Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive magnetic fluorescent nanodroplets as a multimodal imaging contrast agent in rat and mouse model
Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive nanodroplets with multimodal imaging functionality were prepared via premix Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification method. The nanodroplets with fluorescence dye DiR and SPIO nanoparticles (DiR-SPIO-NDs) had a polymer shell and a liquid per...
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| creator | Cheng, Xin Li, Huan Chen, Yunchao Luo, Binhua Liu, Xuhan Liu, Wei Xu, Haibo Yang, Xiangliang |
| description | Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive nanodroplets with multimodal imaging functionality were prepared via premix Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification method. The nanodroplets with fluorescence dye DiR and SPIO nanoparticles (DiR-SPIO-NDs) had a polymer shell and a liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) core. The as-formed DiR-SPIO-NDs have a uniform size of 385 ± 5.0 nm with PDI of 0.169 ± 0.011. The TEM and microscopy imaging showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs existed as core-shell spheres, and DiR and SPIO nanoparticles dispersed in the shell or core. The MTT and hemolysis studies demonstrated that the nanodroplets were biocompatible and safe. Moreover, the proposed nanodroplets exhibited significant ultrasound-triggered phase transition property under clinical diagnostic ultrasound irradiation due to the vaporization of PFP inside. Meanwhile, the high stability and R2 relaxivity of the DiR-SPIO-NDs suggested its applicability in MRI. The in vivo T2-weighted images of MRI and fluorescence images both showed that the image contrast in liver and spleen of rats and mice model were enhanced after the intravenous injection of DiR-SPIO-NDs. Furthermore, the ultrasound imaging (US) in mice tumor as well as MRI and fluorescence imaging in liver of rats and mice showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs had long-lasting contrast ability in vivo. These in vitro and in vivo findings suggested that DiR-SPIO-NDs could potentially be a great MRI/US/fluorescence multimodal imaging contrast agent in the diagnosis of liver tissue diseases. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0085003 |
| format | Article |
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The nanodroplets with fluorescence dye DiR and SPIO nanoparticles (DiR-SPIO-NDs) had a polymer shell and a liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) core. The as-formed DiR-SPIO-NDs have a uniform size of 385 ± 5.0 nm with PDI of 0.169 ± 0.011. The TEM and microscopy imaging showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs existed as core-shell spheres, and DiR and SPIO nanoparticles dispersed in the shell or core. The MTT and hemolysis studies demonstrated that the nanodroplets were biocompatible and safe. Moreover, the proposed nanodroplets exhibited significant ultrasound-triggered phase transition property under clinical diagnostic ultrasound irradiation due to the vaporization of PFP inside. Meanwhile, the high stability and R2 relaxivity of the DiR-SPIO-NDs suggested its applicability in MRI. The in vivo T2-weighted images of MRI and fluorescence images both showed that the image contrast in liver and spleen of rats and mice model were enhanced after the intravenous injection of DiR-SPIO-NDs. Furthermore, the ultrasound imaging (US) in mice tumor as well as MRI and fluorescence imaging in liver of rats and mice showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs had long-lasting contrast ability in vivo. These in vitro and in vivo findings suggested that DiR-SPIO-NDs could potentially be a great MRI/US/fluorescence multimodal imaging contrast agent in the diagnosis of liver tissue diseases.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24391983</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biocompatibility ; Biology ; Biomedical materials ; Contrast agents ; Contrast media ; Contrast Media - chemistry ; Diagnostic systems ; Emulsification ; Engineering ; Engineering research ; Fluorescence ; Fluorocarbons - chemistry ; Hemolysis ; Hospitals ; Image contrast ; Intravenous administration ; Irradiation ; Life sciences ; Liver ; Liver diseases ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Materials Science ; Medicine ; Methods ; Mice ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Multimodal Imaging - methods ; Nanoparticles ; Nanoparticles - chemistry ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Phase Transition ; Phase transitions ; Physiology ; Quantum dots ; Radiation ; Rats ; Spleen ; Surfactants ; Tetrazolium Salts ; Thiazoles ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasound ; Ultrasound imaging ; Vaporization</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e85003</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Cheng et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Cheng et al 2013 Cheng et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-9821c2a29c15482d7173ab41cad80782a9524348a3e9d8593e3400563aa315363</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-9821c2a29c15482d7173ab41cad80782a9524348a3e9d8593e3400563aa315363</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3877337/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3877337/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24391983$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Chen, Xiaoyuan</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yunchao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Binhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xuhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Haibo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiangliang</creatorcontrib><title>Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive magnetic fluorescent nanodroplets as a multimodal imaging contrast agent in rat and mouse model</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive nanodroplets with multimodal imaging functionality were prepared via premix Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification method. The nanodroplets with fluorescence dye DiR and SPIO nanoparticles (DiR-SPIO-NDs) had a polymer shell and a liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) core. The as-formed DiR-SPIO-NDs have a uniform size of 385 ± 5.0 nm with PDI of 0.169 ± 0.011. The TEM and microscopy imaging showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs existed as core-shell spheres, and DiR and SPIO nanoparticles dispersed in the shell or core. The MTT and hemolysis studies demonstrated that the nanodroplets were biocompatible and safe. Moreover, the proposed nanodroplets exhibited significant ultrasound-triggered phase transition property under clinical diagnostic ultrasound irradiation due to the vaporization of PFP inside. Meanwhile, the high stability and R2 relaxivity of the DiR-SPIO-NDs suggested its applicability in MRI. The in vivo T2-weighted images of MRI and fluorescence images both showed that the image contrast in liver and spleen of rats and mice model were enhanced after the intravenous injection of DiR-SPIO-NDs. Furthermore, the ultrasound imaging (US) in mice tumor as well as MRI and fluorescence imaging in liver of rats and mice showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs had long-lasting contrast ability in vivo. These in vitro and in vivo findings suggested that DiR-SPIO-NDs could potentially be a great MRI/US/fluorescence multimodal imaging contrast agent in the diagnosis of liver tissue diseases.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Contrast agents</subject><subject>Contrast media</subject><subject>Contrast Media - chemistry</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Emulsification</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Engineering research</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Fluorocarbons - chemistry</subject><subject>Hemolysis</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Image contrast</subject><subject>Intravenous administration</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Life sciences</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Transmission</subject><subject>Multimodal Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Nanoparticles - chemistry</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Phase Transition</subject><subject>Phase transitions</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Quantum dots</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Tetrazolium Salts</subject><subject>Thiazoles</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasonography</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><subject>Ultrasound imaging</subject><subject>Vaporization</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNU2uL1DAULaK46-o_EA0Igh9mbB59fVlYFh8DCwvq-jXcJmknQ5qMSbror_Avm-50lykoSApJk3POvfckN8te4nyNaYXf79zoLZj13lm1zvO6yHP6KDvFDSWrkuT08dH6JHsWwi7PC1qX5dPshDDa4Kamp9nvGxM9BDdauYpe973ySqL9FoJC6cAGHbWzKKi71a1CA_RWRS1QZ0bnVRDKRmTBOund3qgYEKQPDaOJenASDNKJom2PhLNTqIignzjaIg_px0o0uDGFS2hlnmdPOjBBvZjns-zm44dvl59XV9efNpcXVytRNiSumppgQYA0AhesJrLCFYWWYQGyzquaQFOkGlkNVDWyLhqqKEvllxSA4oKW9Cx7fdDdGxf47GXgmFWUMowZTojNASEd7PjepzL8L-5A87sN53sOPhlhFBeCVlIw1XZEMCHalpa46GpFWmhYXrKkdT5HG9tByckzD2Yhujyxest7d8tpXaWEqiTwZhbw7seoQvxHyjOqh5SVtp1LYmLQQfALVlUNKVM6CbX-CyoNqQadLkl1Ou0vCO8WhOki1c_YwxgC33z98v_Y6-9L7Nsj7FaBidvgzDi9uLAEsgNQeBeCV92DczjnUzPcu8GnZuBzMyTaq2PXH0j3r5_-AXXVB5A</recordid><startdate>20131231</startdate><enddate>20131231</enddate><creator>Cheng, Xin</creator><creator>Li, Huan</creator><creator>Chen, Yunchao</creator><creator>Luo, Binhua</creator><creator>Liu, Xuhan</creator><creator>Liu, Wei</creator><creator>Xu, Haibo</creator><creator>Yang, Xiangliang</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131231</creationdate><title>Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive magnetic fluorescent nanodroplets as a multimodal imaging contrast agent in rat and mouse model</title><author>Cheng, Xin ; Li, Huan ; Chen, Yunchao ; Luo, Binhua ; Liu, Xuhan ; Liu, Wei ; Xu, Haibo ; Yang, Xiangliang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-9821c2a29c15482d7173ab41cad80782a9524348a3e9d8593e3400563aa315363</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biomedical materials</topic><topic>Contrast agents</topic><topic>Contrast media</topic><topic>Contrast Media - chemistry</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Emulsification</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Engineering research</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Fluorocarbons - chemistry</topic><topic>Hemolysis</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Image contrast</topic><topic>Intravenous administration</topic><topic>Irradiation</topic><topic>Life sciences</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Transmission</topic><topic>Multimodal Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Nanoparticles - chemistry</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Phase Transition</topic><topic>Phase transitions</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Quantum dots</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Spleen</topic><topic>Surfactants</topic><topic>Tetrazolium Salts</topic><topic>Thiazoles</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Ultrasonography</topic><topic>Ultrasound</topic><topic>Ultrasound imaging</topic><topic>Vaporization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yunchao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Binhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xuhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Haibo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiangliang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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The nanodroplets with fluorescence dye DiR and SPIO nanoparticles (DiR-SPIO-NDs) had a polymer shell and a liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) core. The as-formed DiR-SPIO-NDs have a uniform size of 385 ± 5.0 nm with PDI of 0.169 ± 0.011. The TEM and microscopy imaging showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs existed as core-shell spheres, and DiR and SPIO nanoparticles dispersed in the shell or core. The MTT and hemolysis studies demonstrated that the nanodroplets were biocompatible and safe. Moreover, the proposed nanodroplets exhibited significant ultrasound-triggered phase transition property under clinical diagnostic ultrasound irradiation due to the vaporization of PFP inside. Meanwhile, the high stability and R2 relaxivity of the DiR-SPIO-NDs suggested its applicability in MRI. The in vivo T2-weighted images of MRI and fluorescence images both showed that the image contrast in liver and spleen of rats and mice model were enhanced after the intravenous injection of DiR-SPIO-NDs. Furthermore, the ultrasound imaging (US) in mice tumor as well as MRI and fluorescence imaging in liver of rats and mice showed that the DiR-SPIO-NDs had long-lasting contrast ability in vivo. These in vitro and in vivo findings suggested that DiR-SPIO-NDs could potentially be a great MRI/US/fluorescence multimodal imaging contrast agent in the diagnosis of liver tissue diseases.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24391983</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0085003</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Biocompatibility Biology Biomedical materials Contrast agents Contrast media Contrast Media - chemistry Diagnostic systems Emulsification Engineering Engineering research Fluorescence Fluorocarbons - chemistry Hemolysis Hospitals Image contrast Intravenous administration Irradiation Life sciences Liver Liver diseases Magnetic resonance imaging Materials Science Medicine Methods Mice Microscopy Microscopy, Electron, Transmission Multimodal Imaging - methods Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - chemistry NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Phase Transition Phase transitions Physiology Quantum dots Radiation Rats Spleen Surfactants Tetrazolium Salts Thiazoles Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonography Ultrasound Ultrasound imaging Vaporization |
| title | Ultrasound-triggered phase transition sensitive magnetic fluorescent nanodroplets as a multimodal imaging contrast agent in rat and mouse model |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T03%3A54%3A19IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ultrasound-triggered%20phase%20transition%20sensitive%20magnetic%20fluorescent%20nanodroplets%20as%20a%20multimodal%20imaging%20contrast%20agent%20in%20rat%20and%20mouse%20model&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Cheng,%20Xin&rft.date=2013-12-31&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e85003&rft.pages=e85003-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0085003&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA477926940%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1473341141&rft_id=info:pmid/24391983&rft_galeid=A477926940&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_cc37dc4ebf2c4ccbb3615f8e2ba94064&rfr_iscdi=true |