A firmer understanding of the effect of hypergravity on thyroid tissue: cholesterol and thyrotropin receptor
Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we...
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| creator | Albi, Elisabetta Curcio, Francesco Lazzarini, Andrea Floridi, Alessandro Cataldi, Samuela Lazzarini, Remo Loreti, Elisabetta Ferri, Ivana Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio |
| description | Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0098250 |
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The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098250</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24866829</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blotting, Western ; Caveolin ; Caveolin 1 - metabolism ; Caveolin-1 ; Cell cycle ; Ceramide ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol - metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyclic AMP ; Cyclic AMP - metabolism ; Cytoskeleton ; Deconditioning ; Endocrinology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Gravitational effects ; Gravity ; Histology ; Homeostasis ; Hypergravity ; Laboratory animals ; Lipid rafts ; Lipids ; Localization ; Long duration space flight ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Physiological aspects ; Proteins ; Rafts ; Receptors, Thyrotropin - metabolism ; Regulation ; Signal Transduction ; Signaling ; Space flight ; Space missions ; Sphingomyelin ; Stat3 protein ; Studies ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Thyroid ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid Gland - cytology ; Thyroid Gland - physiology ; Thyroid-stimulating hormone ; Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors ; Thyrotropin ; Thyrotropin - metabolism ; Transcription</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-05, Vol.9 (5), p.e98250-e98250</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Albi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>Caveolin</subject><subject>Caveolin 1 - metabolism</subject><subject>Caveolin-1</subject><subject>Cell cycle</subject><subject>Ceramide</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterol - metabolism</subject><subject>Chromatography, Liquid</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytoskeleton</subject><subject>Deconditioning</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique</subject><subject>Gravitational effects</subject><subject>Gravity</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Hypergravity</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Lipid rafts</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Localization</subject><subject>Long duration space flight</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred C57BL</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Rafts</subject><subject>Receptors, Thyrotropin - metabolism</subject><subject>Regulation</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Signaling</subject><subject>Space flight</subject><subject>Space missions</subject><subject>Sphingomyelin</subject><subject>Stat3 protein</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Thyroid</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - cytology</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - physiology</subject><subject>Thyroid-stimulating hormone</subject><subject>Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors</subject><subject>Thyrotropin</subject><subject>Thyrotropin - metabolism</subject><subject>Transcription</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1uL1DAUx4so7rr6DUQLgujDjGnTqw_CsHgZWFjw9hrS5LTNkElqki7Ot_fU6S5T2QfpQ5qc3_nnXHKi6HlC1gktk3c7OzrD9XqwBtaE1FWakwfReVLTdFWkhD48-T-Lnni_IySnVVE8js7SDNcqrc8jvYlb5fbg4tFIcD5wI5XpYtvGoYcY2hZEmHb9YQDXOX6jwiG2Bq0HZ5WMg_J-hPex6K0GH8BZHaPG0R6cHZSJHQgYgnVPo0ct1x6ezetF9OPTx--XX1ZX15-3l5urlSjzKqxELmRFOecAXDQko5K0NbRFXhJRlW1GoCkAJYuGIFeJoqCYfkN4IqRsWkEvopdH3UFbz-ZCeZbkaYVlorRAYnskpOU7Nji15-7ALFfs74F1HeMuKKGBEQyHN1IWZd5kRHCe1yhUVlJiRE09aX2YbxubPUgBJjiuF6JLi1E96-wNywjNaVqiwJtZwNlfIxaR7ZUXoDU3YMcpbkoodrEiiL76B70_u5nqOCagTIuN4GISZZssKcsan8F07foeCj8JeyXwVbUKzxcObxcOyAT4HTo-es-2377-P3v9c8m-PmF74Dr03uoxKGv8EsyOoHDWewftXZETwqahuK0Gm4aCzUOBbi9OG3TndDsF9A_y3wri</recordid><startdate>20140527</startdate><enddate>20140527</enddate><creator>Albi, Elisabetta</creator><creator>Curcio, Francesco</creator><creator>Lazzarini, Andrea</creator><creator>Floridi, Alessandro</creator><creator>Cataldi, Samuela</creator><creator>Lazzarini, Remo</creator><creator>Loreti, Elisabetta</creator><creator>Ferri, Ivana</creator><creator>Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140527</creationdate><title>A firmer understanding of the effect of hypergravity on thyroid tissue: cholesterol and thyrotropin receptor</title><author>Albi, Elisabetta ; Curcio, Francesco ; Lazzarini, Andrea ; Floridi, Alessandro ; Cataldi, Samuela ; Lazzarini, Remo ; Loreti, Elisabetta ; Ferri, Ivana ; Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-c5cd83aaaeeacb043d0f9ef6570c87f40eb6eece6b0d838c663098b0a1cddbfc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>Caveolin</topic><topic>Caveolin 1 - metabolism</topic><topic>Caveolin-1</topic><topic>Cell cycle</topic><topic>Ceramide</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cholesterol - metabolism</topic><topic>Chromatography, Liquid</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</topic><topic>Cytoskeleton</topic><topic>Deconditioning</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique</topic><topic>Gravitational effects</topic><topic>Gravity</topic><topic>Histology</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Hypergravity</topic><topic>Laboratory animals</topic><topic>Lipid rafts</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Localization</topic><topic>Long duration space flight</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred C57BL</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Rafts</topic><topic>Receptors, Thyrotropin - metabolism</topic><topic>Regulation</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Signaling</topic><topic>Space flight</topic><topic>Space missions</topic><topic>Sphingomyelin</topic><topic>Stat3 protein</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Thyroid</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - 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The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24866829</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0098250</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2014-05, Vol.9 (5), p.e98250-e98250 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| subjects | Animals Biology and Life Sciences Blotting, Western Caveolin Caveolin 1 - metabolism Caveolin-1 Cell cycle Ceramide Cholesterol Cholesterol - metabolism Chromatography, Liquid Cyclic AMP Cyclic AMP - metabolism Cytoskeleton Deconditioning Endocrinology Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gravitational effects Gravity Histology Homeostasis Hypergravity Laboratory animals Lipid rafts Lipids Localization Long duration space flight Medicine and Health Sciences Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Physiological aspects Proteins Rafts Receptors, Thyrotropin - metabolism Regulation Signal Transduction Signaling Space flight Space missions Sphingomyelin Stat3 protein Studies Tandem Mass Spectrometry Thyroid Thyroid gland Thyroid Gland - cytology Thyroid Gland - physiology Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors Thyrotropin Thyrotropin - metabolism Transcription |
| title | A firmer understanding of the effect of hypergravity on thyroid tissue: cholesterol and thyrotropin receptor |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-06T19%3A47%3A53IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20firmer%20understanding%20of%20the%20effect%20of%20hypergravity%20on%20thyroid%20tissue:%20cholesterol%20and%20thyrotropin%20receptor&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Albi,%20Elisabetta&rft.date=2014-05-27&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e98250&rft.epage=e98250&rft.pages=e98250-e98250&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0098250&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA417793867%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1528982336&rft_id=info:pmid/24866829&rft_galeid=A417793867&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_0c5cabdd675b40caa5915278ddf65b96&rfr_iscdi=true |