Relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitations, and metabolic abnormalities in school workers
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused mainly by habitual smoking and is common among elderly individuals. It involves not only airflow limitation but also metabolic disorders, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We evaluated relationships among smoking habits, airf...
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| creator | Horie, Masafumi Noguchi, Satoshi Tanaka, Wakae Goto, Yasushi Yoshihara, Hisanao Kawakami, Masaki Suzuki, Masaru Sakamoto, Yoshio |
| description | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused mainly by habitual smoking and is common among elderly individuals. It involves not only airflow limitation but also metabolic disorders, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
We evaluated relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitation, and metabolic abnormalities.
Between 2001 and 2008, 15,324 school workers (9700 males, 5624 females; age: ≥ 30 years) underwent medical checkups, including blood tests and spirometry. They also responded to a questionnaire on smoking habits and medical history.
Airflow limitation was more prevalent in current smokers than in ex-smokers and never-smokers in men and women. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia was higher in current smokers in all age groups, and those of low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus were higher in current smokers in age groups ≥ 40 s in men, but not in women. There were significant differences in the frequencies of metabolic abnormalities between subjects with airflow limitations and those without in women, but not in men. Smoking index was an independent factor associated with increased frequencies of hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.015; 95% CI: 1.012-1.018; p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0081145 |
| format | Article |
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We evaluated relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitation, and metabolic abnormalities.
Between 2001 and 2008, 15,324 school workers (9700 males, 5624 females; age: ≥ 30 years) underwent medical checkups, including blood tests and spirometry. They also responded to a questionnaire on smoking habits and medical history.
Airflow limitation was more prevalent in current smokers than in ex-smokers and never-smokers in men and women. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia was higher in current smokers in all age groups, and those of low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus were higher in current smokers in age groups ≥ 40 s in men, but not in women. There were significant differences in the frequencies of metabolic abnormalities between subjects with airflow limitations and those without in women, but not in men. Smoking index was an independent factor associated with increased frequencies of hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.015; 95% CI: 1.012-1.018; p<0.0001) and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia (1.013; 1.010-1.016; p<0.0001) in men. Length of smoking cessation was an independent factor associated with a decreased frequency of hypertriglyceridemia (0.984; 0.975-0.994; p = 0.007).
Habitual smoking causes high incidences of airflow limitation and metabolic abnormalities. Women, but not men, with airflow limitation had higher frequencies of metabolic abnormalities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081145</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24312268</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Adult ; Age ; Air ; Air flow ; Air pollution ; Airflow ; Asthma ; Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cholesterol ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Cigarettes ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Drug addiction ; Drug therapy ; Faculty - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Females ; Gender differences ; Geriatrics ; Habits ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Inflammation ; Lipids ; Lipoproteins ; Lung diseases ; Male ; Males ; Medical personnel ; Medicine ; Men ; Metabolic Diseases - chemically induced ; Metabolic disorders ; Metabolic syndrome ; Middle age ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Obstructive lung disease ; Older people ; Outdoor air quality ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - chemically induced ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Schools ; Smoking ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Smoking Cessation ; Triglycerides ; Uric acid</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e81145</ispartof><rights>2013 Horie et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Horie et al 2013 Horie et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-20558e7119e36c78a0dd5618c8c9d60dc29a3bcde22ee35a266f633a594be9e73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-20558e7119e36c78a0dd5618c8c9d60dc29a3bcde22ee35a266f633a594be9e73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3843673/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3843673/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,862,883,2098,2917,23849,27907,27908,53774,53776,79351,79352</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24312268$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Fehrenbach, Heinz</contributor><creatorcontrib>Horie, Masafumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noguchi, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanaka, Wakae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goto, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshihara, Hisanao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawakami, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Masaru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakamoto, Yoshio</creatorcontrib><title>Relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitations, and metabolic abnormalities in school workers</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused mainly by habitual smoking and is common among elderly individuals. It involves not only airflow limitation but also metabolic disorders, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
We evaluated relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitation, and metabolic abnormalities.
Between 2001 and 2008, 15,324 school workers (9700 males, 5624 females; age: ≥ 30 years) underwent medical checkups, including blood tests and spirometry. They also responded to a questionnaire on smoking habits and medical history.
Airflow limitation was more prevalent in current smokers than in ex-smokers and never-smokers in men and women. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia was higher in current smokers in all age groups, and those of low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus were higher in current smokers in age groups ≥ 40 s in men, but not in women. There were significant differences in the frequencies of metabolic abnormalities between subjects with airflow limitations and those without in women, but not in men. Smoking index was an independent factor associated with increased frequencies of hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.015; 95% CI: 1.012-1.018; p<0.0001) and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia (1.013; 1.010-1.016; p<0.0001) in men. Length of smoking cessation was an independent factor associated with a decreased frequency of hypertriglyceridemia (0.984; 0.975-0.994; p = 0.007).
Habitual smoking causes high incidences of airflow limitation and metabolic abnormalities. Women, but not men, with airflow limitation had higher frequencies of metabolic abnormalities.</description><subject>Abnormalities</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Air</subject><subject>Air flow</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Airflow</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Faculty - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Geriatrics</subject><subject>Habits</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertriglyceridemia</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipoproteins</subject><subject>Lung diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Medical personnel</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases - chemically induced</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Metabolic syndrome</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Obstructive lung disease</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Outdoor air quality</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - chemically induced</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology</subject><subject>Respiratory Function Tests</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Smoking Cessation</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Uric acid</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kl9rFDEUxQex2Fr9BqIDvrrb_JlkkhehlFYLhULR53AnubObbWayJlmL395Zd1raB59uuDnndy_JqaoPlCwpb-nZJu7SCGG5jSMuCVGUNuJVdUI1ZwvJCH_97Hxcvc15Q4jgSso31TFrOGVMqpOqv8MAxccxr_021zDEcVXnId77qa6h8yV_qcGnPsSHOvjBl4N6ao6uHrBAF4O3NXRjTAMEXzzm2o91tusYQ_0Q0z2m_K466iFkfD_X0-rn1eWPi--Lm9tv1xfnNwsrNCsLRoRQ2FKqkUvbKiDOCUmVVVY7SZxlGnhnHTKGyAUwKXvJOQjddKix5afVpwN3G2I28xNlQxvJRMOJUJPi-qBwETZmm_wA6Y-J4M2_RkwrA6l4G9DYTkluFSFodaMkaKJbitqBREuY5hPr6zxt1w3oLI4lQXgBfXkz-rVZxd-Gq4bLdg_4PANS_LXDXP6zcnNQ2RRzTtg_TaDE7LPw6DL7LJg5C5Pt4_PtnkyPn8__AhEftJc</recordid><startdate>20131129</startdate><enddate>20131129</enddate><creator>Horie, Masafumi</creator><creator>Noguchi, Satoshi</creator><creator>Tanaka, Wakae</creator><creator>Goto, Yasushi</creator><creator>Yoshihara, Hisanao</creator><creator>Kawakami, Masaki</creator><creator>Suzuki, Masaru</creator><creator>Sakamoto, Yoshio</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131129</creationdate><title>Relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitations, and metabolic abnormalities in school workers</title><author>Horie, Masafumi ; Noguchi, Satoshi ; Tanaka, Wakae ; Goto, Yasushi ; Yoshihara, Hisanao ; Kawakami, Masaki ; Suzuki, Masaru ; Sakamoto, Yoshio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-20558e7119e36c78a0dd5618c8c9d60dc29a3bcde22ee35a266f633a594be9e73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Abnormalities</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Air</topic><topic>Air flow</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Airflow</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Atherosclerosis</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Faculty - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Geriatrics</topic><topic>Habits</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertriglyceridemia</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipoproteins</topic><topic>Lung diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Medical personnel</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Men</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases - chemically induced</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Metabolic syndrome</topic><topic>Middle age</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Obstructive lung disease</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Outdoor air quality</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - chemically induced</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology</topic><topic>Respiratory Function Tests</topic><topic>Schools</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - adverse effects</topic><topic>Smoking Cessation</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Uric acid</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Horie, Masafumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noguchi, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanaka, Wakae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goto, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshihara, Hisanao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawakami, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Masaru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakamoto, Yoshio</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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It involves not only airflow limitation but also metabolic disorders, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
We evaluated relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitation, and metabolic abnormalities.
Between 2001 and 2008, 15,324 school workers (9700 males, 5624 females; age: ≥ 30 years) underwent medical checkups, including blood tests and spirometry. They also responded to a questionnaire on smoking habits and medical history.
Airflow limitation was more prevalent in current smokers than in ex-smokers and never-smokers in men and women. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia was higher in current smokers in all age groups, and those of low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus were higher in current smokers in age groups ≥ 40 s in men, but not in women. There were significant differences in the frequencies of metabolic abnormalities between subjects with airflow limitations and those without in women, but not in men. Smoking index was an independent factor associated with increased frequencies of hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.015; 95% CI: 1.012-1.018; p<0.0001) and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterolemia (1.013; 1.010-1.016; p<0.0001) in men. Length of smoking cessation was an independent factor associated with a decreased frequency of hypertriglyceridemia (0.984; 0.975-0.994; p = 0.007).
Habitual smoking causes high incidences of airflow limitation and metabolic abnormalities. Women, but not men, with airflow limitation had higher frequencies of metabolic abnormalities.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24312268</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0081145</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Abnormalities Adult Age Air Air flow Air pollution Airflow Asthma Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Cholesterol Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cigarettes Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Drug addiction Drug therapy Faculty - statistics & numerical data Female Females Gender differences Geriatrics Habits Hospitals Humans Hypertriglyceridemia Inflammation Lipids Lipoproteins Lung diseases Male Males Medical personnel Medicine Men Metabolic Diseases - chemically induced Metabolic disorders Metabolic syndrome Middle age Morbidity Mortality Obstructive lung disease Older people Outdoor air quality Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - chemically induced Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology Respiratory Function Tests Schools Smoking Smoking - adverse effects Smoking Cessation Triglycerides Uric acid |
| title | Relationships among smoking habits, airflow limitations, and metabolic abnormalities in school workers |
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