Fasting for 24 hours heightens reward from food and food-related cues
We examined the impact of a 24 hour complete fast (vs. fed state) on two measures of food reward: 1) 'wanting', as measured by response to food images and by the relative-reinforcing value of food (RRV), and 2) 'liking', as measured by response to food images and the hedonic eval...
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| creator | Cameron, Jameason D Goldfield, Gary S Finlayson, Graham Blundell, John E Doucet, Eric |
| description | We examined the impact of a 24 hour complete fast (vs. fed state) on two measures of food reward: 1) 'wanting', as measured by response to food images and by the relative-reinforcing value of food (RRV), and 2) 'liking', as measured by response to food images and the hedonic evaluation of foods consumed.
Utilizing a randomized crossover design, 15 subjects (9 male; 6 female) aged 28.6±4.5 yrs with body mass index 25.3±1.4 kg/m(2) were randomized and counterbalanced to normal feeding (FED) and 24-hour fast (FASTED) conditions. Trait characteristics were measured with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Two computer tasks measured food reward: 1) RRV progressive ratio task, 2) explicit 'liking' and 'wanting' (Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, LFPQ). Also measured were ad libitum energy intake (EI; buffet) and food 'liking' (visual analogue scale) of personalized stimuli.
There were no significant anthropometric changes between conditions. Appetite scores, hedonic ratings of 'liking', and ad libitum EI all significantly increased under the FASTED condition (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0085970 |
| format | Article |
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Utilizing a randomized crossover design, 15 subjects (9 male; 6 female) aged 28.6±4.5 yrs with body mass index 25.3±1.4 kg/m(2) were randomized and counterbalanced to normal feeding (FED) and 24-hour fast (FASTED) conditions. Trait characteristics were measured with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Two computer tasks measured food reward: 1) RRV progressive ratio task, 2) explicit 'liking' and 'wanting' (Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, LFPQ). Also measured were ad libitum energy intake (EI; buffet) and food 'liking' (visual analogue scale) of personalized stimuli.
There were no significant anthropometric changes between conditions. Appetite scores, hedonic ratings of 'liking', and ad libitum EI all significantly increased under the FASTED condition (p<0.05). Under the FASTED condition there were significant increases in the RRV of snack foods; similarly, explicit 'wanting' and 'liking' significantly increased for all food categories. 'Liking' of sweet foods remained high across-meals under FASTED, but savory foods decreased in hedonic saliency.
Relative to a fed state, we observed an increase in hedonic ratings of food, the rewarding value of food, and food intake after a 24 hr fast. Alliesthesia to food and food cues is suggested by heightened hedonic ratings under the FASTED condition relative to FED.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085970</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24454949</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anthropometry ; Appetite ; Behavior ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body measurements ; Body size ; Cross-Over Studies ; Cues ; Energy ; Energy intake ; Energy measurement ; Fasting ; Fasting - psychology ; Feeding Behavior - psychology ; Female ; Food ; Food analysis ; Food intake ; Food preferences ; Gender differences ; Gene expression ; Human subjects ; Humans ; Hunger ; Male ; Mathematics ; Meals ; Medicine ; Obesity ; Randomization ; Ratings ; Reinforcement ; Reward ; Short term ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Studies ; Visual Analog Scale ; Visual stimuli ; Weight control ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e85970-e85970</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Cameron et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Cameron et al 2014 Cameron et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c30ac47da5af9a9c8d0b32ddf980e1ca1c53ff87bf18587c69edb561c5b583e43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c30ac47da5af9a9c8d0b32ddf980e1ca1c53ff87bf18587c69edb561c5b583e43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3894194/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3894194/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24454949$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Andrews, Zane</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cameron, Jameason D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goldfield, Gary S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finlayson, Graham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blundell, John E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doucet, Eric</creatorcontrib><title>Fasting for 24 hours heightens reward from food and food-related cues</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>We examined the impact of a 24 hour complete fast (vs. fed state) on two measures of food reward: 1) 'wanting', as measured by response to food images and by the relative-reinforcing value of food (RRV), and 2) 'liking', as measured by response to food images and the hedonic evaluation of foods consumed.
Utilizing a randomized crossover design, 15 subjects (9 male; 6 female) aged 28.6±4.5 yrs with body mass index 25.3±1.4 kg/m(2) were randomized and counterbalanced to normal feeding (FED) and 24-hour fast (FASTED) conditions. Trait characteristics were measured with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Two computer tasks measured food reward: 1) RRV progressive ratio task, 2) explicit 'liking' and 'wanting' (Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, LFPQ). Also measured were ad libitum energy intake (EI; buffet) and food 'liking' (visual analogue scale) of personalized stimuli.
There were no significant anthropometric changes between conditions. Appetite scores, hedonic ratings of 'liking', and ad libitum EI all significantly increased under the FASTED condition (p<0.05). Under the FASTED condition there were significant increases in the RRV of snack foods; similarly, explicit 'wanting' and 'liking' significantly increased for all food categories. 'Liking' of sweet foods remained high across-meals under FASTED, but savory foods decreased in hedonic saliency.
Relative to a fed state, we observed an increase in hedonic ratings of food, the rewarding value of food, and food intake after a 24 hr fast. Alliesthesia to food and food cues is suggested by heightened hedonic ratings under the FASTED condition relative to FED.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anthropometry</subject><subject>Appetite</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body measurements</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Cues</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy intake</subject><subject>Energy measurement</subject><subject>Fasting</subject><subject>Fasting - psychology</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food analysis</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Food preferences</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Human 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One</addtitle><date>2014-01-16</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e85970</spage><epage>e85970</epage><pages>e85970-e85970</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>We examined the impact of a 24 hour complete fast (vs. fed state) on two measures of food reward: 1) 'wanting', as measured by response to food images and by the relative-reinforcing value of food (RRV), and 2) 'liking', as measured by response to food images and the hedonic evaluation of foods consumed.
Utilizing a randomized crossover design, 15 subjects (9 male; 6 female) aged 28.6±4.5 yrs with body mass index 25.3±1.4 kg/m(2) were randomized and counterbalanced to normal feeding (FED) and 24-hour fast (FASTED) conditions. Trait characteristics were measured with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. Two computer tasks measured food reward: 1) RRV progressive ratio task, 2) explicit 'liking' and 'wanting' (Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, LFPQ). Also measured were ad libitum energy intake (EI; buffet) and food 'liking' (visual analogue scale) of personalized stimuli.
There were no significant anthropometric changes between conditions. Appetite scores, hedonic ratings of 'liking', and ad libitum EI all significantly increased under the FASTED condition (p<0.05). Under the FASTED condition there were significant increases in the RRV of snack foods; similarly, explicit 'wanting' and 'liking' significantly increased for all food categories. 'Liking' of sweet foods remained high across-meals under FASTED, but savory foods decreased in hedonic saliency.
Relative to a fed state, we observed an increase in hedonic ratings of food, the rewarding value of food, and food intake after a 24 hr fast. Alliesthesia to food and food cues is suggested by heightened hedonic ratings under the FASTED condition relative to FED.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24454949</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0085970</doi><tpages>e85970</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Anthropometry Appetite Behavior Body mass Body mass index Body measurements Body size Cross-Over Studies Cues Energy Energy intake Energy measurement Fasting Fasting - psychology Feeding Behavior - psychology Female Food Food analysis Food intake Food preferences Gender differences Gene expression Human subjects Humans Hunger Male Mathematics Meals Medicine Obesity Randomization Ratings Reinforcement Reward Short term Social and Behavioral Sciences Studies Visual Analog Scale Visual stimuli Weight control Young Adult |
| title | Fasting for 24 hours heightens reward from food and food-related cues |
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