Shift in the microbial ecology of a hospital hot water system following the introduction of an on-site monochloramine disinfection system
Drinking water distribution systems, including premise plumbing, contain a diverse microbiological community that may include opportunistic pathogens. On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-...
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| description | Drinking water distribution systems, including premise plumbing, contain a diverse microbiological community that may include opportunistic pathogens. On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital's hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. There was an immediate shift towards decreased relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria, and increased relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria. Following treatment, microbial populations grouped by sampling location rather than sampling time. Over the course of treatment the relative abundance of certain genera containing opportunistic pathogens and genera containing denitrifying bacteria increased. The results demonstrate the driving influence of supplemental disinfection on premise plumbing microbial ecology and suggest the value of further investigation into the overall effects of premise plumbing disinfection strategies on microbial ecology and not solely specific target microorganisms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0102679 |
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On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital's hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. There was an immediate shift towards decreased relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria, and increased relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria. Following treatment, microbial populations grouped by sampling location rather than sampling time. Over the course of treatment the relative abundance of certain genera containing opportunistic pathogens and genera containing denitrifying bacteria increased. The results demonstrate the driving influence of supplemental disinfection on premise plumbing microbial ecology and suggest the value of further investigation into the overall effects of premise plumbing disinfection strategies on microbial ecology and not solely specific target microorganisms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102679</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25033448</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Actinobacteria - genetics ; Actinobacteria - growth & development ; Bacteria ; Base Sequence ; Biofilms ; Biofilms - drug effects ; Biofilms - growth & development ; Bioinformatics ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Chloramines - pharmacology ; Communities ; Community composition ; Cyanobacteria ; Cyanobacteria - genetics ; Cyanobacteria - growth & development ; Denitrifying bacteria ; Disinfectants - pharmacology ; Disinfection ; Disinfection & disinfectants ; Disinfection - methods ; DNA, Bacterial - genetics ; Drinking water ; Drinking Water - microbiology ; Ecological effects ; Ecological monitoring ; Ecology ; Engineering and Technology ; Engineering schools ; Environmental engineering ; Hospital Distribution Systems ; Hospitals ; Hot water ; Infection control ; Laboratories ; Legionella ; Microorganisms ; Monochloramine ; Onsite ; Opportunist infection ; Pathogens ; Plumbing ; Proteobacteria - genetics ; Proteobacteria - growth & development ; Relative abundance ; RNA ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S ; Sampling ; Sanitary Engineering ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Water distribution ; Water distribution systems ; Water engineering ; Water Microbiology ; Water Purification - methods ; Water Quality ; Water treatment</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-07, Vol.9 (7), p.e102679</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Baron et al. 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On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital's hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. 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On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital's hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. 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| subjects | Abundance Actinobacteria - genetics Actinobacteria - growth & development Bacteria Base Sequence Biofilms Biofilms - drug effects Biofilms - growth & development Bioinformatics Biology and Life Sciences Chloramines - pharmacology Communities Community composition Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria - genetics Cyanobacteria - growth & development Denitrifying bacteria Disinfectants - pharmacology Disinfection Disinfection & disinfectants Disinfection - methods DNA, Bacterial - genetics Drinking water Drinking Water - microbiology Ecological effects Ecological monitoring Ecology Engineering and Technology Engineering schools Environmental engineering Hospital Distribution Systems Hospitals Hot water Infection control Laboratories Legionella Microorganisms Monochloramine Onsite Opportunist infection Pathogens Plumbing Proteobacteria - genetics Proteobacteria - growth & development Relative abundance RNA RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Sampling Sanitary Engineering Sequence Analysis, DNA Studies Tertiary Care Centers Water distribution Water distribution systems Water engineering Water Microbiology Water Purification - methods Water Quality Water treatment |
| title | Shift in the microbial ecology of a hospital hot water system following the introduction of an on-site monochloramine disinfection system |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-04T08%3A54%3A34IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Shift%20in%20the%20microbial%20ecology%20of%20a%20hospital%20hot%20water%20system%20following%20the%20introduction%20of%20an%20on-site%20monochloramine%20disinfection%20system&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Baron,%20Julianne%20L&rft.date=2014-07-17&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e102679&rft.pages=e102679-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102679&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA418424854%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1545822028&rft_id=info:pmid/25033448&rft_galeid=A418424854&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_5151becd37174e22a0722b7197794a64&rfr_iscdi=true |