Stratification of carbon fractions and carbon management index in deep soil affected by the Grain-to-Green Program in China
Conversion of slope cropland to perennial vegetation has a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in A horizon. However, the impact on SOC and its fraction stratification is still poorly understood in deep soil in Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China. Samples were collected from three ty...
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| description | Conversion of slope cropland to perennial vegetation has a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in A horizon. However, the impact on SOC and its fraction stratification is still poorly understood in deep soil in Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China. Samples were collected from three typical conversion lands, Robinia psendoacacia (RP), Caragana Korshinskii Kom (CK), and abandoned land (AB), which have been converted from slope croplands (SC) for 30 years in LHR. Contents of SOC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate organic carbon (POC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), and their stratification ratios (SR) and carbon management indexes (CMI) were determined on soil profiles from 0 to 200 cm. Results showed that the SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks of RP were significantly higher than that of SC in soil layers of 0-10, 10-40, 40-100 and 100-200 cm (P2.0 in most cases of RP, CK and AB. Moreover, CMI values of RP, CK, and AB increased by 11.61-61.53% in soil layer of 100-200 cm compared with SC. Significant positive correlations between SOC stocks and CMI or SR values of both surface soil and deep soil layers indicated that they were suitable indicators for soil quality and carbon changes evaluation. The Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) had strong influence on improving quantity and activity of SOC pool through all soil layers of converted lands, and deep soil organic carbon should be considered in C cycle induced by GTGP. It was concluded that converting slope croplands to RP forestlands was the most efficient way for sequestering C in LHR soils. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0099657 |
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However, the impact on SOC and its fraction stratification is still poorly understood in deep soil in Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China. Samples were collected from three typical conversion lands, Robinia psendoacacia (RP), Caragana Korshinskii Kom (CK), and abandoned land (AB), which have been converted from slope croplands (SC) for 30 years in LHR. Contents of SOC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate organic carbon (POC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), and their stratification ratios (SR) and carbon management indexes (CMI) were determined on soil profiles from 0 to 200 cm. Results showed that the SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks of RP were significantly higher than that of SC in soil layers of 0-10, 10-40, 40-100 and 100-200 cm (P<0.05). Soil layer of 100-200 cm accounted for 27.38-36.62%, 25.10-32.91%, 21.59-31.69% and 21.08-26.83% to SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks in lands of RP, CK and AB. SR values were >2.0 in most cases of RP, CK and AB. Moreover, CMI values of RP, CK, and AB increased by 11.61-61.53% in soil layer of 100-200 cm compared with SC. Significant positive correlations between SOC stocks and CMI or SR values of both surface soil and deep soil layers indicated that they were suitable indicators for soil quality and carbon changes evaluation. The Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) had strong influence on improving quantity and activity of SOC pool through all soil layers of converted lands, and deep soil organic carbon should be considered in C cycle induced by GTGP. It was concluded that converting slope croplands to RP forestlands was the most efficient way for sequestering C in LHR soils.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099657</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24915425</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abandoned land ; Agricultural engineering ; Agricultural land ; Agriculture - methods ; Agronomy ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Carbon ; Carbon - analysis ; Carbon sequestration ; China ; Climate change ; Conversion ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Ecosystems ; Environmental impact ; Geography ; Grain ; Land use ; Loess ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - analysis ; Organic carbon ; Organic soils ; Particulate organic carbon ; Physical Sciences ; Regression Analysis ; Robinia pseudoacacia ; Sequestering ; Slopes ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil carbon ; Soil erosion ; Soil layers ; Soil management ; Soil profiles ; Soil properties ; Soil quality ; Soil sciences ; Soil surfaces</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-06, Vol.9 (6), p.e99657-e99657</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Zhao et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Zhao et al 2014 Zhao et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-f499a5538a30106e341d4bfcece4594fa95f66d0fa7e2b0904cca22fae54de463</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-f499a5538a30106e341d4bfcece4594fa95f66d0fa7e2b0904cca22fae54de463</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051785/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4051785/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24915425$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Balestrini, Raffaella</contributor><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Fazhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Gaihe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Xinhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Yongzhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ren, Guangxin</creatorcontrib><title>Stratification of carbon fractions and carbon management index in deep soil affected by the Grain-to-Green Program in China</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Conversion of slope cropland to perennial vegetation has a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in A horizon. However, the impact on SOC and its fraction stratification is still poorly understood in deep soil in Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China. Samples were collected from three typical conversion lands, Robinia psendoacacia (RP), Caragana Korshinskii Kom (CK), and abandoned land (AB), which have been converted from slope croplands (SC) for 30 years in LHR. Contents of SOC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate organic carbon (POC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), and their stratification ratios (SR) and carbon management indexes (CMI) were determined on soil profiles from 0 to 200 cm. Results showed that the SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks of RP were significantly higher than that of SC in soil layers of 0-10, 10-40, 40-100 and 100-200 cm (P<0.05). Soil layer of 100-200 cm accounted for 27.38-36.62%, 25.10-32.91%, 21.59-31.69% and 21.08-26.83% to SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks in lands of RP, CK and AB. SR values were >2.0 in most cases of RP, CK and AB. Moreover, CMI values of RP, CK, and AB increased by 11.61-61.53% in soil layer of 100-200 cm compared with SC. Significant positive correlations between SOC stocks and CMI or SR values of both surface soil and deep soil layers indicated that they were suitable indicators for soil quality and carbon changes evaluation. The Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) had strong influence on improving quantity and activity of SOC pool through all soil layers of converted lands, and deep soil organic carbon should be considered in C cycle induced by GTGP. It was concluded that converting slope croplands to RP forestlands was the most efficient way for sequestering C in LHR soils.</description><subject>Abandoned land</subject><subject>Agricultural engineering</subject><subject>Agricultural land</subject><subject>Agriculture - methods</subject><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon - analysis</subject><subject>Carbon sequestration</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Conversion</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Loess</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Organic carbon</subject><subject>Organic soils</subject><subject>Particulate organic carbon</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Robinia pseudoacacia</subject><subject>Sequestering</subject><subject>Slopes</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil carbon</subject><subject>Soil erosion</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil management</subject><subject>Soil profiles</subject><subject>Soil properties</subject><subject>Soil quality</subject><subject>Soil sciences</subject><subject>Soil surfaces</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk12LEzEUhgdR3HX1H4gOCKIXrfmcTm6EpWgtLKy46m04zZy0KTNJTaayi3_e9GtpZS8kkIST532TnOQUxUtKhpSP6IdlWEcP7XAVPA4JUaqSo0fFOVWcDSpG-OOj-VnxLKUlIZLXVfW0OGNCUSmYPC_-3PQRemedyX3wZbClgTjLMxvBbEKpBN8cgh14mGOHvi-db_A292WDuCpTcG0J1qLpsSlnd2W_wHISwflBHwaTiOjLrzHMI3QbzXjhPDwvnlhoE77YjxfFj8-fvo-_DK6uJ9Px5dXAVIr1AyuUApmPDpxQUiEXtBEza9CgkEpYUNJWVUMsjJDNiCLCGGDMAkrRoKj4RfF657tqQ9L7vCVNJReSEVWPMjHdEU2ApV5F10G80wGc3gZCnGuIvTMtaqgVCIqWMw7CCKoYbRoDgiEdga159vq4320967AxOVcR2hPT0xXvFnoefmtBJB3VMhu82xvE8GuNqdedSwbbFjyG9fbcsmJKMJXRN_-gD99uT80hX8B5G_K-ZmOqLwWtKy5rtfEaPkDl1mDnTP5k1uX4ieD9iSAzPd72c1inpKc33_6fvf55yr49YhcIbb9IoV1vP-MpKHagiSGliPY-yZToTY0csqE3NaL3NZJlr44f6F50KAr-F9BsDTk</recordid><startdate>20140610</startdate><enddate>20140610</enddate><creator>Zhao, Fazhu</creator><creator>Yang, Gaihe</creator><creator>Han, Xinhui</creator><creator>Feng, Yongzhong</creator><creator>Ren, Guangxin</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140610</creationdate><title>Stratification of carbon fractions and carbon management index in deep soil affected by the Grain-to-Green Program in China</title><author>Zhao, Fazhu ; Yang, Gaihe ; Han, Xinhui ; Feng, Yongzhong ; Ren, Guangxin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-f499a5538a30106e341d4bfcece4594fa95f66d0fa7e2b0904cca22fae54de463</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Abandoned land</topic><topic>Agricultural engineering</topic><topic>Agricultural land</topic><topic>Agriculture - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Fazhu</au><au>Yang, Gaihe</au><au>Han, Xinhui</au><au>Feng, Yongzhong</au><au>Ren, Guangxin</au><au>Balestrini, Raffaella</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Stratification of carbon fractions and carbon management index in deep soil affected by the Grain-to-Green Program in China</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-06-10</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e99657</spage><epage>e99657</epage><pages>e99657-e99657</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Conversion of slope cropland to perennial vegetation has a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in A horizon. However, the impact on SOC and its fraction stratification is still poorly understood in deep soil in Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China. Samples were collected from three typical conversion lands, Robinia psendoacacia (RP), Caragana Korshinskii Kom (CK), and abandoned land (AB), which have been converted from slope croplands (SC) for 30 years in LHR. Contents of SOC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate organic carbon (POC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), and their stratification ratios (SR) and carbon management indexes (CMI) were determined on soil profiles from 0 to 200 cm. Results showed that the SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks of RP were significantly higher than that of SC in soil layers of 0-10, 10-40, 40-100 and 100-200 cm (P<0.05). Soil layer of 100-200 cm accounted for 27.38-36.62%, 25.10-32.91%, 21.59-31.69% and 21.08-26.83% to SOC, TN, POC and LOC stocks in lands of RP, CK and AB. SR values were >2.0 in most cases of RP, CK and AB. Moreover, CMI values of RP, CK, and AB increased by 11.61-61.53% in soil layer of 100-200 cm compared with SC. Significant positive correlations between SOC stocks and CMI or SR values of both surface soil and deep soil layers indicated that they were suitable indicators for soil quality and carbon changes evaluation. The Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) had strong influence on improving quantity and activity of SOC pool through all soil layers of converted lands, and deep soil organic carbon should be considered in C cycle induced by GTGP. It was concluded that converting slope croplands to RP forestlands was the most efficient way for sequestering C in LHR soils.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24915425</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0099657</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Abandoned land Agricultural engineering Agricultural land Agriculture - methods Agronomy Biology and Life Sciences Carbon Carbon - analysis Carbon sequestration China Climate change Conversion Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecosystems Environmental impact Geography Grain Land use Loess Nitrogen Nitrogen - analysis Organic carbon Organic soils Particulate organic carbon Physical Sciences Regression Analysis Robinia pseudoacacia Sequestering Slopes Soil - chemistry Soil carbon Soil erosion Soil layers Soil management Soil profiles Soil properties Soil quality Soil sciences Soil surfaces |
| title | Stratification of carbon fractions and carbon management index in deep soil affected by the Grain-to-Green Program in China |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T06%3A39%3A28IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stratification%20of%20carbon%20fractions%20and%20carbon%20management%20index%20in%20deep%20soil%20affected%20by%20the%20Grain-to-Green%20Program%20in%20China&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Zhao,%20Fazhu&rft.date=2014-06-10&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e99657&rft.epage=e99657&rft.pages=e99657-e99657&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099657&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA418635899%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1534520987&rft_id=info:pmid/24915425&rft_galeid=A418635899&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_a89a41ef323a4c41921ddca42e17af83&rfr_iscdi=true |