Fanconi syndrome accompanied by renal function decline with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a prospective, case-control study of predictors and resolution in HIV-infected patients

The predictors of Fanconi syndrome (FS) accompanied by renal function decline with use of the antiretroviral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) have not been assessed. In addition, the natural history of renal recovery from FS after TDF discontinuation is not well-described. We prospectively enroll...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2014-03, Vol.9 (3), p.e92717
Hauptverfasser: Gupta, Samir K, Anderson, Albert M, Ebrahimi, Ramin, Fralich, Todd, Graham, Hiba, Scharen-Guivel, Valeska, Flaherty, John F, Fortin, Claude, Kalayjian, Robert C, Rachlis, Anita, Wyatt, Christina M
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creator Gupta, Samir K
Anderson, Albert M
Ebrahimi, Ramin
Fralich, Todd
Graham, Hiba
Scharen-Guivel, Valeska
Flaherty, John F
Fortin, Claude
Kalayjian, Robert C
Rachlis, Anita
Wyatt, Christina M
description The predictors of Fanconi syndrome (FS) accompanied by renal function decline with use of the antiretroviral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) have not been assessed. In addition, the natural history of renal recovery from FS after TDF discontinuation is not well-described. We prospectively enrolled HIV-infected patients receiving TDF with newly identified FS (defined as at least two markers of proximal tubulopathy and either a >25% decline in creatinine clearance (CrCl) from pre-TDF values or a CrCl 70% of pre-TDF values) although most participants had full normalization of proximal tubulopathy markers within two months of TDF discontinuation. FS, defined by specific CrCl decreases and markers of tubulopathy, is more likely in those who have received or are currently receiving concomitant lopinavir/ritonavir or who had lower CrCl prior to TDF initiation. Half of those with protocol-defined FS had CrCl recover to near pre-TDF values during the first year after TDF discontinuation.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0092717
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In addition, the natural history of renal recovery from FS after TDF discontinuation is not well-described. We prospectively enrolled HIV-infected patients receiving TDF with newly identified FS (defined as at least two markers of proximal tubulopathy and either a &gt;25% decline in creatinine clearance (CrCl) from pre-TDF values or a CrCl &lt;60 mL/min in those without a known pre-TDF CrCl) in a multicenter observational study. These case participants were matched 1:2 to controls; characteristics between the two groups were compared. Case participants with known pre-TDF CrCl values were then followed over 48 weeks to assess renal recovery. Nineteen cases and 37 controls were enrolled. In multivariable analysis, previous or concurrent use of lopinavir/ritonavir [OR 16.37, 95% CI (2.28, 117.68); P = 0.006] and reduced creatinine clearance prior to initiation of TDF [OR 1.44 for every 5 mL/min reduction, 95% CI (1.09, 1.92); P = 0.012; OR 19.77 for pre-TDF CrCl lower than 83 mL/min, 95% CI (2.24, 174.67); P = 0.007] were significantly associated with FS. Of the 14 cases followed for resolution, 7 (50%) achieved at least partial resolution (defined as recovering CrCl &gt;70% of pre-TDF values) although most participants had full normalization of proximal tubulopathy markers within two months of TDF discontinuation. FS, defined by specific CrCl decreases and markers of tubulopathy, is more likely in those who have received or are currently receiving concomitant lopinavir/ritonavir or who had lower CrCl prior to TDF initiation. 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In addition, the natural history of renal recovery from FS after TDF discontinuation is not well-described. We prospectively enrolled HIV-infected patients receiving TDF with newly identified FS (defined as at least two markers of proximal tubulopathy and either a &gt;25% decline in creatinine clearance (CrCl) from pre-TDF values or a CrCl &lt;60 mL/min in those without a known pre-TDF CrCl) in a multicenter observational study. These case participants were matched 1:2 to controls; characteristics between the two groups were compared. Case participants with known pre-TDF CrCl values were then followed over 48 weeks to assess renal recovery. Nineteen cases and 37 controls were enrolled. In multivariable analysis, previous or concurrent use of lopinavir/ritonavir [OR 16.37, 95% CI (2.28, 117.68); P = 0.006] and reduced creatinine clearance prior to initiation of TDF [OR 1.44 for every 5 mL/min reduction, 95% CI (1.09, 1.92); P = 0.012; OR 19.77 for pre-TDF CrCl lower than 83 mL/min, 95% CI (2.24, 174.67); P = 0.007] were significantly associated with FS. Of the 14 cases followed for resolution, 7 (50%) achieved at least partial resolution (defined as recovering CrCl &gt;70% of pre-TDF values) although most participants had full normalization of proximal tubulopathy markers within two months of TDF discontinuation. FS, defined by specific CrCl decreases and markers of tubulopathy, is more likely in those who have received or are currently receiving concomitant lopinavir/ritonavir or who had lower CrCl prior to TDF initiation. Half of those with protocol-defined FS had CrCl recover to near pre-TDF values during the first year after TDF discontinuation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24651857</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0092717</doi><tpages>e92717</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2014-03, Vol.9 (3), p.e92717
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
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source MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adenine - adverse effects
Adenine - analogs & derivatives
Adenine - therapeutic use
Adult
AIDS
Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Biology and Life Sciences
Case-Control Studies
Control
Creatinine
Creatinine - urine
Fanconi syndrome
Fanconi Syndrome - complications
Female
Glomerular Filtration Rate
HIV
HIV infections
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV patients
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Kidney Diseases - chemically induced
Kidney Diseases - physiopathology
Kidney Function Tests
Laboratories
Lopinavir
Male
Markers
Medical research
Medicine and health sciences
Middle Aged
Multivariable control
Organophosphonates - adverse effects
Organophosphonates - therapeutic use
Patients
Prognosis
Prospective Studies
Recovery
Renal function
Research and Analysis Methods
Risk Factors
Ritonavir
Tenofovir
title Fanconi syndrome accompanied by renal function decline with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a prospective, case-control study of predictors and resolution in HIV-infected patients
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