Ants use partner specific odors to learn to recognize a mutualistic partner
Regulation via interspecific communication is an important for the maintenance of many mutualisms. However, mechanisms underlying the evolution of partner communication are poorly understood for many mutualisms. Here we show, in an ant-lycaenid butterfly mutualism, that attendant ants selectively le...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e86054-e86054 |
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| creator | Hojo, Masaru K Yamamoto, Ari Akino, Toshiharu Tsuji, Kazuki Yamaoka, Ryohei |
| description | Regulation via interspecific communication is an important for the maintenance of many mutualisms. However, mechanisms underlying the evolution of partner communication are poorly understood for many mutualisms. Here we show, in an ant-lycaenid butterfly mutualism, that attendant ants selectively learn to recognize and interact cooperatively with a partner. Workers of the ant Pristomyrmex punctatus learn to associate cuticular hydrocarbons of mutualistic Narathura japonica caterpillars with food rewards and, as a result, are more likely to tend the caterpillars. However, the workers do not learn to associate the cuticular hydrocarbons of caterpillars of a non-ant-associated lycaenid, Lycaena phlaeas, with artificial food rewards. Chemical analysis revealed cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the mutualistic caterpillars were complex compared with those of non-ant-associated caterpillars. Our results suggest that partner-recognition based on partner-specific chemical signals and cognitive abilities of workers are important mechanisms underlying the evolution and maintenance of mutualism with ants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0086054 |
| format | Article |
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However, mechanisms underlying the evolution of partner communication are poorly understood for many mutualisms. Here we show, in an ant-lycaenid butterfly mutualism, that attendant ants selectively learn to recognize and interact cooperatively with a partner. Workers of the ant Pristomyrmex punctatus learn to associate cuticular hydrocarbons of mutualistic Narathura japonica caterpillars with food rewards and, as a result, are more likely to tend the caterpillars. However, the workers do not learn to associate the cuticular hydrocarbons of caterpillars of a non-ant-associated lycaenid, Lycaena phlaeas, with artificial food rewards. Chemical analysis revealed cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the mutualistic caterpillars were complex compared with those of non-ant-associated caterpillars. Our results suggest that partner-recognition based on partner-specific chemical signals and cognitive abilities of workers are important mechanisms underlying the evolution and maintenance of mutualism with ants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086054</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24489690</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animal Communication ; Animals ; Ants ; Ants - physiology ; Aphidoidea ; Associative learning ; Biological Evolution ; Biology ; Butterflies ; Butterflies & moths ; Butterflies - chemistry ; Butterflies - physiology ; Caterpillars ; Chemical analysis ; Cognitive ability ; Cuticular hydrocarbons ; Evolution ; Experiments ; Formicidae ; Hydrocarbons ; Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification ; Hymenoptera ; Insects ; Interspecific ; Laws, regulations and rules ; Lycaenidae ; Mutualism ; Odorants - analysis ; Odors ; Pristomyrmex punctatus ; Reinforcement ; Reward ; Science ; Species Specificity ; Symbiosis - physiology ; Workers (insect caste)</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e86054-e86054</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Hojo et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Hojo et al 2014 Hojo et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-ab4bd9722fa21c747e27fdb1e33b4116c70f5c11e43a115117e2504c1b531e1f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-ab4bd9722fa21c747e27fdb1e33b4116c70f5c11e43a115117e2504c1b531e1f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3906017/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3906017/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24489690$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Martin, Stephen J.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Hojo, Masaru K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamamoto, Ari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akino, Toshiharu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuji, Kazuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamaoka, Ryohei</creatorcontrib><title>Ants use partner specific odors to learn to recognize a mutualistic partner</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Regulation via interspecific communication is an important for the maintenance of many mutualisms. However, mechanisms underlying the evolution of partner communication are poorly understood for many mutualisms. Here we show, in an ant-lycaenid butterfly mutualism, that attendant ants selectively learn to recognize and interact cooperatively with a partner. Workers of the ant Pristomyrmex punctatus learn to associate cuticular hydrocarbons of mutualistic Narathura japonica caterpillars with food rewards and, as a result, are more likely to tend the caterpillars. However, the workers do not learn to associate the cuticular hydrocarbons of caterpillars of a non-ant-associated lycaenid, Lycaena phlaeas, with artificial food rewards. Chemical analysis revealed cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the mutualistic caterpillars were complex compared with those of non-ant-associated caterpillars. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hojo, Masaru K</au><au>Yamamoto, Ari</au><au>Akino, Toshiharu</au><au>Tsuji, Kazuki</au><au>Yamaoka, Ryohei</au><au>Martin, Stephen J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ants use partner specific odors to learn to recognize a mutualistic partner</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-01-29</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e86054</spage><epage>e86054</epage><pages>e86054-e86054</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Regulation via interspecific communication is an important for the maintenance of many mutualisms. However, mechanisms underlying the evolution of partner communication are poorly understood for many mutualisms. Here we show, in an ant-lycaenid butterfly mutualism, that attendant ants selectively learn to recognize and interact cooperatively with a partner. Workers of the ant Pristomyrmex punctatus learn to associate cuticular hydrocarbons of mutualistic Narathura japonica caterpillars with food rewards and, as a result, are more likely to tend the caterpillars. However, the workers do not learn to associate the cuticular hydrocarbons of caterpillars of a non-ant-associated lycaenid, Lycaena phlaeas, with artificial food rewards. Chemical analysis revealed cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the mutualistic caterpillars were complex compared with those of non-ant-associated caterpillars. 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| subjects | Animal Communication Animals Ants Ants - physiology Aphidoidea Associative learning Biological Evolution Biology Butterflies Butterflies & moths Butterflies - chemistry Butterflies - physiology Caterpillars Chemical analysis Cognitive ability Cuticular hydrocarbons Evolution Experiments Formicidae Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification Hymenoptera Insects Interspecific Laws, regulations and rules Lycaenidae Mutualism Odorants - analysis Odors Pristomyrmex punctatus Reinforcement Reward Science Species Specificity Symbiosis - physiology Workers (insect caste) |
| title | Ants use partner specific odors to learn to recognize a mutualistic partner |
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