River ecosystem response to prescribed vegetation burning on Blanket Peatland
Catchment-scale land-use change is recognised as a major threat to aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning globally. In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alt...
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| creator | Brown, Lee E Johnston, Kerrylyn Palmer, Sheila M Aspray, Katie L Holden, Joseph |
| description | Catchment-scale land-use change is recognised as a major threat to aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning globally. In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alter river water quality there has been minimal attention paid to effects on aquatic biota. We studied ten rivers across the north of England between March 2010 and October 2011, five of which drained burned catchments and five from unburned catchments. There were significant effects of burning, season and their interaction on river macroinvertebrate communities, with rivers draining burned catchments having significantly lower taxonomic richness and Simpson's diversity. ANOSIM revealed a significant effect of burning on macroinvertebrate community composition, with typically reduced Ephemeroptera abundance and diversity and greater abundance of Chironomidae and Nemouridae. Grazer and collector-gatherer feeding groups were also significantly less abundant in rivers draining burned catchments. These biotic changes were associated with lower pH and higher Si, Mn, Fe and Al in burned systems. Vegetation burning on peatland therefore has effects beyond the terrestrial part of the system where the management intervention is being practiced. Similar responses of river macroinvertebrate communities have been observed in peatlands disturbed by forestry activity across northern Europe. Finally we found river ecosystem changes similar to those observed in studies of wild and prescribed forest fires across North America and South Africa, illustrating some potentially generic effects of fire on aquatic ecosystems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0081023 |
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In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alter river water quality there has been minimal attention paid to effects on aquatic biota. We studied ten rivers across the north of England between March 2010 and October 2011, five of which drained burned catchments and five from unburned catchments. There were significant effects of burning, season and their interaction on river macroinvertebrate communities, with rivers draining burned catchments having significantly lower taxonomic richness and Simpson's diversity. ANOSIM revealed a significant effect of burning on macroinvertebrate community composition, with typically reduced Ephemeroptera abundance and diversity and greater abundance of Chironomidae and Nemouridae. Grazer and collector-gatherer feeding groups were also significantly less abundant in rivers draining burned catchments. These biotic changes were associated with lower pH and higher Si, Mn, Fe and Al in burned systems. Vegetation burning on peatland therefore has effects beyond the terrestrial part of the system where the management intervention is being practiced. Similar responses of river macroinvertebrate communities have been observed in peatlands disturbed by forestry activity across northern Europe. Finally we found river ecosystem changes similar to those observed in studies of wild and prescribed forest fires across North America and South Africa, illustrating some potentially generic effects of fire on aquatic ecosystems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081023</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24278367</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Aluminum ; Aquatic animals ; Aquatic biota ; Aquatic ecosystems ; Aquatic insects ; Biodiversity ; Biology ; Biomass burning ; Biota ; Birds ; Burning ; Catchment areas ; Catchment scale ; Catchments ; Change detection ; Chironomidae ; Communities ; Community composition ; Composition effects ; Creeks & streams ; Drainage ; Ecological function ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystem biology ; England ; Environmental changes ; Ephemeroptera ; Fire effects ; Fires ; Forest fires ; Forestry ; Highlands ; Hydrology ; Iron ; Land use ; Macroinvertebrates ; Manganese ; Peat ; Peat bogs ; Peatlands ; pH effects ; Prescribed fire ; Respiration ; River ecology ; River networks ; River water quality ; Rivers ; Seasons ; Simuliidae ; Soil ; Soil contamination ; Soil erosion ; Stream flow ; Studies ; Terrestrial environments ; Vegetation ; Water quality</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e81023-e81023</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Brown et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alter river water quality there has been minimal attention paid to effects on aquatic biota. We studied ten rivers across the north of England between March 2010 and October 2011, five of which drained burned catchments and five from unburned catchments. There were significant effects of burning, season and their interaction on river macroinvertebrate communities, with rivers draining burned catchments having significantly lower taxonomic richness and Simpson's diversity. ANOSIM revealed a significant effect of burning on macroinvertebrate community composition, with typically reduced Ephemeroptera abundance and diversity and greater abundance of Chironomidae and Nemouridae. Grazer and collector-gatherer feeding groups were also significantly less abundant in rivers draining burned catchments. These biotic changes were associated with lower pH and higher Si, Mn, Fe and Al in burned systems. Vegetation burning on peatland therefore has effects beyond the terrestrial part of the system where the management intervention is being practiced. Similar responses of river macroinvertebrate communities have been observed in peatlands disturbed by forestry activity across northern Europe. Finally we found river ecosystem changes similar to those observed in studies of wild and prescribed forest fires across North America and South Africa, illustrating some potentially generic effects of fire on aquatic ecosystems.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Aquatic animals</subject><subject>Aquatic biota</subject><subject>Aquatic ecosystems</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomass burning</subject><subject>Biota</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Burning</subject><subject>Catchment areas</subject><subject>Catchment scale</subject><subject>Catchments</subject><subject>Change detection</subject><subject>Chironomidae</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Community composition</subject><subject>Composition effects</subject><subject>Creeks & streams</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>Ecological 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Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brown, Lee E</au><au>Johnston, Kerrylyn</au><au>Palmer, Sheila M</au><au>Aspray, Katie L</au><au>Holden, Joseph</au><au>Iwata, Tomoya</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>River ecosystem response to prescribed vegetation burning on Blanket Peatland</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2013-11-21</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e81023</spage><epage>e81023</epage><pages>e81023-e81023</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Catchment-scale land-use change is recognised as a major threat to aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning globally. In the UK uplands rotational vegetation burning is practised widely to boost production of recreational game birds, and while some recent studies have suggested burning can alter river water quality there has been minimal attention paid to effects on aquatic biota. We studied ten rivers across the north of England between March 2010 and October 2011, five of which drained burned catchments and five from unburned catchments. There were significant effects of burning, season and their interaction on river macroinvertebrate communities, with rivers draining burned catchments having significantly lower taxonomic richness and Simpson's diversity. ANOSIM revealed a significant effect of burning on macroinvertebrate community composition, with typically reduced Ephemeroptera abundance and diversity and greater abundance of Chironomidae and Nemouridae. Grazer and collector-gatherer feeding groups were also significantly less abundant in rivers draining burned catchments. These biotic changes were associated with lower pH and higher Si, Mn, Fe and Al in burned systems. Vegetation burning on peatland therefore has effects beyond the terrestrial part of the system where the management intervention is being practiced. Similar responses of river macroinvertebrate communities have been observed in peatlands disturbed by forestry activity across northern Europe. Finally we found river ecosystem changes similar to those observed in studies of wild and prescribed forest fires across North America and South Africa, illustrating some potentially generic effects of fire on aquatic ecosystems.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24278367</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0081023</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abundance Aluminum Aquatic animals Aquatic biota Aquatic ecosystems Aquatic insects Biodiversity Biology Biomass burning Biota Birds Burning Catchment areas Catchment scale Catchments Change detection Chironomidae Communities Community composition Composition effects Creeks & streams Drainage Ecological function Ecosystem Ecosystem biology England Environmental changes Ephemeroptera Fire effects Fires Forest fires Forestry Highlands Hydrology Iron Land use Macroinvertebrates Manganese Peat Peat bogs Peatlands pH effects Prescribed fire Respiration River ecology River networks River water quality Rivers Seasons Simuliidae Soil Soil contamination Soil erosion Stream flow Studies Terrestrial environments Vegetation Water quality |
| title | River ecosystem response to prescribed vegetation burning on Blanket Peatland |
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