Tick-borne encephalitis virus infects rat astrocytes but does not affect their viability
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes one of the most dangerous human neuroinfections in Europe and Asia. To infect neurons it must cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), and presumably also cells adjacent to the BBB, such as astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type. However, the knowledge...
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| creator | Potokar, Maja Korva, Miša Jorgačevski, Jernej Avšič-Županc, Tatjana Zorec, Robert |
| description | Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes one of the most dangerous human neuroinfections in Europe and Asia. To infect neurons it must cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), and presumably also cells adjacent to the BBB, such as astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type. However, the knowledge about the viral infection of glial cells is fragmental. Here we studied whether TBEV infects rat astrocytes. Rats belong to an animal group serving as a TBEV amplifying host. We employed high resolution quantitative fluorescence microscopy to investigate cell entry and cytoplasmic mobility of TBEV particles along with the effect on the cell cytoskeleton and cell survival. We report that infection of astrocytes with TBEV increases with time of exposure to TBEV and that with post-infection time TBEV particles gained higher mobility. After several days of infection actin cytoskeleton was affected, but cell survival was unchanged, indicating that rat astrocytes resist TBEV-mediated cell death, as reported for other mammalian cells. Therefore, astrocytes may present an important pool of dormant TBEV infections and a new target for therapeutic intervention. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0086219 |
| format | Article |
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To infect neurons it must cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), and presumably also cells adjacent to the BBB, such as astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type. However, the knowledge about the viral infection of glial cells is fragmental. Here we studied whether TBEV infects rat astrocytes. Rats belong to an animal group serving as a TBEV amplifying host. We employed high resolution quantitative fluorescence microscopy to investigate cell entry and cytoplasmic mobility of TBEV particles along with the effect on the cell cytoskeleton and cell survival. We report that infection of astrocytes with TBEV increases with time of exposure to TBEV and that with post-infection time TBEV particles gained higher mobility. After several days of infection actin cytoskeleton was affected, but cell survival was unchanged, indicating that rat astrocytes resist TBEV-mediated cell death, as reported for other mammalian cells. Therefore, astrocytes may present an important pool of dormant TBEV infections and a new target for therapeutic intervention.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086219</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24465969</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Actin ; Actin Cytoskeleton - pathology ; Actin Cytoskeleton - virology ; Aedes albopictus ; Animals ; Arachnids ; Astrocytes ; Astrocytes - cytology ; Astrocytes - pathology ; Astrocytes - virology ; Biology ; Blood-brain barrier ; Brain ; Brain research ; Cell culture ; Cell death ; Cell Survival ; Cells (Biology) ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton ; Dengue fever ; Encephalitis ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne - physiology ; Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - pathology ; Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - veterinary ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Glial cells ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Immunology ; Infections ; International organizations ; Labeling ; Laboratories ; Mammalian cells ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Mobility ; Mosquitoes ; Muscle proteins ; Neurophysiology ; Physiology ; Rats ; Rats - virology ; Rats, Wistar ; Survival ; Tick-borne encephalitis ; Viability ; Virology ; Virus Internalization ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e86219</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Potokar et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Potokar, Maja</au><au>Korva, Miša</au><au>Jorgačevski, Jernej</au><au>Avšič-Županc, Tatjana</au><au>Zorec, Robert</au><au>Favoreel, Herman</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tick-borne encephalitis virus infects rat astrocytes but does not affect their viability</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-01-20</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e86219</spage><pages>e86219-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes one of the most dangerous human neuroinfections in Europe and Asia. To infect neurons it must cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), and presumably also cells adjacent to the BBB, such as astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type. However, the knowledge about the viral infection of glial cells is fragmental. Here we studied whether TBEV infects rat astrocytes. Rats belong to an animal group serving as a TBEV amplifying host. We employed high resolution quantitative fluorescence microscopy to investigate cell entry and cytoplasmic mobility of TBEV particles along with the effect on the cell cytoskeleton and cell survival. We report that infection of astrocytes with TBEV increases with time of exposure to TBEV and that with post-infection time TBEV particles gained higher mobility. After several days of infection actin cytoskeleton was affected, but cell survival was unchanged, indicating that rat astrocytes resist TBEV-mediated cell death, as reported for other mammalian cells. Therefore, astrocytes may present an important pool of dormant TBEV infections and a new target for therapeutic intervention.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24465969</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0086219</doi><tpages>e86219</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Actin Actin Cytoskeleton - pathology Actin Cytoskeleton - virology Aedes albopictus Animals Arachnids Astrocytes Astrocytes - cytology Astrocytes - pathology Astrocytes - virology Biology Blood-brain barrier Brain Brain research Cell culture Cell death Cell Survival Cells (Biology) Cells, Cultured Cytoskeleton Dengue fever Encephalitis Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne - physiology Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - pathology Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - veterinary Fluorescence Fluorescence microscopy Glial cells Health aspects Humans Immunology Infections International organizations Labeling Laboratories Mammalian cells Medical research Medicine Mobility Mosquitoes Muscle proteins Neurophysiology Physiology Rats Rats - virology Rats, Wistar Survival Tick-borne encephalitis Viability Virology Virus Internalization Viruses |
| title | Tick-borne encephalitis virus infects rat astrocytes but does not affect their viability |
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