Complexity for artificial substrates (CASU): software for creating and visualising habitat complexity
Physical habitat complexity regulates the structure and function of biological communities, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Urbanisation, pollution, unsustainable resource exploitation and climate change have resulted in the widespread simplification (and loss) o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-02, Vol.9 (2), p.e87990 |
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| creator | Loke, Lynette H L Jachowski, Nicholas R Bouma, Tjeerd J Ladle, Richard J Todd, Peter A |
| description | Physical habitat complexity regulates the structure and function of biological communities, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Urbanisation, pollution, unsustainable resource exploitation and climate change have resulted in the widespread simplification (and loss) of habitats worldwide. One way to restore physical complexity to anthropogenically simplified habitats is through the use of artificial substrates, which also offer excellent opportunities to explore the effects of different components (variables) of complexity on biodiversity and community structure that would be difficult to separate in natural systems. Here, we describe a software program (CASU) that enables users to visualise static, physical complexity. CASU also provides output files that can be used to create artificial substrates for experimental and/or restoration studies. It has two different operational modes: simple and advanced. In simple mode, users can adjust the five main variables of informational complexity (i.e. the number of object types, relative abundance of object types, density of objects, variability and range in the objects' dimensions, and their spatial arrangement) and visualise the changes as they do so. The advanced mode allows users to design artificial substrates by fine-tuning the complexity variables as well as alter object-specific parameters. We illustrate how CASU can be used to create tiles of different designs for application in a marine environment. Such an ability to systematically influence physical complexity could greatly facilitate ecological restoration by allowing conservationists to rebuild complexity in degraded and simplified habitats. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0087990 |
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Urbanisation, pollution, unsustainable resource exploitation and climate change have resulted in the widespread simplification (and loss) of habitats worldwide. One way to restore physical complexity to anthropogenically simplified habitats is through the use of artificial substrates, which also offer excellent opportunities to explore the effects of different components (variables) of complexity on biodiversity and community structure that would be difficult to separate in natural systems. Here, we describe a software program (CASU) that enables users to visualise static, physical complexity. CASU also provides output files that can be used to create artificial substrates for experimental and/or restoration studies. It has two different operational modes: simple and advanced. In simple mode, users can adjust the five main variables of informational complexity (i.e. the number of object types, relative abundance of object types, density of objects, variability and range in the objects' dimensions, and their spatial arrangement) and visualise the changes as they do so. The advanced mode allows users to design artificial substrates by fine-tuning the complexity variables as well as alter object-specific parameters. We illustrate how CASU can be used to create tiles of different designs for application in a marine environment. Such an ability to systematically influence physical complexity could greatly facilitate ecological restoration by allowing conservationists to rebuild complexity in degraded and simplified habitats.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087990</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24551074</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Anthropogenic factors ; Biodiversity ; Biology ; Climate change ; Coasts ; Community structure ; Complexity ; Computer programs ; Computer Simulation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Ecological effects ; Ecological restoration ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystems ; Engineering ; Entropy ; Exploitation ; Grasses ; Habitats ; Laboratories ; Lepidoptera ; Marine ecology ; Marine environment ; Microclimate ; Random variables ; Relative abundance ; Resource exploitation ; Restoration ; Shoreline protection ; Software ; Structure-function relationships ; Studies ; Substrates ; Topography ; Urbanization</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-02, Vol.9 (2), p.e87990</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Loke et al. 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Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Loke et al 2014 Loke et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-6c2cb2d0b2dd688236ecf5af1bd1b5bab8cd700af24be8ac406c4f5a601fa35d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-6c2cb2d0b2dd688236ecf5af1bd1b5bab8cd700af24be8ac406c4f5a601fa35d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3925107/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3925107/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24551074$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Loke, Lynette H L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jachowski, Nicholas R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouma, Tjeerd J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ladle, Richard J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Todd, Peter A</creatorcontrib><title>Complexity for artificial substrates (CASU): software for creating and visualising habitat complexity</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Physical habitat complexity regulates the structure and function of biological communities, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Urbanisation, pollution, unsustainable resource exploitation and climate change have resulted in the widespread simplification (and loss) of habitats worldwide. One way to restore physical complexity to anthropogenically simplified habitats is through the use of artificial substrates, which also offer excellent opportunities to explore the effects of different components (variables) of complexity on biodiversity and community structure that would be difficult to separate in natural systems. Here, we describe a software program (CASU) that enables users to visualise static, physical complexity. CASU also provides output files that can be used to create artificial substrates for experimental and/or restoration studies. It has two different operational modes: simple and advanced. 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Such an ability to systematically influence physical complexity could greatly facilitate ecological restoration by allowing conservationists to rebuild complexity in degraded and simplified habitats.</description><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Coasts</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Complexity</subject><subject>Computer programs</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Computer-Aided Design</subject><subject>Ecological effects</subject><subject>Ecological restoration</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Entropy</subject><subject>Exploitation</subject><subject>Grasses</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lepidoptera</subject><subject>Marine ecology</subject><subject>Marine 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| subjects | Anthropogenic factors Biodiversity Biology Climate change Coasts Community structure Complexity Computer programs Computer Simulation Computer-Aided Design Ecological effects Ecological restoration Ecosystem Ecosystems Engineering Entropy Exploitation Grasses Habitats Laboratories Lepidoptera Marine ecology Marine environment Microclimate Random variables Relative abundance Resource exploitation Restoration Shoreline protection Software Structure-function relationships Studies Substrates Topography Urbanization |
| title | Complexity for artificial substrates (CASU): software for creating and visualising habitat complexity |
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